Church rates in Ireland, ii. 302; schemes for settling, iv. 90; schemes abandoned,
Church rates, agitation of the Dissenters against, v. 266. Churchill, i. 212.
Cibber, his dramatic monopoly, iii. 305. Cider, tax on, abolished, ii. 444. Cimitelli, M., envoy from Naples, the British Government decline to receive, iii. 29.
Cinque Ports, Lord Wardenship of, given to Lord Liverpool, i. 128; its salary, 128. Cintra, Convention of, signed, i. 288, 308. Civil List, the origin of, ii. 87; of Anne, 87; George III., 87; its amount in 1820, 88; Brougham's efforts to reform, 90; of William IV., iii. 190; Wellington beaten on, 192; revised by Grey's Min- istry and referred to a committee, 201; the history of, iv. 101; referred to select committee, 102; the amount of settled, 103.
Civil List, the Irish, its amount in 1820, ii. 88.
Civil Service, tax on the salaries of, ii. 123; in India opened to public competi- tion, vi. 353.
Clancarty, Lord, his speech on Irish tithes, iv. 155 n.
Clanricarde, Marquis of, Postmaster-Gene- ral, v. 155.
Clare, distress in, in 1822, ii. 275; the election, 392; the second election for,
Claremont, purchased for Princess Char-
lotte, ii. 2; residence of Louis-Philippe in, v. 390. Clarence, Duke of (see also William IV.), admires Caroline of Brunswick, i. 278; his numerous love affairs, 284 n.; his marriage, ii. 5; increased allowance to, 6, 8 and n.; pensions to his illegitimate children, 6 n.; his children, 8; at the Queen's trial, 55; Denman's attack upon, 55; sits on Privy Council on Queen's claim to be crowned, 67; his additional allowance in 1826, 217; made Lord High Admiral, 357; his conduct and his re- moval from office, 395, 396; supports Roman Catholic emancipation, 418; his accession, 449; makes Codrington a G.C.B., iii. 130.
Clarendon, Lord, his history, i. 211. Clarendon, Earl of, President of the Board of Trade, v. 155; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 188 n.; votes for the Naviga- tion Bill, 218; his proceedings after the Dolly's Brae affray, 220; his capacity as Irish Viceroy, 225; his instructions con- cerning Roman Catholic bishops in the Colonies, 421; declares Russia's occu- pation of the principalities an act of war against Turkey, vi. 24; plenipotentiary at the Paris Congress, 63. Claret, high price of, i. 137. Clarke, Captain, his exploration of the Columbia River, v. 339.
Clode, Sir C. M., his explanation of the Commander-in-Chief's relations with the Government, iv. 431 n.
Cloncurry, Lord, his communication with Lord Anglesey, iii. 368; his views on absenteeism, v. 89 n.
Clubs, Spencean and Hampden, &c., i. 352 n.; advise strong measures in 1817, 360.
Clyde, the, its importance to Glasgow, ii. 88, 91; salmon in, 91.
Coal, difficulties in working, i. 64; altera- tion of duties on, ii. 169; duty on, in- creased, v. 14; repealed, 45; its effect in increasing population, vi. 383. Coalbrook Dale, Darby's works in, coal used for smelting iron at, i. 63. Coalition Ministry, the, of 1783, its India Bill, i. 108; of 1806, 302; formed in 1852, v. 472; cancels Sir George Barlow's ap pointment to the Governor-Generalship of India, vi. 90.
Cobbett, William, his character and career, i. 267-269; his flight in 1817, 356; sneers at Robinson, ii. 203; defeated at Preston in 1826, 211; his address to the labourers in 1830, iii. 196; his trial and acquittal, 198; elected for Oldham, 359; supports repeal of malt-tax, 429; opposes new Poor Law, 447; evades newspaper-tax, iv. 73; supports agriculturists, 80; death and character of, 81; resists Roebuck's education scheme, 183; imprisoned for his denunciation of flogging, 429. Cobden, Richard, iv. 395; established the Corn Law League, 395; elected for Stockport, 397; his rebuke of the aristo- cracy for taxing corn, v. 17; his jeer at the protectors of butter, 49; declares the Corn Law a landlords' law, 55; his "dairy-farming" speech, 130; proposed for office in 1845, 135 m.; slighted by Russell in 1846, 155; returned for the West Riding in 1847, 173; votes against the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, v. 423; desires to force a dissolution on the Derby Government, 453; testimony of facts to the result of his policy, 458;
excluded from the Aberdeen Ministry, 473; effect of his peace ideas on poli- ticians in 1853, vi. 16; obligation of Eng- land to, 404.
