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traveling in the wilderness of America, was captured by a band of the natives. As they made ready to execute him, he uttered an exclamation in the Welsh language, when immediately an officer came up to him, embraced him, and assured him in his own language that his life should be spared. He then conducted the clergyman to that part of the country in which his own people resided, where he remained four months, "preaching the Gospel to them in the Welsh language, three times a week."* We re

*"A View of the Primitive Ages." By Theophilus Evans. Translated from the

Welsh, by Rev. George Roberts, Ebensburg,
Pa. Cavan & Scott, 1834. Pp. 6-7. This is

a very curious book.

gret that we are not informed as to the exact locality of this interesting settlement.

Such as we have here tried to present them, are the main facts and theories in regard to our aborigines. We leave the subject as we found it. It will likely be forever undetermined; for there can scarcely be any sources of information on the subject that have not been explored; but it will always have about it a certain charm of romance and mystery that will make it attractive to theorists to the end of time.

T. J. CHAPMAN.

GEORGE FREDERICK CALLAWAY: A DENVER MERCHANT.

GEORGE FREDERIC CALLAWAY, of the firm recently known as Callaway Brothers & Dingwall, wholesale queensware merchants of Denver, was born upon his father's farm near Laurel, Sussex county, Del., January 26, 1847.

The retirement of this firm from business is a tribute to their exceptional success in a business of which they were among the first in Colorado, and the leaders, so long as they choose to remain in the field of competition.

As capitalists, these brothers will continue to develop the resources of a State of which they are honorable and influential citizens.

66

When an uncle, the Rev. Henry Robert Callaway, a Methodist minister of the Philadelphia Conference, recently died, it was befittingly said that he was of good old-time Methodist parentage; their house the preacher's home; a soldier of Christ, true to an exalted sense of duty; a sound and stirring gospel preacher and an administrator of church affairs, possessing rare good judgment.”

This in an indication of the charac-
ter of the ancestry of the Callaways.
William Callaway, the great grand-
father, was a Methodist.
His son,
Wingate, in 1816, helped to build
Bethesda M. E. church, yet standing

at Laurel, Del. His son, John Wesley, belonged to this church until his death in 1847. He was the father, by his wife Eliza (Vaughan) Callaway, of the following living children:

William Francis, George Frederick, John Wilson, and Martha Ford. But his ancestors were prominent in State as well as church affairs. His father was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of Delaware, held in 1852-3.

Before the war, the father and grandfather were Democrats. When the war for the Union came, the father was a strong Union man and took a prominent part in public meetings held to create a Union sentiment, and for the purpose of supporting the Union army.

Mr. George F. Callaway joined the Methodist church himself in 1865. His official connection with Methodism in Colorado, commenced as one of the trustees of Lawrence street church, under the pastorate of the Rev. Dr. David H. Moore. Upon the organization of Trinity M. E. Church, he was elected one of its stewards. His name is to be found upon the records of all the transactions leading from the old Lawrence church to the building and completion and opening of Trinity and down to the present. A reference to these proceedings now

in my possession reveals the fact that he was one of the progressive as well as liberal members of the old organization as well as the new.

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The Callaways bear a singularly
significant surname. Under the head
of "Ancient Compounds," an Eng-
lish author classifies it as a union of
two old Anglo-Saxon words "Gil,"
meaning spirit and 'Wih," war.
Hence, "Gilwih," from which are
come, as variations in spelling, Gal-
way, Calway, Callaway, Galloway,
and Galoway.
Gilwih, or
the
war-spirit, was
name, therefore, added to the name
as a surname of the founder of this
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family in armour-bearing times.
has a sound of

Old, unhappy, far-off things,
And battles long ago.

There is mental as well as physical heredity. Fighting, with helmet, and shield, and pheon, in medæval days, was but an early stage of the war that is now waging, not "against flesh and blood, but against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places."

Such panoplied combatants in ancient times, and such spiritual warriors in modern days, were some of the members of this old family.

H. D. T.

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"How would you like to go to Chicago Lakes and to the top of Mount Rosalie ?"

Seated, one July evening, upon the verandah of the "Stanton" in Idaho Springs, and looking upward to the star-touched summit of Old Chief Mountain, upon which still lingered the deepening twilight of one of Colorado's matchless sunsets, our companion, Mr. George E. McClelland, mayor of the city, imparted great enthusiasm to the conversation by asking Major Towne and myself the above question. It recalled the locality made historical by Bierstadt's* painting, "A Storm in the Rocky Mountains."

The question also suggested the extraordinary pleasure of a horseback ride along Chicago Creek, whose waters flow over golden sand; through sunny glades and darksome ravines; up sinuous trails, shadowed by unbroken forests; trout fishing; restful nights in log cabins, or upon the moss-mattressed ground where the air comes to the sleeper from snowbanks in midsummer, through the

*Bierstadt's Visit to Colorado, by Hon. William Newton Byers. MAGAZINE OF WESTERN HISTORY, January, 1890.

spreading fronds of pine groves, and
hurried from contact with uncontam-
inated mountain lakes and rivers.

It is needless to say that we were
instant in season in accepting so
tempting an invitation, and the notes
of preparation were heard early the
next morning, July 24th, 1890. The
"mountain tramps" who were to com-
prise the party were: George E.
McClelland, the mayor of Idaho
Springs; Colonel John M. S. Egan,
representing the Walsh Brothers, of
St. Louis, owners of Chicago Lakes;
Mr. F. G. Burns, a prominent and
successful miner; Mr. John J. Sher-
win, the city druggist; Major A. N.
Towne; Jimmie, the faithful and com-
petent guide as well as "orderly" to
Col. Egan, and myself. Each was
well mounted and supplied with
"grub, powder and candles," camp
equipage, fishing tackle, and some
with Winchesters, anticipating game
in the forest and upon the moun-
tains.

