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erial acrobacy which is spectacular but which will subject those who indulge in it to prosecution and cause the cancellation of insurance policies.

Face p. 109

to issue insurances?

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Mr. Lough (R., Islington, W.): Has the right hon. gentleman made any arrangement with regard to insurances already made?

Mr. Runciman: The Government do not propose to take over any insurances already made. Lloyd's will be able to conduct their business if they can attract custom at cheaper rates than those provided by the Government.

An Hon. Member: Have any arrangements been made with regard to personal injuries?

Mr. Runciman: No, sir. We have not provided. for personal injury.

Mr. Price (R., Edinburgh, C.): Will the right hon. gentleman give the House an opportunity of considering these terms? Those connected with insurance see that many of them are very absurd.

Mr. Asquith: I will consider that.

Sir W. Pearce (R., Limehouse): Is the right hon. gentleman including risks of incendiary fires by enemy agents?

Mr. Peto (U., Devizes): How does this affect compensation already granted from insurance premiums in previous air raids or bombardments?

Mr. Runciman: In so far as compensation has already been granted, it obviously will not be interfered with. We do not provide against incendiary fires. We are only asked to provide a scheme against damage done by aircraft or bombardment.

On March 1st, 1917, a reduction of 50 per cent. of all premiums went into effect, subject to the minimum premium not being reduced below two shillings.

over 28,000,000, ▾ to put forward th liability for dam: life or property. panied by Dr. Ac

tions) and Sir D the Air Service).

ent.

The Lord May the deputation, sa the Government t

of national funds had suffered dama tacks of the enemy

The Lord May Government shou responsibility for

out of the defence ties did in the case

The Premier as thing about the s principles. Why adequate? That know.

The Mayors of spoke as to the da stated that the so

There

sure that it is comacts of the case, for ll, there is always a schemes known to always that they can such attacks. and factory owners es who are suffering, ho have got their all and it is just as imat factories must be re prosperous condintitled to protection. s always a complete could have insured akes a long time, as quainted with insuroring the benefits of ou want an army of asive tongues. We of thing in this war. nciple you have cerI should like to conand my suggestion say, two or three, at r, to be in communicular department or

as far as we can against the consequences of these barbarities, and we ought to do so without distinction of rich or poor. Therefore, in principle, I accept the case you have put before me on behalf of the Government, but I should like to consider the details further, and I invite you to meet and give me the names of three of your number with whom I can have further consultation."

In March, 1919, in the British House of Commons two M. P.'s, Mr. Kennedy Jones and Sir Herbert Nield, raised the question of aircraft and bombardment insurance. Mr. Bridgeman for the Government, informed the former that the moneys resulting from aircraft insurance in the hands of the various insurance companies who, on behalf of the Government, effected aircraft insurance were purely nominal, as they had been regularly paid over to the Government in monthly accounts in accordance with agreement. The excess of premium over payments, which amounted to over ten millions, has, of course, gone into the National Exchequer. To Sir Herbert Nield he replied that the War Risks Insurance Office could not state the aggregate sum received for premiums on Government insurance against damage by hostile aircraft and

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Lic TISK or damage by mines which drift on the coast.

In December, 1918, appeared the following item in an English publication:

A Damaged Church

All Saints' Church, St. Ives, Huntingdon, was seriously damaged last March by a British aeroplane colliding with the spire. The spire was cut in half, and two portions of it fell into the north and south aisles, causing great gaps in the roof and much internal damage. The aviator was killed.

The Government will pay £3,873 towards the cost of
repairing the church, leaving £3,216 to be provided.
As there is a population of only 3,015 the vicar, the
Rev. O. W. Wilde, and the churchwardens appeal to
the public for aid in restoring the beautiful fifteenth
century building.

In August, 1919, in the House of Commons,
Sir H. Nield, M. P., asked the President of the

by aircraft em]

ment is covered Policy, but dam aircraft other th

trol or ownershi

Aircraft D

Damages do

United States 1 ment. Damage ploy of compan panies.

The Aero P New York, was aircraft insuranc The premiums f ciently low to pe

Notes

of insurance.

tates and applied at the officials, conflict of Article I of the

ses 1, 3, and 10 of he Constitution will t extensive aerial for enforcing these

e United States is convenience of law

United States

consisted of a Pren that form was "Done s Consent of the States of September in the nd seven hundred and -endence of the United 1." The Constitution e first Wednesday in the original Constituhip in Congress, were: dt. and deputy from John Langdon, Nicho-Nathaniel Gorham, Wm. Saml. Johnson, -Alexander Hamilton.

Bassett. MARYLAND-James McHenry, Danl. Car-
roll, Dan. of St. Thos. Jenifer. VIRGINIA-John
Blair, James Madison, Jr. NORTH CAROLINA-Wm.
Blount, Hu. Williamson, Richd. Dobbs Spaight.
SOUTH CAROLINA-J. Rutledge, Charles Pinckney,
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Pierce Butler.
GEORGIA-William Few, Abr. Baldwin. Attest: WIL-
LIAM JACKSON, Secretary.

The Constitution was ratified by the thirteen original States in the following order:

Delaware, December 7, 1787, unanimously.
Pennsylvania, December 12, 1787, vote 46 to 23.
New Jersey, December 18, 1787, unanimously.
Georgia, January 2, 1788, unanimously.
Connecticut, January 9, 1788, vote 128 to 40.
Massachusetts, February 6, 1788, vote 187 to 168.
Maryland, April 28, 1788, vote 63 to 12.

South Carolina, May 23, 1788, vote 149 to 73.
New Hampshire, June 21, 1788, vote 57 to 46.
Virginia, June 25, 1788, vote 89 to 79.

New York, July 26, 1788, vote 30 to 28.
North Carolina, November 21, 1789, vote 193 to 75.
Rhode Island, May 29, 1790, vote 34 to 32.

THE CONSTITUTION
Preamble

We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this CONSTITUTION for the United States of America.

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