A Federal department of Education, Federal aid for the removal of illiteracy and the increase of teachers' salaries;

Instruction of the youth and the newcomer to our shores in the duties and ideals of citizenship;

Vocational training in home economics;

Federal supervision of the marketing and distribution of food, the enactment and enforcement of such measures as will open the channels of trade. prevent excess profits, and eliminate unfair competition and control of the necessities of life; The establishment of a Woman's Bureau in the Department of Labor to deter mine standards and policies which will improve working conditions for women and increase their efficiency;

The appointment of women in the Mediation and Conciliation Service and on any industrial commissions and tribunals which may be created;

The establishment of a joint Federal and State employment service with women's departments under the directica of qualified women;

The merit system in the Civil Service free from discrimination on account of sex with a wage scale determined by skill demanded for the work and in no wise below the cost of living as established by official investigation;

Appropriation to carry on a campaign against venereal diseases and for public education in sex hygiene.

Federal legislation permitting an American born woman to retain her citizenship while resident in the United States, though married to an alien.

And, further, that an alien woman who marries an American citizen must take the obligation of citizenship before she can become a citizen.

ECONOMY IN ADMINISTRATION.

We believe in the Budget system and we stand for economy in governmental administration. There should be a reduction in boards, committees, commissions and offices which consume taxes and increase expenses.

LABOR AND INDUSTRY.

We stand for industrial peace. We believe the time has come for the government to assume responsibility for the protection of the public against the waste and terror of industrial warfare and to that end we demand legislation defining the rights of labor and the creation of industrial courts, which will guarantee to labor and employing capital equal and exact justice, and to the general public protection against the paralysis of industry due to this warfare.

PROFITEERING.

The Prohibition party pledges the nation to rid it of the profiteer and to close the door against his return. It will endeavor to eliminate all unnecessary middlemen by the encouragement of organizations among producers that will bring those who sell and those who use nearer together. It will enact and enforce laws needful to effectively prevent excessive charges by such middlemen. To this end it will demand legislation subjecting to the penalties of the criminal law all corporate officers and employes who give or carry out instructions that result in extortion; it will make it unlawful for anyone engaged in Interstate Commerce to make the sale of one article dependent upon the purchase of another article and it will require such corporation to disclose to customers the difference between cost price and selling price or limit the profit that can be legally charged as the rate of interest is now limited.

AGRICULTURE.

We pledge our aid to the farmer in working out a plan to equalize prices to secure labor, and to organize a system of co-operative marketing, including public terminals. mills and storage for the purpose of encouraging agriculture and securing for the farmer such return as will tend to increase product on.

We favor such extension of the parcel post as will further facilitate the direct traffic between the producer and consumer.

PRESIDENTIAL QUALIFICATIONS.

The qualifications for President stated in the Constitution have to do with age and citizenship. We call attention to the fact that of greater importance are those not so stated referring to moral, intellectual and spiritual endowments. The President of the United States in his daily life, his home and family relationships, and in his official career, is expected to typify the finest and best the country can produce. He is the leader of the nation. The moral force and power of his example are immeasurable. No man or woman should ever be elected to the high office who is out of harmony with the purpose of the people or who lacks sympathy with their highest and holiest ideals, and with the Christian principles upon which the nation was founded.

LAW AND ORDER.

A crying evil of the day is the general lax enforcement of law. Without obedience to law and maintenance of order our American institutions must perish.

The Prohibition party now, as ever, pledges impartial enforcement of all law.

CONCLUSION.

In this national and world crisis, the Prohibition party reminds the people of its long time faithfulness and its wisdom, proved by the many reforms which it was the first to advocate; and on its record as the oldest minority party-one which has never sold its birthright for a mess of pottage but throughout the years has stood for the best interests of the country-it asks the favorable consideration of the voters, believing that by its support they can make it necessary for all political organizations to come up to a higher level and to render a finer quality of service. It pledges itself resolutely to stand for the right and oppose the wrong and dauntlessly to lead in the advocacy of righteous and patriotic principles. On its record and on this Declaration of Principles it submits its case to the American people.

