not fo conveniently take away the opium; but every perfon, upon trial, will be the best judge. Children may with eafe be foon taught to make the incifions, and take off the opium; fo that the expence will be found exceedingly trifling. "The Imall white feeds in that ftate will be found very fweet and pleafant, and may Be eat without the leaft danger; and it is the custom in the east to carry a plate of them to the table, after dinner, with other fruits. "I intend this year to keep apart a fmall quantity of opium from each coloured poppy, to find out if any one more than another produces the greateft quantity, or of the greatest strength; and fhall fave feeds of each, to fow feparately the next spring. "I am of opinion, that numbers of inclosures taken from hills in a fouth afpect, with a very little expence, may be brought into a proper ftate for the growth of poppies. "I fhould think that an inftrument may be made of a concave form, with four or five pointed lances, about the twelfth or fourteenth part of an inch, to make the incifions at once; and likewife fomething of the rake-kind, fo that the three drills which I have directed to be made in each bed, may be performed at the fame time. By a calculation which I have made, fuppofing one poppy, grow. ing in one fquare foot of earth, and producing only one grain of opiuin, more than fifty pounds will be collected from off one ftatute acre of land; but, upon recollect ing that one poppy produces from three, four, to ten heads, and in each from fix to ten incifions are made; and I am pofitive, from many of them (I mean one incifion) the laft year, I took away two or three 1796. I 8IR1 HAVE this day fent you, by the coach from Bridgewater, the opium which I promifed you; and take this opportunity of in forming you refpecting the poppies. If you recollect, I was fearful that the tranfplanted ones would not anfwer, and am now convinced, having a large quantity of poppies which had fown themfelves: when of a proper fize, I tranfplanted about four thousand in beds, but not one fingle plant came to per, fection; therefore, fhall never tranfplant any more; and, not hav ing faved any feeds the last year, owing to my not being at home at the proper time, I could not fow any. The bed where the poppies had fown themfelves was five hundred and feventy-fix feet fquare, from which I collected about four ounces of opium, notwithstanding the plants were very thick; and, to thew you the advantage of giving them fufficient room, from fome few plants which were detached, I took from Afteen to thirty-four grains: thefe had fown themselves on ground that had been well ma nured with rotten dung, which points out the utility of good cul tivation: the femi-double, and thofe of a dark colour, produced the moft opium. The pods fhould be about the size of a walnut, before you make the incifion; the dried poppy-heads which I had K from On the MEANS of making BREAD from RICE alone. [Inferted in the fifth Volume of the REPERTORY of ARTS and MANUFACTURES, and taken from the JOURNAL des SCIENCES, des LET TRES, et des ARTS.] "T "HE art of making bread from rice, though much fpoken of, feems to be very little known. In Chomel's dictionary it is faid that bread may be made of rice, but there is no account of the means by which it is to be done. The book called La Maison Ruftique goes rather farther; for, it informs us that this kind of bread is made by mixing together the flour of rye and that of rice. The first of thefe books therefore may be confidered as faying nothing, fince it is abfo lutely impoffible to make bread of the four of rice (which is harfli and dry, like fand or afhes), by treating it in the manner in which wheatflour is treated. The manner of ufing rice-flour defcribed in the fecond book, is but an uncertain remedy in case of want; for, if we have no rye, we cannot, according to that book, make ufe of rice-flour for making bread, because an equal quantity of rye-flour is faid to be neceflary for that purpose; and confequently, in countries where no rye is grown, it would be impoffible to make bread of rice, however great the want of bread might be. "I therefore think it my duty to fupply fupply that information which is wanting in the two books above mentioned, by defcribing a method by which excellent bread may be made from rice alone, which method I learned from the natives of America. "The first thing to be done to the rice is, to reduce it into