Coburg Theatre, manager of, fined, iii. 308.
Cochrane, Lord, his election for Honiton,
i. 125; presents petitions for Reform, ii. 322; his previous career, 323; iii. 10, 11; assists insurgents in South America, 9, 10; his conviction for fraud, 10; his descent upon Patras, 125.
Cockburn, Sir J., his quarrel with the Duke of Clarence, ii. 395. Cockburn, A. (afterwards Sir A.), his defence of M'Naughton, v. 25 n. Cockermouth, Lord Lonsdale's borough of, i. 118 n.
Cock-fighting made illegal, iii. 297. Codrington, Sir E., iii. 121; his instruc- tions, 122; his communication with Ibrahim Pacha, 124; the affair off Cape Patras, 126; the battle of Navarino, 128; made a G.C.B., 130; denounced for allowing the captive Greeks to pass to Egypt, 137; recalled, 138; secures the release of the slaves and the evacuation of the Morea, 139. Codrington, Admiral, protests against the impressment system, iv. 426; his share of the Navarino prize money, 427. Coercion (see Arms Act, Protection of Life Bill), the policy of, v. 103; in 1847, 187; in 1848, 190.
Coercion Act. See Peace Preservation Act.
Coffee, tax on, reduced, ii. 185; duties on, equalised, v. 426.
Coke, Mr. (afterwards Lord Leicester), a game preserver, i. 138.
Colborne, Sir J. (afterwards Lord Seaton), Lieut.-Governor of Upper Canada, re- called, iv. 120; represses Canada rebel- lion, 128, 135; made Lord Seaton, 137. Colchester, Tierney sits for, i. 317. Colchester, Charles Abbot, first Lord, his estimate of the population of Ireland, i. 24; his estimate of the cost of living, 140; his description of reporters, 260; his character and career, 322-324; his description of the Princess of Wales at Genoa, ii. 26; his opinion of the Spital- fields Acts, 174; Speaker of the House of Commons, iii. 364.
Coldbath Fields. See Prisons. Coldbath Fields, riots in, in 1833, iii. 433; trial of rioters in, 433.
Colenso, his remarks on the seven days week, quoted, v. 291 n.
Coleridge, S. T., his poetry and his career, i. 237, 238; writes for the Post, 259; for the Chronicle, 260.
Coleridge. Mr. Justice, sits in "Stockdale v. Hansard," iv. 200.
Collard, Royer, opposes De Villèle's Press Law, iii. 157.
Colloredo, Count, his mission to London,
Colonies, the British, in 1816, i. 97, 98. Colonies, ideas respecting, at the begin- ning of the century, vi. 325; commer- cial policy of the mother country towards the, 327; the slave system in the, 332; new ideas respecting the, 334; African, 342; Australasian, 348; extinction of native races in the, 366; abolition of transportation to the, 371; grant of re- sponsible government to the, 376; the gold discoveries in the, 378. Colonies, the Spanish, their extent, iii. 6; their condition in 1824, 58-60; the effect of their rebellion on British trade, 60; Canning's views on, 61; recognition of, 67.
Colquhoun, John C., procures the passage of the Scottish Chapel Act, v. 308. Columbia, recognition of, iii. 67. Columbus, the motive of his discovery, i.
Colvin, Sir John, his conversation with Auckland at Simla, vi. 162; his incapa- bility of dealing with the mutiny, 301. Combermere, Lord, captures Bhurtpore, vi. 129; his remonstrance against the batta regulation, 134.
Combination Acts, the, their unpopularity among the working classes, ii. 176; Hume's committee on, 176; its report, 179; the Acts repealed, 179; fresh com- mittee on and fresh legislation, 181. Comet, the, the first steamer, i. 80. Commander-in-Chief, his relations with the Government, iv. 431.
