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A Ditch is found in the field of

A Rich Fifer, or a Yankee Nabob.

A Dike would afford shelter for robbers, to

Examine the Shares of a Bribe.

A Dove is sometimes seen on the house of

A Wily Lawyer, or a Foppish Turner. The Deep, or the ocean, is not a good

Home for a Man, or a Merry Round Image. A Noose would catch

A Weary Buffalo, a Dutchman, or a Seer. A Night, at sea, often shows

A Croaking Crew, and a Rough Sky.

Noon is the time to see

A Dainty Jew Shooting Noddies.

A Gnome would not be fond of

Showy Finery, a Puny Wolf, or a Doge.

Norway will remind us of

A Snowy Hammock, a Muff, or a Fog in Norway.

The Nile is a river where you can have

A Small Watch-house, or a Famous Voyage.

A Niche would hold the statue of

The Wise Lamartine, or a Russian Boy.

A Nag, or a horse, can not live on

Sofas, Tide-fish, or Bay-rum.

A Knife would do to go to battle,

With a Chinese Dog-face, or a Rattle.

A Knob on a door might remind you of

A War on the Amazon, or Jokes in aChinaHome.

A Mouse can run

Droll Races, or Leap like a Moor.

A Meadow is more pleasant than

Active Disease, or Heavy Poison.

The Moon can give light for

The Sky or Gay Twilight, a Mome or a Lamb.

A Mummy is as useless as

A Dead Laocoon, a Goose, or a Snipe.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR

MYTHOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY.

In the three following pages, the learner will find the most prominent Mythological characters, with the offices attributed to them. They are so often mentioned in Poetry, Ancient History, and the Classics, that a familiarity with their attributes is indispensable that we may the more readily understand our reading. Many of them are doubtless familiar to the reader already. As will be seen, they are arranged in alphabetical order, under their appropriate heads of Celestial Deities, Terrestrial Deities, etc. The Nine Muses, with the departments of Poetry and the Fine Arts, which they preside over, are on the same page with the Seven Wonders of the World, the Seven Wise Men of Greece, and the Twelve Labors of Hercules. It will be well to commit these, by associating them with words in the Nomenclature Tables. The Twelve Labors, can be associated with the first twelve words of the Second Nomenclature Table; and the Nine Muses with the first nine words of the First Table. The Seven Wise Men, and Seven Wonders, can each be associated with the seven words in each Nomenclature Table, beginning with word No. 51.

The attributes of each Deity, or Divinity, in the Mythological Tables—or the definitions, as we may call them—may be committed to memory as they are printed, except the more difficult ones, which can be drawn off, and formulas constructed for them by the learner, in the same style as the flower formulas. Finding Homophonic Analogies, and constructing the formulas, will be an excellent exercise.

The formulas for the Planets, on page 241, give the correct Mythological definitions of the characters as there mentioned. and will be easily committed by the learner. The Phrases in those formulas give the distance that each planet is from the Sun, in millions of miles. For the pronunciation of the difficult names in the Mythological Tables, the learner is referred to the Pronouncing Index, commencing on page 251.

MYTHOLOGY.

CELESTIAL DEITIES.

APOLLO-The god of Poetry, Music, Eloquence, the Fine Arts,
Augury and Archery.

AURORA-The goddess of the Morning; daughter of Hyperion.
BACCHUS-The god of Wine, and patron of drunkards.
BELLONA-The goddess of War; wife of Mars.
GANYMEDE-A young Prince, attendant of Jupiter.

HEBE-The goddess of Youth; once cup-bearer to Jupiter, but dismissed, and succeeded by Ganymede.

IRIS-Goddess of the Rainbow, and messenger of Juno.

JUNO-The goddess of Power and Empire, and Queen of the gods; the wife of Jupiter.

JUPITER, OF JOVE-The god of Thunder, and attribute of sovereign power and dignity; is considered superior to all other celestial or terrestrial beings.