*THE FARMER-LABOR.

THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE.

Chairman-John H. Walker, 728 Illinois Mine Workers Building, Springfield. Illinois.

Secretary and Treasurer-Jay G. Brown, 166 West Washington Street, Chicago, Illinois.

Headquarters-166 West Washington Street, Chicago, Illinois.

Members, National Committee from Pennsylvania-Charles Kutz, Altoona, Blair County; Georgia Morton, Berwick, Columbia County.

THE NATIONAL CONVENTION

convened at Carmen's Hall, Chicago, Illinois, Saturday, July 10, 1920, and adjourned July 14th. Max Hayes, of Cleveland, Ohio, was made temporary chairman; and John H. Walker, of Chicago, Illinois, was made the permanent chairman. Nominated for President: Parley P. Christensen, of Salt Lake City. Utah; for Vice-President: Max S. Hayes, of Cleveland, Ohio. Adopted on July 14th the following

PLATFORM:

The American Declaration of Independence, adopted July 4, 1776, states that governments are instituted to secure to the people the rights of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness and that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed.

Democracy cannot exist unless all power is preserved to the people. excuse for the existence of government is to serve, not to rule, the people.

The only

In the United States of America, the power of government, the priceless and inalienable heritage of the people, has been stolen from the people-has been siezed by a few men who control the wealth of the nation and by the tools of these men. maintained by them in public office to do their bidding.

The administrative offices of the government and congress are controlled by the financial barons-even the courts have been prostituted- and the people as a result of this usurpation have been reduced to economic and industrial servitude.

Under the prevailing order in the United States, wealth is monopolized by a few and the people are kept in poverty, while costs of living mount until the burden of providing the necessaries of life is well-nigh intolerable.

Having thus robbed the people first of their power and then of their wealth, the wielders of financial power, seeking new fields of exploitation, have committed the government of the United States, against the will of the people, to imperialistic policies and seek to extend these enterprises to such lengths that our nation today stands in danger of becoming an empire instead of a republic.

Just emerging from a war which we said we fought to extend democracy to the ends of the earth, we find ourselves helpless while the masters of our government. who are also the masters of industry and commerce, league themselves with the masters of other nations to prevent self-determination by helpless people and to exploit and rob them, notwithstanding that we committed ourselves to guaranty of self-government for all such peoples.

Following the greedy spectacle of the peace conference, the money-masters feared an awakening of the people which threatened to exact for mankind those benefits for which the war was said to have been fought. Thereupon these masters, in the

In Pennsylvania the Farmer-Labor Party was known as

the Labor Party.

United States, through their puppets in public office, in an effort to stifle free discussion, stripped from the inhabitants of this land, rights and liberties guaranteed under American doctrines on which this country was founded and guaranteed also by the Federal Constitution.

These rights and liberties must be restored to the people.

More than this must be done. All power to govern this nation must be restored to the people. This involves industrial freedom, for political democracy is only an empty phrase without industrial democracy. This can not be done by superficial, palliative measures such as are, from time to time, thrown as sops to the voters by the Republican and Democratic parties. Patchwork cannot repair the destruction of democracy wrought by these two old parties. Reconstruction is necessary.

The invisible government of the United States maintains the two old parties to confuse the voters with false issues. These parties, therefore can not seriously attempt reconstruction, which, to be effective, must smash to atoms the money power of the proprietors of the two old parties.

two

Into this breach step the amalgamated groups of forward looking men and women who perform useful work with hand and brain, united in the Farmer-Labor Party of the United States by a spontaneous and irresistable impulse to do righteous battle for democracy against its despoilers, and more especially determined to netion together because of the exceptionally brazen defiance shown by th old parties in the selection of their candidates and the writing of their platforms in this campaign. This party, financed by its rank and file and not by big business, sets about the task of fundamental reconstruction of democracy in the United States, to restore all power to the people and to set up a governmental structure that will prevent seizure, henceforth, of that power by a few unscrupulous men. The reconstruction proposed is set forth in the following platform of national issues, to which all candidates of the Farmer-Labor party are pledged:

