delphia and New York, which is a great inconvenience to strangers. The shop are well supplied with every luxury, and the inhabitants carry on a great trade with the Western States, the West Indies, aud most parts of the world. In 1816 the foreign entries were 533, and coastwise 401. The shipping owned in this port, In 1790 amounted to 18,564 tons. In 1798 59,837 do. In 1805 In 1810 72,210 do. ...103,444 do. tus, is situated nearly in the centre of the Western country. Its general appearance is clean and handsome, not to say elegant. Forty years since, it was the resort of Indians, and the surrounding country a wilderness, full of wild beasts and savages. The streets are laid out at right lines, after the manner of Philadelphia. Their general width is sixty-six feet; the principal streets are neatly paved with brick foot-paths, Baltimore schooners are allowed to be and pumps are placed for general ac the first in the world. commodation. The number of public buildings and dwellings in July, 1815, were [was] 1100, and the population at that time was estimated at 6000; since that time there has The merchants here are a most enterprizing set of men, and many individuals are concerned in the privateering carried on by the South Americau patriots. Baltimore can boast of several hand-been a regular influx of New Englanders, some public edifices. The people, who are a mixed race of French, Irish, Scotch, English, Germans, and their de» scendants, appear very healthy, and are noted for their hospitality and staunch republicanism. There are many blacks, in Baltimore, both freemen and slaves. The City of Washington is rapidly increasing in size as well as in the number and beauty of its buildings. Those unfinished public edifices, which were destroyed by General Ross and Admiral Cockburn, have been either re-erected, or are now re-building with increased splendour. Here is a noble naval-yard, at which ships of the largest class can be built; while our author was here, a 90 gun-ship was on the stocks. It is in contemplation to erect an university on a suitable scale, for students from all parts of the Union. The population of Washington, in 1810, was 8,208. From Washington, Mr. Palmer Pro ceeded by land to Pittsburgh, the capital and emporium of the western country, where he embarked in a Kentucky boat to Cincinnati. The state of the country, prices of farms and provisions, &c. are carefully specified, and much useful commercial, and statistical information is communicated. As Cincinnati is the capital of the state of Ohio, (which state 25 years ago contained only a few thousand inhabitants, and is now well settled by a population of half a million of whites), we shall extract a few particulars relative to this city. Cincinnati, which derives its name from the celebrated Roman Cincinna Kentuckiaus, Virginians, British, French, Mr. Palmer has given an interesting account of the manufactures of Cincinnati, for which we must refer to his volume. Its commerce is considerable. The exports of Cincinnati consist of flour, corn, beaf, pork, butter, lard, bacon; whiskey, peach brandy, beer, porter; pot and pearl ashes; cheese, soap, candles; hats, hemp, spun yarn, saddles, rifles, cherry and black ash boards, staves and scantling, cabinet furniture and chairs. East India and European goods are imported from Baltimore and Philadelphia by way of Pittsburg. Lead is procured from St Louis. Rum, sugar, molasses, and some dry goods are received from New Orleans; salt from various salt works in the vicinity; coal from Pittsburg. The public buildings are of brick, Much atand elegantly constructed. tention is paid to education, for which respectable provision is made, partly by the state, and partly by subscription. The climate is healthy, if we may judge from the appearance of the inhabitants: at this season (July) the mornings and evenings are delightful, mid-day hot, but not too hot to do any out-door work. The American inhabitants say they have more cloudy weather than New England expe riences; this may proceed from the rivers, lakes, hills, and uncleared forests, by which they are surrounded. The winters are short and pleasant. through the day.) At eleven o'clock, three companies of volunteers, (consisting of a rifle corps, and two companies of infantry, one a five company, just raised, called the The manners of most of the inhabitants Cincinnati guards) assembled near the landare social and refined, without jealousy of ing, and accompanied by many citizens, foreigners (which is sometimes the case two and two, marched in procession to the with the ignorant or interested, in the Presbyterian Church, the baud playing, eastern and middle states) they are pleased Hail Columbia! Yankee Doodle! &c. the to see a respectable European settle amongst church was crowded; numbers of wellthem. Many cultivate the fine arts, paint-dressed females occupied the front seats. ing, engraving, and music. With few ex-The ceremony commenced with an appro ceptions we found the English language spoken with purity (as indeed it is in most parts of the States, there being no county, and hardly any state dialects.) Though some of the labourers and mechanics are 66 great amateurs of whiskey," they are a sober class of people. Our author saw but one single instance of intoxication, while he was here; and that occurred on the fourth of July (the Anniversary of American Independence), which he observes, for an American, amounts almost to excuse. The inhabitants dress much in the English fashion, and occasionally amuse themselves with theatrical performances. Concerning the ability of these, Mr. Palmer does not give an opinion, but they elicit from him an observation which is highly honourable to his head, and to his heart. Although I am not disposed to censure innocent amusements, yet as plays are conducted (and perhaps, to pay the performers, must be conducted,) I certainly think they do the cause of morality much harm, and ought not to be admitted, especially in a new country like this. The propensity to laughter is often encouraged at the expense of age and infirmity, the audience are grossly flattered at every convenient oppor tunity, double entendres of no very chaste conceits