flour; this may be done by grinding it in a mill, or, if we have not a mill, it may be done in the following manner. Let a certain quantity of water be heated in a faucepan or caldron; when the water is near boiling, let the rice we mean to reduce into flour be thrown into it: the veffel is then to be taken off the fire, and the rice left to foak till the next morning. It will then be found at the bottom of the water, which is to be poured off, and the rice put to drain upon a table placed in an inclined pofition. When it is dry, it must be beat to powder, and paffed through the fineft fieve that can be procured. "When we have brought the rice into flour, we must take as much of it as may be thought neceffary, and put it into the kneading-trough in which bread is generally made. At the fame time we must heat fome water in a faucepan or other veffel, and, having thrown into it fome handfuls of rice, we must let them boil together for fome time: the quantity of rice must be fuch as to render the water very thick and glutinous. When this glutinous matter is a little cooled, it must be poured upon the rice-flour, and the whole must be well kneaded together, adding thereto a little falt, and a proper quantity of leaven. We are then to cover the dough with warm cloths, and to let it ftand that it may rife. During the fermentation, this paste (which, when kneaded, must have such a proportion of flour as to render it pretty firm), becomes fo foft and liquid, that it feems impoffible it fhould be formed into bread: it is now to be treated as follows. When the dough is rifing, the oven must be heated; and, when it is of a proper degree of heat, we must take a ftew-pan of tin, or copper tinned, to which is fixed a handle of fufficient length to reach to the end of the oven. A little water must be put into this ftewpan, which muft then be filled with the fermented paste, and covered with cabbage or any other large leaves, or with a fheet of paper. When this is done, the few-pan is to be put into the oven, and pushed forward to the part where it is intended the bread fhall be baked; it must then be quickly turned upfide down. The heat of the oven acts upon the pafte in fuch a way as to prevent its fpreading, and keeps it in the form the ftew-pan has given it. "In this manner pure rice-bread may be made; it comes out of the oven of a fine yellow colour, like paftry which has yolk of eggs over it. It is as agreeable to the taste as to the fight; and may be made ufe of, like wheat-bread, to put into broth, &c. I must however obferve, that it lofes its goodness very much as it becomes ffale. "It may be here remarked, that the manner in which Indian corn is ufed in France, for making bread, can only produce (and does in fact produce) very bad dough, and of courfe very bad bread. To employ it advantageously, it fhould be treated like rice, and it may then be ufed, not only for making bread, but alfo for paftry." ODE for the NEW YEAR. By HENRY JAMES PYE, ESQ. POET LAUREAT. 1. HERE is immortal Virtue's meed, W Th' unfading wreath of true renown, Beft recompence by Heav'n decreed Remorfelefs Faction's harpy rage? But the fell Dæmons, urg'd by Hell's beheft, II. Yet not, imperial George at thee E'en fiends that Crown with rev'rence fee No at thy bofom's fondeft claim, Thy Britain's peace their fhafts, they aim. War's bloody banners are unfurl'd, Beheld our coafts from ravage free, Protected by the guardian fea, Where Commerce fpreads her golden ftores, Where fleets waft triumph to our fhores; She faw; and, fick'ning at the fight,. With'd the fair profpect of our hopes to blight; Sought out, the object of our dearest care,. Found where we moft could feel, and try'd to wound us there, For there our fon's remotest race, In deathless characters, shall trace How Britain's baffled foes proclaim'd their hate, IV. Now ftrike a livelier chord-This happy day, To celeb ate a name to Britain dear, That crown thine own ambrofial May. Bid the loud ftrains of martial triumph cease, [149] The INFLUENCE of POETICAL PERSONIFICATIONS and ALLEGORIES on IMITATIVE ART and MORAL HAPPINESS, and the Effect of that frigid SOPHISTRY which abounds in modern PHILOSOPHICAL and DIDACTIC POEMS. [From the PROGRESS of CIVIL SOCIETY, A DIDACTIC POEM, by RICHARD PAYNE KNIGHT.] ENCE Greece her Mufes into being brought, Infpiring goddeffes of genial fong, To whom all arts that polith life belong; And as their leader's beams, where'er they glow, K 3 |