100 PER CENT AMERICANISM.

Restoration of civil liberties and American doctrines and their preservation inviolate, including free speech, free press, free assemblage, right of asylum, equal opportunity, and trial by jury; return of the Department of Justice to the functions for which it was created, to the end that laws may be enforced without favor and without discrimination; amnesty for all persons imprisoned because of their patriotic insistence upon their constitutional guarantees, industrial activities or religious beliefs; repeal of all so-called "espionage," "sedition," and "criminal syndicalist" laws; protection of the right of all workers to strike, and stripping from the courts of powers unlawfully usurped by them and used to defeat the people and foster big business, especially the power to issue anti-labor injunctions and to declare unconstitutional laws passed by Congress.

To Americanize the federal courts, we demand that federal judges be elected for terms not to exceed four years, subject to recall.

As Americanism means democracy, suffrage should be universal. We demand immediate ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment and full, unrestricted political rights for all citizens, regardless of sex, race, color or creed, and for civil service employes.

Democracy demands also that the people be equipped with the instruments of the initiative, referendum and recall, with the special provision that war may not be declared except in cases of actual military invasion, before referring the question to a direct vote of the people.

ABOLISH IMPERIALISM AT HOME AND ABROAD.

Withdrawal of the United States from further participation (under the treaty of Versailles) in the reduction of conquered peoples to economic or political subjection to the small groups of men who manipulate the bulk of the world's wealth; refusal to permit our government to aid in the exploitation of the weaker people of the earth by these men; refusal to permit use of the agencies of our government (through dollar diplomacy or other means), by the financial interests of our country to exploit other peoples, including emphatic refusal to go to war with Mexico at the behest of Wall Street; recognition of the elected government of the Republic of Ireland and of the government established by the Russian people; denial of assistance financial, military, or otherwise, for foreign armies invading these countries, and an embargo on the shipment of arms and ammunition to be used against the Russian or Irish people; instant lifting of the blockade against Russia; recognition of every government set up by people who wrest their sovereignty from oppressors, in accordance with the right of self-determination for all peoples: abolition of secret treaties and prompt publication of all diplomatic documents received by the State Department; withdrawal from imperialistic enterprises upon which we already have embarked (including the dictatorship we exercise in varying degrees

over the Philippines, Hawaii, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Porto Rico, Cuba, Samoa and (Guam); and prevention of the imposition upon the people of the United States of any form whatever of conscription, military or industrial, or of military training.

We stand committed to a league of free peoples, organized and pledged to destruction of autocracy, militarism and economic imperialism throughout the world and to bring about world-wide disarmament and open diplomacy, to the end that there shall be no more kings and no more wars.

DEMOCRATIC CONTROL OF INDUSTRY,

The right of labor to an increasing share in the responsibilities and management of industry; application of this principle to be developed in accordance with the experience of actual operation.

PUBLIC OWNERSHIP AND OPERATION.

Immediate repeal of the Esch-Cummins Law; public ownership and operation, with democratic control of all public utilities and natural resources, including stockyards, large abattoirs, grain-elevators, water-power, and cold-storage and terminal warehouses; government ownership and democratic operation of the railroads, mines and of such natural resources as are in whole or in part bases of control by special interests of basic industries and monopolies such as lands containing coal, iron, copper, oil, large water-power and commercial timber tracts; pipe lines and oil tanks; telegraph and telephone lines; and establishment of a public policy that no land (including natural resources) and no patents shall be held out of use for speculation or to aid monopoly; establishment of national and state owned banks where the money of the government must, and that of individuals may, be deposited; granting of credit to individuals or groups according to regulations laid down by Congress which will safeguard deposits.

We denounce the attempt to scuttle our great government-owned merchant marine and favor bringing ocean-going commerce to our inland ports.

PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURAL PROSPERITY.

Legislation that will effectively check and reduce the growth and evils of farm tenancy; establishment of public markets; extension of the Federal Farm Loan System, making personal credit readily available and cheap to farmers; maintenance of dependable transportation for farm products; organization of a state and national service that will furnish adequate advice and guidance to applicants for farms and to farmers already on the land; legislation to promote and protect farmers' and consumers' co-operative organizations conducted for mutual benefit; comprehensive studies of costs of production of farm and staple manufactured products and uncensored publication of facts found in such studies.