Commerce, effect of free trade on, v. 152. Committee, the Finance, of 1817. i. 368; its reports, 367, 371; of 1818, 386. Committees, secret, of 1817, i. 354; their reports, 363; of 1818, 383.
Committees, secret, of House of Lords, on the Queen's conduct, ii. 45. Committees, private bill, iv. 352. Common Law Courts, their position in 1830, iii. 271; procedure in, 272; ex- pense of actions, 273; Brougham's speech on, 286; bill for establishing uniformity of process in, 289.
Commons, House of, its increased influence in the seventeenth century,, i. 115; con- stant changes in composition of, 115; takes issue of writs into its own hands. 116; majority of its members returned by a few persons, 116; its patrons, 117, 118, 122; traffic in boroughs, 118, 123; various franchises of boroughs, 121; chief clerkship of, 129; its influence, 302; privileges of the, infringed by the Lords, V. 212; discussion of foreign policy in the 437:
Como, residence of the Princess of Wales at, i. 280; ii. 14.
Comorn, capitulation of, v. 405. Compensation for improvements, v. 125, 188.
Conacre system, the, i. 268.
Connaught, rapid increase in population of, iii. 248.
Connell, Michael, assassination of, v. 185. Conservatives, origin of. iii. 362; growing strength of in 1837, iv. 89; position of in 1841, v. I.
Consols, price of, in 1818, i, 385, 394; in 1841-44, V. 30.
Consort, the Prince, marriage of, iv. 224; arrangements on marriage of, 224; settles the Household question, 224; his interest in the slavery question, 402; his encouragement of popular instruc- tion, 408; his suggestion on duelling, 439; co-operates in establishing the Jerusalem Bishopric, v. 277; his support of the Exhibition of 1851, 417; dis- agrees with Palmerston, 439; his angry outburst against him, 440 m.; his sugges- tions respecting a foreign legion and the militia, vi. 50 n.; part played by him during the war, 59.
Constable, failure of, in 1826, ii. 195. Constables, special, number of, in 1843, v. 195.
Constantine, the Grand Duke, his birth, iii. 37; abdicates the succession, 106; and refuses the throne, 106; his charac- ter, iv. 268; his flight, 269; his death, 274.
Constantine, conversion of, compared in its consequences with the Reformation, v. 238.
Constitutional Association, the, its forma- tion in 1820, ii. 97; it falls into disrepute and expires, 99.
Control, Board of, instituted by Pitt, i. 108; Presidency of, denounced as a sinecure, ii. 123; its relation to the East India Company, vi. 321. Conventicle Act, the, enacted, ii. 227; re- pealed, 227 n.
Convicts (see Transportation), numbers of, in 1836 and 1885, iv. 410; life of, in Australia, 410; tickets-of-leave granted to, 414; first settlement of, in Australia, vi. 350; their sufferings at sea and in the colony, 352; their cost to the govern- ment, 353.
Convocation, revival of, v. 288; its rela- tions with the State, 296. Conyngham, Lady, a favourite at Court.
ii. 259; quarrels with the Duchess of Richmond about the Irish ball, 276. Conyngham, Lord, made Postmaster-Ge- neral, iii. 461.
Cook, Captain, his voyage in the Endea- vour, vi. 349; takes possession of New South Wales, 350.
Cooke, Mr., a member of the Milan Com- mission, ii. 22.
Cooke, Mr. (afterwards Sir) W. F., tele- graphic invention of, v. 67. Cookesley, Dr., his patronage of Gifford, i. 266.
Coomassie, British Consul at, ii. 212. Cooper, William, his evidence before Fac- tory Committee, iii. 417. Coorg, annexation of, vi. 141. Coote, General, vi. 71.
Coplestone, Bishop, his extra-episcopal appointments, v. 257; his share in the religious discussions at Oriel College, 269. Copley, Sir John (see also Lyndhurst, Lord), at the Queen's trial, ii. 47, 50; sums up evidence against Queen, 51; his reply, 56; resists Queen's claim to be crowned, 67; stands for Cambridge Uni- versity in 1826, 210; his speech on the Roman Catholic question in 1827, 349; his career, 349; made Chancellor and Lord Lyndhurst, 358; his Bill of Chan- cery Reform, iii. 285.
