when proper at all, nothing can be more obvious, than that the conclusion of the discourse is the place, where it should be applied with the most pointed energy. In judicial trials the passions, which we are directed principally here to stimulate, are indignation and compassion; the former against our adversary, the latter in favor of our party. There is in Cicero's books upon invention a long catalogue of the various sources, from which topics may be derived to touch these two springs of action in the heart of man. They may be studied to good effect; but my limits here will allow only a general reference to them.

But whether pathos be or be not admissible into the conclusion of a discourse, recapitulation can never be there out of its place. The use of this is, at the moment of parting from your hearer, to furnish him with an index or table of contents to your whole argument; to revive the colors, which you are most anxious to imprint upon his vision, but which in the process of a long speech may have faded upon his sight; and to give him a map of the regions, over which you have travelled together. Recapitulation should therefore always be short; and may be varied in its forms, by all the changes of conjecture and hypothesis. Ex

amples of recapitulation may be found in almost all the best orations of ancient and modern times.

And here, gentlemen, we shall close our disquisitions upon the second great division of the rhetorical science; that which teaches the disposition, in which the various parts of an oration may be most conveniently arranged. To each of those regular parts, as they are enumerated by Cicero, the introduction, narration, proposition, confirmation, confutation, and conclusion, we have allotted at least one lecture; we have given one supernumerary hour to the peculiar importance of the confirmation, and one digressive excursion to the accidents of digression and transition. At this stage of our inquiries, a portion of our fellow laborers is about to leave us. While I am treating of the conclusion of a discourse, one half of the audience, to whose instruction my services are devoted, is brought to a conclusion of their academical career. Accept my thanks, gentlemen, for the attention, with which you have uniformly favored me, and for the punctuality, with which you have performed the duties, of which the superintendence has been allotted to me. As you pass from this to a theatre of higher elevation for the pursuits of science, I cannot but feel a

sentiment of regret at your departure, though mingled with that of cordial felicitation upon your advancement. Henceforth you are to unite the study of living man with that of ages expired; the observation of the present with the meditation upon the past. And so rapid is the succession of years, that you will soon find the balance of your feelings and of your duties pointing with an irresistible magnet to futurity, and the growing burthen of your hopes and wishes concentrated in the welfare of your successors upon this earthly stage; of yourselves upon that, which must succeed. Go forth then with the blessing of this your affectionate intellectual parent. Go forth, according to the common condition of your na ture, to act and to suffer; and may he, in whose hands are the hearts, as well as the destinies of men, be your staff for the one, and your guide for the other. May he inspire you at every needed hour with that fortitude, which smiles at calamity; may he at every fortunate occasion fire you with that active energy, which makes opportunity success, and that purity of principle, which makes success a public or a private blessing.

As for those students, who still remain to pursue with me this extensive circumnavigation,

upon which we have embarked, how can I con. clude in terms more proper, than in those lines of antiquated expression, but of cheering imagery, from the faery queene ?

Now strike your sailes, yee jolly mariners;
For wee be come into a quiet rode,

Where wee must land some of our passengers,

And light this weary vessell of her lode.
Here she a while may make her safe abode,
Till she repaired have her tackles spent,
And want supplide; and then again abroad
On the long voiage whereto she is bent;
Well may she speede, and fairely finish her intent.

THE above lecture was first delivered July 31, 1807. The concluding address has reference to the senior class, whose attendance on collegiate exercises terminated at that time. On the repetition of the same lecture, July 28, 1809, when another class had arrived to a similar standing, the professor's connexion also with the university was soon to be dissolved, he being then on the point of departure for Russia. In accommodation to this interesting coincidence, his concluding address was varied. From indications in the manuscript copy it may be inferred, that it was the author's intention to have omitted the original conclusion of the lecture in this publication; but his friends, to whom the care of the work was committed, in his absence, have ventured to deviate from those indications, and have chosen to publish the lecture in its original form. The concluding address, as last delivered, will be found at the end of this volume.

LECTURE XXV.

ELOCUTION. PURITY.

the third great

WE are about to enter upon division of the science of rhetoric, termed elocution. But, as well for the recollection of those, who have attended this course of lectures from its commencement, as for the information of their juniors, who are now for the first time required to give their attendance upon them, it may be necessary, before I begin upon the immediate subject, which next offers itself to our investigation, briefly to recapitulate the substance of my preceding lectures.

By the regulations of this institution, the professor was required to deliver, in a course of lectures, a system of rhetoric and oratory, founded