are introduced, with stupid and unnatural scenes of love, running away from cruel parents, swearing, &c.; all evidently tending to demoralize. priate prayer and psaim; then the declaration of independence (as made by the colonists) was read; after which, au impressive national hymn was sung by the whole congregation, the chorus repeating at the end of each stanza: Fathers, sires, heroes brave, Who fought and bled for liberty, When first the sun o'er ocean glow'd, Poise the earth, and rule the sea! As the Anniversary of American dependence was celebrated, during his residence at Cincinnati, with much energy,' we shall conclude our notice of Mr. Palmer's Travels for the present, with the following account of that national festival. To be continued.] * A similar ceremony to the above described, is performed on the 4th of July, in every viilage, town, and city, in the United States The largest church, it is no consideration what religion, is used, with permission, for the occa The morning was ushered in by bands of music parading the streets, and firing of cannon, (which continued at intervalssion. friendly aid to the Asylum for the Edu Discourses on various points of Chris-cation of the Deaf and Dumb Children tian Faith, and Practice. By Thomas H. Gallaudet, principal of the Connecticut Asylum, in the United States of America, for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. 8vo. 7s. Hatchard, London. 1818. of the Poor, where more than 150 are now under instruction. that it must be for ever cut off from journey through the thorny world upon which it has entered. How many experiments must be made before its novel language can be understood! How often must its instruction be attempted before the least improvement can take place! How imperfect, after every effort, must this improvement be! Who shall shape its future course through life? Who shall provide it with sources of intellectual comfort? Who shall explain to it the invisible realities of a fu ture world? Ah! my hearers, I could thers and mothers, think what would be Parents, make the case your own! Fayour feelings, were the son of your expectations, or the daughter of your hopes, to be found in this unhappy condition! The lamp of reason already lights its infant eye; THESE discourses were, for the most the smile of intelligence plays upon its part, delivered in the Chapel of the countenance; its little hand is stretched Oratoire at Paris, in the spring of 1816, forth in significant expression of its wants; while the author was there engaged, the delightful season of prattling converse under the auspices of the venerable Abbé has arrived; but its artless lispings are in Sicard and his pupil Clere, in qualifying voice of maternal affection falls unheard vain anticipated with paternal ardour; the himself for the instruction of an unfortunate, and too long neglected class of misfortune, and its look and gesture soon on its ear; its silence begins to betray its his (American) countrymen, the Deaf prove, and Dumb. Several Englishmen, and colloquial intercourse with man, and that Americans, who had been taught in parental love must labour under unextheir own lands to venerate the Sabbath-pected difficulties, in preparing it for its day, having requested Mr. Gallaudet to become their temporary preacher in the chapel of the Oratoire, (the use of which was liberally granted to them,) he acceded to their wishes, and delivered the sermons which form the chief part of the publication now before us. They are discourses of no ordinary merit; they discuss the most important points of Christian Faith and practice, concisely, indeed, but with such perspicuity, comprehensiveness and earnestness, as render them a valuable assistant to those who devote a part of the Sunday to private devotional reading, or to the instruction of their families. Numerous animated and impressive passages offered themselves for extraction, for which we have not room. The last discourse, which was delivered at the opening of the Connecticut Asylum for educating the Deaf and Dumb, possesses very superior merit. Its avowed design is, to state the several advantages likely to arise from the establishment of this asylum, and to propose several motives, which should inspire those interested in its welfare with renewed zeal, and with hopes of ultimate success. From this eloquent and pathetic sermon, we select one single extract, and shall rejoice if the perusal of it shall lead any of our readers, who may not be apprised of the existence of a similar institution in this metropolis, to contribute their Vo L. VIII. No. 49, Lit. Pan. N. S. Oct 1. spread before you scenes of a mother's an- But there is a sickness more dreadful R 2 having the scope of its vision terminated by the narrow horizon of human life, it stretches into the endless expanse of eternity;-instead of looking, with contracted gaze, at the little circle of visible objects, with which it is surrounded, it rises to the majestic contemplation of its own immortal Infinite and Supreme Intelligence, and to the ineffable displays of his goodness in the wonders of redeeming love. Considerations on the Origin, Progress, and present State of the English Bankrupt Laws, with reference to their existing defects, humbly submitted to the Select Committee of the House of Commons, appointed to consider of the Bankrupt Laws. By John Coles, Esq. 8vo. 10s. 6d. boards. Maxwell, London, 1818. than that of the body; there are chains more galling than those of the dungeonthe immortal mind preying upon itself, and so imprisoned as not to be able to unfold its intellectual and moral powers, and to attain to the comprehension and enjoyment of those objects, which the Creator has designed as the sources of its highest ex-existence, to the sublime conception of an pectations and hopes. Such must often be the condition of the uninstructed deaf and dumb! What mysterious darkuess must sadden their souls! How imperfectly can they account for the wonders that surround them! Must not each one of them, in the language of thought, sometimes say, "What is it that makes me differ from my fellow men? Why are they so much my superiors? What is that strange mode of com. municating, by which they understand each other with the rapidity of lightning, and which enlivens their faces with the brightest expressions of joy? Why do I not possess it; or why can it not be communicated to me? What are those mysterious characters, over which they pore with such incessant delight, and which seem to gladden the hours that pass by me so sad and cheerless? What mean the ten thousand customs, which I witness in the private circles and the public assemblies, and which possess such mighty influence over the conduct and feelings of those around me? And that termination of life; that placing in the cold bosom of the earth, those whom I have loved so long and so tenderly; how it makes me shudder!