Copper ore, repeal of the duty on, pro- posed, v. 199.
Corfe Castle, borough of, i. 122.
Cork, disturbed state of, ii. 271, 272; Spe- cial Commission in, in 1822, 274; distress in, 275.
Corn averages, inquiry into mode of tak- ing, ii. 103; fatal surplus of 2d. in, in 1818, 208.
Corn Importation Bill announced by Peel, V. 140; the opposition to it led by Ben- tinck, 141; success of obstructive tac- tics against it, 142; leave given to intro- duce it, 143; its second reading, 146; passed by the Lords, 148.
Corn Law, the, of 1815, ii. 100; its failure, 100, 108; of 1822, 108; Whitmore's motion on, in 1825, 205; action of the Ministry on, 207; foreign and bonded corn ad- mitted provisionally, 208; Huskisson's Liverpool speech on, 210; Canning in- troduces measure on, in 1827, 347; Well- ington's amendment, 364; the amend- ment proves fatal to the bill, 365; dissensions of the Cabinet on, in 1828, 382; of 1828, 383.
Corn Laws, their origin and history, i. 141; Russell's motion on, in 1841, iv. 222; history of the, 392; agitation of the League against the, 395; v. 54; amended by Peel in 1842, 4; suspension of, in 1847, 163; effect of their repeal on the labouring classes, vi. 390;
Corn Law League, established, iv. 395; statistics of the, 397; activity of, during Peel's Administration, v. 54; converts Peel, 129; and Russell, 132. Corn, price of, in 1819, ii. 100; in 1820,
100; in 1822, 100; in 1835-41, iv. 362; in 1822, 393; in 1829 and 1835, 394; jobbing in, v. 18, 19.
Cornwall, Romans obtained tin from, i. 62; its disproportionate representation, 116.
Cornwall, Duchy of, the Crown in enjoy- ment of its revenues, ii. 89; Wiliam IV.'s failure to surrender, iii. 191; estates belonging to, iv. 108.
Cornwall, Dr., Bishop of Worcester, op- poses the reform of the Criminal Code, ii. 134.
Cornwallis, Lord, his Indian career, i. 108; his capitulation in America, 110; Lord- Lieutenant of Ireland, 304; his endeavour to establish a balance of power in the Deccan, vi. 74; re-appointed Governor- General, 89; his death, 90; his reforms in India, 97; his regulations respecting suttee, 138. Cornwallis, Lord, Bishop of Lichfield, i.
Coronation, the, of George IV., ii. 71; extravagance on, 220; of William IV., iii. 219:
Corporation Act (see also Test Act), ii. 227, 228, 377-
Corporation reform, Scotland, undertaken by Jeffrey, iv. 32.
Corporations, England and Wales, neces- sity of reform, iv. 31; Commission on, 32; origin of, 32; abuses in, 34; govern- ment of, 34; the bill for reforming, 37; its provisions, 38; amended in Lords, 42; becomes law, 45.
Corporations, Irish, Commission on, iv. 59; abuses in, 59, 60; the first bill, 60; amended in Lords, 63; lost, 64; the bill of 1837, 89; postponed by Lords, 92; the bill of 1838, 156; amended in Lords and lost, 157; the bill of 1839, 179; the bill of 1840, 206; passed, 207. Corry, Mr., Chancellor of Exchequer in Ireland, his duel with Grattan, i. 313. Cortes, his conquest of Mexico, ii. 292. Cortes, the Spanish, dissolved by Ferdi- nand, iii. 5; reassembled, 13; its un- popularity, 32.
Cottenham, Lord, his endeavours to reform
the law relating to debt, iv. 422; his vote on O'Connell's appeal, v. 110; Lord Chancellor under Russell, 154; his En- cumbered Estates Bill, 169; defines the legal position of the Scotch presbytery,
Cotton, the history of the manufacture, i. 47; its growth, 48; the inventions which have developed it, 49; rise in the price of, ii. 190.
Cotton goods, decline in the value of, in 1842, iv. 357.