GOVERNMENT FINANCE.

We demand that economy in governmental expenditures shall replace the extravagance that has run riot under the present administration. The governmental expenditures of the present year of peace, as already disclosed, exceed $6,000,000,000or six times the annual expenditures of the pre-war period. We condemn and denounce the system that has created one war-millionaire for every three American soldiers killed in the war in France, and we demand that this war-acquired wealth shall be taxed in such a manner as to prevent the shifting of the burden of taxation to the shoulders of the poor in the shape of higher prices and of increased living costs.

We are opposed, therefore, to consumption taxes and to all indirect taxation for support of current operations of the government. For support of such current operations, we favor steeply graduated income taxes, exempting individual incomes amounting to less than $3,000 a year, with a further exemption allowance of $300 for every child under eighteen and also for every child over eighteen who may be pursuing an education to fit himself for life. In the case of state governments and of local governments we favor taxation of land value, but not of improvements or of equipment, and also sharply graduated taxes on inheritance.

REDUCE THE COST OF LIVING.

Stabilization of currency so that it may not fluctuate as at present, carrying the standard of living of all the people down with it when it depreciates; federal control of the meat packing industry: extension and perfection of the parcel post system to bring producer and consumer closer together; enforcing existing laws against profiteers, especially the big and powerful ones.

JUSTICE TO THE SOLDIERS.

We favor paying the soldier of the late war as a matter of right and not as charity, a sufficient sum to make their war-pay not less than civilian earnings. We denounce the delays in payment, and the inadequate compensation to disabled soldiers and sailors and their dependents, and we pledge such changes as will promptly and adequately give sympathetic recognition of their services and sacrifices.

LABOR'S BILL OF RIGHTS.

During the years that labor has tried in vain to obtain recognition of the rights of the workers at the hands of the government through the agencies of the Republican and Democratic parties, the principal demands of labor have been catalogued and presented by the representatives of labor, who have gone to convention after convention of the old parties to Congress after Congress of old-party office holders. These conventions and sessions of Congress have, from time to time, included in platforms and laws a few fragments of labor's program, carefully rewritten, however, to interpose no interference with the oppression of labor by private wielders of the power of capital. It remains for the Farmer-Labor party, the people's own party, financed by the people themselves, to pledge itself to the entire Bill of Rights of Labor, the conditions enumerated therein to be written into the laws of the land to b enjoyed by the workers, organized or unorganized, without the amelioration of a single word in the program. Abraham Lincoln said: " Labor is the superior of Capital, and deserves the highest consideration."

We pledge the application of this fundamental principle in the enactment and administration of legislation.

(a) The unqualified right of all workers including civil service employes, to organize and bargain collectively with employers through such representatives of their unions as they choose.

(b) Freedom from compulsory arbitration and all other attempts to coerce workers.

(c) A maximum standard 8-hour day and 44-hour week.

(d) Old age and unemployment payments and workmen's compensation to insure workers and their dependents against accident and disease.

(e) Establishment and operation, through periods of depression, of governmental work on housing, road-building, reforestation, reclamation of cut-over timber, desert and swamp lands and development of ports, waterways and water-power plants. (f) Re-education of the cripples of industry as well as the victims of war.

(g) Abolition of employment of children under sixteen years of age.

(h) Complete and effective protection for women in industry, with equal pay for equal work.

(i) Abolition of private employment, detective and strikebreaking agencies and extension of the federal free employment service.

(j) Prevention of exploitation of immigration and immigrants by employers. (k) Vigorous enforcement of the Seamen's Act, and the most liberal interpretation of its provisions. The present provisions for the protection of seamen and for the safety of the traveling public, must not be minimized.

(1) Exclusion from interstate commerce of the products of convict labor.

(m) A federal department of education to advance democracy and effectiveness in all public school systems throughout the country, to the end that the children of workers in industrial and rural communities may have maximum opportunity of training to become unafraid, well-informed citizens of a free country.