-What is death? Why are my friends thus laid by and forgotten? Will they never revive from this strange slumber? Shall the grass always grow over them? Shall I see their faces no more for ever? And must I also thus cease to move, and fall into an eternal sleep?" THAT the bankrupt laws, now in existence are inadequate to the purposes for which they were designed, is acknowledged by all those, who are sufficiently acquainted with the subject, and is confirmed by melancholy experience. That some remedies ought to be applied, is equally acknowledged. That some remedies will hereafter be attempted, we have every reason to expect. It is said to be the design of government, that the subject should undergo a full and enlarged discussion, during the next session of parliament. To all who are interested in the discussion of the subject, the work before us will be found of eminent service. We have never seen so full, clear, and luminous an arAnd these are the meditations of an im-rangement of the general practice of the mortal mind-looking through the grates of bankrupt laws, in so interesting and its prison-house upon objects, on which agreeable a form. Theory and practice the ray of Revelation shed no light, but all of which are obscured by the shadows of are mutually combined; so as to be usedoubt, or shrowded in the darkest gloom ful, not only to the politician and memof ignorance. And this mind may be set ber of parliament, but also to the comfree; may be enabled to expatiate through mon practitioner,-indeed, to every perthe boundless fields of intellectual and mo- son, who wishes to become acquainted ral research; may have the cheering doc- with this branch of our jurisprudence, trines of life and immortality, through To the practitioner this work will be Jesus Christ, unfolded to its view; may be highly useful; as we conceive that many led to understand who is the author of its of the hints and improvements suggested, being-what are its duties to him-how its offences may be pardoned how its may hereafter be adopted. Upon the affections may be purified through the in- whole, the work is well arranged, writfluences of the Spirit-how it may at last ten with neatness, and even elegance, gain the victory over death, and triumph and does much credit to the judgement, over the horrors of the grave. Instead of industry, and talents of the author. The Practical Abridgement of the Laws Charles Pope. Large 8vo. £1. 15s. ried coastwise, or to the quantum of duties, drawbacks, bounties or premiums to be paid or allowed. Such miscellaneous matters have likewise been added, as the information of intelligent mercantile men, and the author's long experience, have suggested to him as valuable. Altogether, this is the completest manual of Mercantile Law which has ever issued from the British press; and the variety, extent, and accuracy of the information it contains, claim for it a place on the desk of every mercantile man, as well as every officer of the customs and excise, throughout the British dominions. Melancholy Effusions, with a few Miscellanies. By W. Weaver. Foolscap 8vo. Simpkin and Marshall. London, 1818. TWICE have we already had occasion to give the willing meed of our approbation to Mr. Pope's valuable and important publication.* The favourable reception given to his labours has stimulated him to render them more worthy of public patronage, and the result is the present greatly improved edition. The additions which are introduced in it, comprise all the acts of parliament passed during the last session, relative to the various subjects discussed by our author, the whole of the laws concernTHE author of these Effusions, deing the intercourse reciprocally carried on with the British West Indies, Fo- signates himself a private in the Third reign West Indies, British America, the Regiment of Foot Guards. They are United States, and South America,-introduced by an affectionate dedication the laws relating to pilots and pilotage to his son, from which we learn, that with the rates payable for the same,they the duties of pilotage, scavage and baillage, the East India, West India, London, Rotherhithe, and Bristol dock rates, together with all the officially promulgated acts of parliament, and bye laws respecting the docks, piers, lights, and harbour of Liverpool; and (what we regard as one of the most important additions) the American navigation laws and tariff. For the greater convenience of reference, Mr. Pope has divided his book into Titles and Rules. To the leading titles he has prefixed remarks, tending to elucidate the general arrangement and impart other useful information; and he has also judiciously enlarged the general index, so as to shew at one view, the various ramifications belonging to each article or place. Another important feature in this edition is, the introduction of the whole of the present regulations of customs and excise, relative to the trade between Great Britain and all parts of the world, either as to the mode in which goods may be imported, warehoused, or car See Lit. Pan. O. S. vol. XII. p. 200, and vol. XV. p. 733. were not written in the shades of retirement, where the mind has ample room to expand, nor with a heart unruffled by distress; but in the bustle of a barrack-room, exposed to the jeers and obscenity of his comrades, and with a bosom absorbed in sadness and sorrow.” Unfavourable as such a situation must be to the cultivation of the Muses, A New Latin Primer, or Companion ALTHOUGH in our number for July, manner. |