Cotton, Rev. M., ordinary of Newgate, his description of transported persons, i. 171; and of prisoners, 174. Cotton, Sir Willoughby, a commander of the Afghan expeditionary force, vi. 167; proposes to march on Hyderabad, 171; succeeded by General Elphi- stone, 178.
Counsel first allowed to prisoners, iv. 416; anomalies of the old law, 417 n. Courier, the, i 259; announces Canning's resignation, ii. 62.
Courtney, Mr. L., his article on "Banking" noticed, v. 38 n.
Courts, Local, description of, in 1830, iii. 270, 272; Peel's bill for, 286; first sug- gested by Althorp, 286 n. Courts-martial, restrictions on, iv. 430. Courvoisier, execution of, iv. 405.
Covent Garden Theatre, iii. 304 ; monopoly of, 307, 308.
Coventry, Lord, marries Miss Gunning, i.
Coventry, Borough of, petitions to be heard by counsel on Corporation Bill, iv. 40.
Cowley, his poetry, i. 211.
Crabbe, his description of the clergy, i. 155; of the poorhouse, 160; of the poor, 160; his poetry, 231.
Cracow, position and occupation of, iv. 312; insurrection in, v. 367; annexed to Austria, 368.
Crampton, Mr., Solicitor-General for Ire- land, iii. 335.
Cranmer, Bishop, his religious policy, ii.
Cranworth, Lord, Lord Chancellor, v. 472. Craven, Hon. Keppel, chamberlain to the
Princess of Wales, ii. 13; leaves the Princess, 16; his evidence, 54. Cricklade, enlargement of borough boun- daries, ii. 328.
Crime, increase of. i. 167; severe punish- ment of, 168; in London, 174; statistics of, iv. 405; causes of its increase, 406; diminution of, after 1842, v. 57; effect of free trade on, 152; extent of, in 1842, vi. 387; causes of the decrease of, 392. Crimea, invasion of the, decided on, vi. 32; the landing in the, 33; the history of the war in the, a history of blunders, 37; positions and strength of the allied armies in the, 39; effects of the tempest in the, 47; sufferings of the British troops in the, 48; results of the war in the, 65.
Criminal Code, the, ii. 132; Romilly de- votes himself to its reform, 133; Mack- intosh obtains a committee on, 139; its report, 140; legislation upon, 142; Mack- intosh proposes further legislation, 145: Peel takes up the subject, 146; Peel's reform of, iii. 292; iv. 403.
Criminals, secondary punishment for. iv. 409; drafting of, into men-of-war, 426. Crisis, the financial, of 1825, ii. 192; its effects, 192; its causes, 193; of 1836, iv.
356; v. 39; of 1847, 173; causes of, 175. Croatia opposes Hungarian autonomy, v.
Croft, Rev. J., pluralities held by, i. 152. Croft, Sir R., attends Princess Charlotte, ii. 3; his death, 3 ".
Croker, Rt. Hon. J. W., his letters as the "Bradwardine Waverley," ii. 197; sup- ports Grattan in 1818, 254; supports the Roman Catholics, 259; defeated at Dub- lin in 1830, iii. 176; negotiates between Palmerston and Wellington, 182; retires from Parliament, 358; his connection with Aldborough, iv. 38 n.; his memoirs referred to, 427; his notice of a non- electric telegraph, v. 62; his illustration of episcopal patronage, quoted, 258. Cromarty, electors of, i. 120.
Crompton, Samuel, his invention of the
Cruelty to animals. See Animals. Cuba, its position under Spain, iii. 6; piratical hordes in, 58; Canning orders reprisals on, 59.
Cubières, General, commands expedition to Ancona, iv. 266.
Cumberland, Duke of, i. 284; his mar- riage ii. 4; Parliament refuses an in- creased allowance to, 8; opposes the reform of the Criminal Code, 134; re- sists the repeal of the Test and Corpora- tion Acts, 380; his intrigues in 1829, 408; opposes Roman Catholic Emanci pation, 418, 419; intrigues against the Ministry, iii. 384; his speech on the Irish Church, 462; his views on the Corpora- tion Bill, iv. 45; Grand Master of Orange Lodges, 54; his conduct as Grand Master, 56; refuses evidence to Orange Committee, 57; continues Grand Master, 58; resigns, 58; becomes King of Han- over, 100; does not give up pension or apartments, 101 N.