MARS-The god of War; his chariot is drawn by two steeds, Flight and Terror, driven by Bellona.

MERCURY-The messenger of the gods; the protector of Commerce; the patron of Travellers; also of thieves and knaves; called by the Greeks, Hermes.

MINERVA, OF PALLAS-The goddess of Wisdom, and the useful and liberal arts; had a famous temple in Athens, called the Parthenon.

MNEMOSYNE-Goddess of Memory, and mother of the Muses. The Graces-AGLAIA, EUPHROSYNE and THALIA, three Virgins, attendants of Venus, presided over kindness and good offices. VENUS-The goddess of Love and Beauty; the mistress of the Graces and Pleasures, and Queen of smiles.

RURAL DIVINITIES.

FLORA-The goddess of Flowers.

PAN-The god of Shepherds and Hunters; famous for his whistling, which fatigued him so much, that he invented pipes to blow on.

PLUTUS-The god of Riches; represented with wings.
POMONA-The goddess of orchards and fruit trees.

TERRESTRIAL DEITIES.

ASTREA―The goddess of Justice.

BOREAS-The North Wind; having long wings and white hair. CERES-Goddess of Corn and Harvest; presided over Agriculture.

CUPID-The god of Love.

DIANA-The goddess of Hunting, and patroness of chastity. EOLUS-The East Wind; the god of Wind and Storms, and the inventor of sails.

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HYMEN The god of Marriage; usually, but not always, accompanied by Cupid.

JANUS The god of the Year; presided over the gates of Heaven; also over peace and war; had two faces.

MOMUS-The god of Folly, Satire and Pleasantry.
NEMESIS The goddess of Vengeance.

NEPTUNE-The god of the Sea, and father of rivers and fountains.

SATURN-The god of Time, and father of all the other Deities. THEMIS A Divinity who rewarded Virtue and punished Vice. THE MUSES-Nine in number; daughters of Jupiter and Mne. mosyne. For their names and offices, see next page. VESTA-The goddess of the fireside and social hearth. VULCAN-The god of Fire, and patron of Blacksmiths; presided over the Arts and the working of Metals.

ZEPHYRUS—The West Wind; produced flowers and fruits by his sweet breath.

HEROES AND DEMIGODS.

ATLAS-Son of Japetus, one of the Titans; is said to have borne the heavens upon his shoulders; was afterwards changed into a lofty mountain.

JASON-The leader of the Argonauts; obtained the Golden Fleece at Colchis.

ORPHEUS-Famous for his Music, which tamed wild beasts, stayed the course of rivers, and made the trees descend from the mountains.

PERSEUS-Famous for his victory over the Gorgons.

HERCULES—The son of Jupiter and Alcmene; the most eminent hero of antiquity; is celebrated for his twelve labore.

THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD.

1. The Pyramids of Egypt.

2. The Pharos of Alexandria.

3. The Walls and hanging gardens of Babylon.

4. The Temple of Diana at Ephesus.

5. The Statue of the Olympian Jupiter.

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THE TWELVE LABORS OF HERCULES.

1. He strangled the Nemean Lion, and ever after wore his skin.

2. Destroyed the Hydra, a serpent of a hundred heads.

3. Captured alive the stag with brazen feet and golden horns.

4. Brought to Mycene the wild boar of Erymanthus.

5. Cleansed the stables of Augeas, by turning a river through them. 6. Killed the birds of Lk. Stymphalus, that preyed on human flesh. 7. Brought into Peloponnesus a wild bull that ravaged Crete. 8. Slew Diomedes, and killed his horses that fed on human flesh. 9. Obtained the girdle of Hyppolite, Queen of the Amazons. 10. Killed the monster Geryon, and carried off his carnivorous oxen. 11. Obtained the golden apples from the garden of the Hesperides, which was guarded by a dragon.

12. Dragged up alive from the infernal regions, the dog Cerberus.

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