which follow it, and if at a subsequent period some thing of a similar kind happens to take place, they feel persuaded it will be attended with the same result." The games and amusements of children were such as tended to promote health by the exercise of the body, and to divert the mind by laughable entertainments. Throwing and catching the ball, running, leaping, and similar feats, were encouraged, as soon as their age enabled them to indulge in them; and a young child was amused with painted dolls, whose hands and legs, moving on pins, were made to assume various positions by means of strings. Some of these were of rude and uncertain form, without legs, or with an imperfect representation of a single arm on one side. Some had numerous beads, in imitation of hair, * Conf. Herod. ii. 48., who mentions another kind of figure carried at "the fête of Bacchus." hanging from the doubtful place of the head; others exhibited a nearer approach to the form of a man; and some, made with considerable attention to proportion, were small models of the human figure. They were coloured according to fancy; the most informous had usually the most gaudy appearance, being intended to catch the eye of an infant; but a show of reality was deemed more suited to the taste of an older child; and the nearer their resemblance to known objects, the less they partook of artificial ornament. Sometimes a man was figured washing, or kneading dough, the necessary No. 301. Children's toys. Leyden Museum. movement indicative of the operation being imitated by pulling a string; and a typhonian monster, or a crocodile, amused a child by its grimaces, or the motion of its opening mouth; plainly showing that children, in all ages, delight in the frightful, shudder to behold. In the toy of the crocodile, we have sufficient evidence that the erroneous notion of Herodotus, who states that this animal "does not move the lower jaw, and is the only creature which brings the upper one down to the lower," did not originate with the Egyptians : but we are not surprised at this assertion, when we recollect how easily the motion of the head of the crocodile is mistaken for that of the upper jaw. Like other animals, it moves the lower jaw only, but when seizing its prey, the head being thrown up, gives the appearance of motion in the upper jaw, and readily leads those who see it into this erroneous conclusion. t The game of ball † was not confined to children, or to either sex, though the mere amusement of throwing and catching it appears to have been considered more particularly adapted to females. ‡ They had different methods of playing. S Sometimes a person unsuccessful in catching the ball was obliged to suffer another to ride on her back, who continued to enjoy this post until she also missed it the ball being thrown by an opposite party, mounted in the same manner, and placed at a certain distance, according to the space previously fixed by the players; and, from the position and office of the person who had failed, it is not Herod. ii. 68. Pliny says painting and the game of ball were invented in Egypt: Pythus pilam lusoriam, Gyges Lydius picturam in Egypto." Lib. vii. 56. Not so with the Romans. J. Poll., Onom. ix. c. 7., describes various games of ball; and a sort of cockfight with quails. improbable that the same name was applied to her as to those in the Greek game, who were called Ovo (asses), and were obliged to submit to the commands of the victor.* No. 302 1 Playing the game of ball mounted on each others backs. Beni Hassan. No. 302. a. Throwing up and catching one, two, and three balls. 1 Beni Hassan. Sometimes they showed their skill in catching three or more balls in succession, the hands occasionally crossed over the breast; and the more * J. Poll. ix. 7. “ Ο μεν ηττωμενος όνος εκαλείτο, και παν εποιεί το |