Cunard, Sir S., his first Atlantic steamer, iv. 400.
Currency, paper, its existence and effects, i. 41; first suspension of cash payments, 42; amount of, before 1797, 42; in 1800, 42; in 1810, 42; its depreciation, 42; effects of, on various classes, 43, 396; effects of Orders in Council on, 397; effects of Spanish American war on, 397; made legal tender, 399, 400; reflections on, 401, 406-409; inconvenience arising from variations of value, 409, 410; in- conveniences of bi-metallic, 412; West- ern proposes its degradation, ii. 109; bill to stop circulation of £1 notes, 194; "Malachi Malagrowther's letters on, 196; the Small Notes Bill confined to England, 197; Hudson Gurney's action on the bill, 199.
Currie, Sir Frederick, succeeds Henry Lawrence in the Lahore Residency, vi. 227; loses the opportunity of smothering the second Sikh war, 229.
Curtis, Sir W.. presents petition against
the property tax, i. 336; defeated in the city, 393; his costume in Edinburgh, ii.
Curtis, Archbishop, his correspondence with Wellington, ii. 401.
Curwen, Mr., M.P., carries repeal of agricultural horse tax, ii. 106, 115; his opinion of the Ministry in 1821, 114. Customs, the, their origin and growth, i. 33; their produce in 1792, 36. Custozza, battle of, v. 396.
Cuttack, annexation of, vi. 85.
Czar. See Nicholas, Alexander II. Czartoryski, Adam, placed at the head of the Polish revolution, iv. 270. Czernowitz, conference at, iii. 94.
DACOITEE in India, vi. 103.
Dacre, Lord, his motion for a hearing of the Queen's counsel, ii. 44. Dalhousie, Lord, his summary of the fiscal changes made in 1846, v. 139 n.; ap- pointed Governor-General of India, vi. 227; miscalculates the disposition of the Sikhs, 228; his vigorous declaration of war, 229; his misgivings after the battle of Chillianwalla, 230; insists on the annexation of the Punjab, 230; turns his attention to Burma, 233; his ultimatum to the King of Ava, 238; orders the war, 239; extent of his addi- tions to the Company's dominions, 241; his reluctance to interfere with Oudh, 252; testifies to the fidelity of the Nawabs, 256; his scheme of interference, and his Council's criticism thereon, 257; overruled by the India House, 258; authorised to annex Oudh, 259; retires, 262; review of his administration, 263; disliked by Napier, 283; his dispute with him, 284; his treatment of the 38th Regiment, 286; his failure to provide proper government for Oudh, 303; his re- fusal of pension to the Nana Sahib, 305; his greatness as Governor-General, 33. Dalrymple, Sir H., signs the Cintra Con- vention, i. 288.
Dampier, Bishop of Elv, opposes the re- form of the Criminal Code, ii. 133. D'Angoulême, Duc de, crosses the Bidas- soa, iii. 53; the Spanish war, 55, 56. Danube, importance of, to Austria, vi. 17; navigation of, made free, 64. Danubian principalities, occupation of, by Russia, vi. 15; England declares it to be an act of war against Turkey, 24. Darby, G., proposes liberation of Sheriffs, iv. 203..
Darby's iron works in Coalbrook Dale, coal used at, i. 63.
Dardanelles (see also Black Sea), trade stopped by Turkey at, iii. 40, 89; fleet ordered to the, v. 407; vi. 15. Darlington, Lord, afterwards Duke of Cleveland (see also Cleveland), his Parliamentary influence, i. 118; his ac- count of the distress of 1816, 342; his apprehension of an insurrection, 431; moves the address in 1830, ii. 433; op- poses Stockton and Darlington Rail- way, iii. 259.
Darnley, Lord, his motion for an Irish committee. ii. 298.
Dartmouth, Lord, his approval of the slave trade, vi. 333.
Darwin, investigations of, v. 322. Das Antas, rejects Colonel Wylde's advice v. 372; his capture, 375.
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