The road, after leaving delightful
Idaho, passes along Chicago Creek
and up its changing course about six
miles. This is the highway to and
from many famous mines. The La-
martine, the Freeland
group, the

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broken, ragged clouds and lighting up, in moving streaks, the falling storm. On the left, a great, black mountain lifted its face of smooth, unbroken granite, down which ribbons of water from the last hard shower were flowing and reflecting back the sunshine."

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The first, or lower lake, was now in full view, clear and placid and lowlying at the mountain's base. This lake covers fifty-one acres and is 11,500 feet higher than the ocean.

The second or middle lake, is 600 feet higher and is reached by an easy ascent, from which the water descends in a foaming cascade. It occupies thirty-five acres.

The third, or upper lake, is 13,500 feet high. This is said to be the highest body of water on the continent. Its glass-like waters are too cold for the habitation of fish. But the middle and lower lakes are alive with mountain trout, caught easily at times, and warily at others. These minature seas should have been named the Hanging Lakes of Colorado. They are suspended in the heavens, far higher and more wonderful as the handiwork of the Eternal, than were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. My description gives but a faint conception of these lakes and the magnificence of their setting. These lofty basins seem intended by the Creator for the storage of water for the dwellers upon the rainless plains. The snow, rain and springs from the sides and caverns under the

mountains afford an inexhaustible supply to these lakes, whence a pure river of water, clear as crystal flows, that should subserve other purposes than to be merely a tributary to the polluted Platte, and to become, at the last, ditch water instead of drinking water for the citizens of Denver.

Bierstadt's visit was in 1863, before Hayden's geological survey, which occurred in 1872. Names had not, therefore. been given to the summits environing these beautiful, isolated bodies of water. Bierstadt was the first to designate one of these peaks by name, calling it Mount Rosalie, because it recalled and rivaled the splendor of Switzerland scenery. This name was given when Bierstadt and Byers stood awe-thrilled upon the table rock constituting the very pinnacle of Rosalie.

The afternoon of the 24th was spent in trout-fishing. Colonel Egan led off with the first catch, a onepound trout, followed by others less weighty. Towne landed several of the same kind, as did also McClelland, Burns and Sherwin. In this pastime we succeeded in providing meat for Our outing-fresh, broiled trout, which was most heartily enjoyed by

all.

The night was spent, by myself, in army-camp style. I preferred to sleep upon the ground rather than in the log cabin, where more comfortable quarters had been provided. Casting thick blankets upon the matted grass, near a large pine-log

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d an inexhaust

Lakes, whence a p ear as crystal flo -rve other purpose a tributary to th

d to become, at t stead of drinking

is of Denver.

as in 1863, befor

al survey, whi Names had not to the summits utiful, isolated erstadt was the of these peaks Mount Rosalie d rivaled the

and scenery hen Bierstadt hrilled upon ing the very

24th was lonel Egan

ch, a onethers less everal of

Clelland, pastime

neat for

trout,

ved by

self, in

d to

an in

fort

ded.

the

log

fire, and taking a saddle for my pil-
low, I was soon as fast locked up in
sleep

"As guiltless labor when it lies
Starkly in the traveler's bones."

I awoke just as the night of glory
began to withdraw before the coming
of a day of glory.

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'Kathleen Mavourneen,

The gray dawn is breaking."

It was the melodious singing of Col-
onel Egan, the strain issuing from the
chinks of the cabin. I walked down
to the lake's side in time to see the
first rays of an unseen sun touch the
summits of Rosalie and McClelland.
The bosom of the lake was like unto
a darkened sea, so hidden and deep
it lay in the bed nature had formed
for it in the dark-backward
abysm of time."

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and

Standing upon its grassy brink and looking down into its motionless and transparent bosom, the effects of a magnificent mirror were produced. In its depths were perfectly pictured the marginal mountains. There seemed to be no water there, but a crystal sea reflecting mountain peaks, now tinged with the glory of morning upon the continental divide. suggested a descent to the top of Rosalie instead of the ascent which was contemplated the very day upon which such a morning was dawning.

Our agreeable companions, Egan and Sherwin, preferring trout fishing to mountain scaling, determined to go no farther, but to spend the day

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at Middle Lake, while McClelland, Burns, Towne and myself proceeded on our predestined course towards the summit of Rosalie. McClelland rode a sure-footed steed, as “black as the steeds of night," taking the lead up the trackless steep over the foot of Mount Evans, thus indicating our course over this almost insurmountable barrier between Middle Lake and Bear Valley. By slow and somewhat uncertain steps the top of the ridge was reached. Burns was mounted upon his favorite saddlehorse, "Fred," a beautiful, sensible, dapple brown, young, but trained by his miner-master to treading mountain paths. Major Towne was borne aloft and along upon the back of a trusty bay, while it was my lot to be. relegated to a chestnut, sure of foot as a burro and true to her broncho blood. I learned to love and to caress Maud, an animal that seemed to study the way so as to carry me safely over rough places.

The sympathy of our jovial party was often extended to Major Towne in his efforts at mountain climbing. His horse, at times, had to be pulled up the trail by the dismounted Major, and held back going down. This was reversing the rule observed by my faithful friend, Burns, whose companionable horse allowed his master to hold on to his tail, and thus pulled his master up and over many a steep and difficult place.

Having reached the top we were richly rewarded with the bewildering

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