ses of the community. It is a true story-I know deeper every day? Really, the times are come to
it to be a fact-and that I do not expose the vile a pretty pass if a man cannot call a rogue a rogue
actors in this scene of villainy and seduction, is a swindler a swindler-a rag a rag-without be
because I regard the feelings of their victim rather ing persecuted by the whole tribe of rogues, wind-
than the resentment of his tempters. If there be lers and rag barons! Don't be alarmed, Mr. Niles, at
any thing I despise, beyond the dirt on which I the formidable confederacy of kites and crows you
tread, it is these worthless beings, who at the very may chance to provoke. Remember that virtus mille
moment they are earning and enjoying the wages scuta-and truth is equal to a thousand weapons.
of the vilest roguery, have the insolence to associ. You have already done great good—you have alarm.
ate and challenge an equality with the rest of their ed the dishonest banks for their very existence.
fellow creatures. They and their precious com- and the honest ones, lest they should be involved
peers, the numerous race of worthies, who descend in the general ruin that menaces the system. I am
to the lowest degradation of villainy, by counterfeit-convinced you will do still more, although in sad
ing money, which is itself a counterfeit, are equally and sober earnest, I am not so sanguine as to hope
the product of the paper system, and we may judge
of the tree by its fruits.

Illegitimate Rag Manufactures.

Under the hope that we have succeeded in putting our readers on their guard against counterfeit bank notes, we intend to drop the subject, as heretofore intimated, unless some pressing emergency shall require a resumption of it-we are sick of the nasty task of detailing the crimes of our countrymen; but, incensed at the real authors of such unheard of villainies, we will pursue them, until a demoralized community, duly and truly prepared for slaves, shall clearly intervene and render the chase hopeless.

a thorough cure. It seems to me that the whole paper system is nothing more than a contrivance of I rejoice to see that you still continue to expose knaves to cheat honest men, and that nothing but the monstrous abuses of this system; abuses that a complete union of the latter can make head would not be tolerated but in a country ripe for the against the combinations of the former. This is vilest species of slavery-submission to a beggarly, hardly to be expected, since experience every upstart, and unprincipled aristocracy. I rejoice, where demonstrates that rogues are much more too, that you promise in due time to pay your re-gregarious and apt to stick together than honest spects to these thriving adjuncts of the beautiful men. system of paper, the lottery office gentry-who fill the newspapers with their disgusting and filthy garrulity-who pay the great prizes in gold of which they pick the pockets of the poor-and who invite honest labor, in delectable verses and seducing parodies, to come and gamble away its last shilling. These are a precious brood, and highly deserving the attention of the curious in the reptile species. They furnish a most amusing study to the naturalist who wishes to investigate the sources of mischief possessed by the insect tribe-and to the philosopher who is at a loss for the connective link between man and beast. But after all, we ought | notito throw all the blame on these worthy people. The different legislatures, who pass lottery laws I believe-and "indeed and indeed," I say it with as little ceremony as they charter banks, are mournfully, that the notes of at least ONE HUNthe real sources of the abuse Where there is ho- DRED banks in the United States are counterfeitney there will be flies-where there is a dead dog ed, and passed off upon the needy laborers and there will be maggots. I repeat again, we must unsuspecting farmers and citizens of this republic. thank the different legislative bodies, for furnish-The unreasonable currency given to genuine bank. ing nutriment to these mischievous and offensive notes, through the instrumentality of hireling percreatures, by sanctioning lotteries with as little sons, or others interested in keeping them out-i. e. hesitation as they make laws against every other to prevent their payment, is the great cause of such species of gambling! In truth, the state govern-impositions, after a consideration of the facility of ments appear to monopolize all the profits of gam-making shops at which they may be lawfully issu bling, to the utter exclusion of every other species ed. A remedy is in the hand of every man; and of black legs, except the lottery-office men.

ly belongs at the doors of our dirty and dishonest A person calling himself Russel Myrick, has rag-shops, which are spread over our country like been arrested at Montreal, for passing counterfeit Norman lords to see that the curfew is duly tolled, bills of the bank of Plattsburg. An accomplice and to enforce the "conqueror's" laws. Indeed, it who was guilty of the like offence, made liis escape. would be well if the rule were adopted by every dealing man, to enquire first what sort of money Caution. Under this head, a Providence paper he is to receive for his commodity, before be fur states, that on the 6th inst. “wo persons were ap. nishes it.

prehended in that town, and examined before judge WHOLEBALE BUSINESS.

Martin, on suspicion of passing bills of a fic:itious In a late paper we mentioned the return of a bank. They also bad in their possession about police officer to New York from Canada, with thirty. $4900 in new and bandsome bills, purporting to ihree different plates for the manufacture of bank be of the bank of Sandusky bay, Bloomingville, stat'e notes- The following additional particulars are from of Ohio. The bills, a number of which they pas. the N. Y. Evening Post:

sed, are signed by A. Young, cashier, and A. Ran. “The public are indebted to Mr. Hays, one of som, president. The judge discharged them, al. our police officers, for having, in his late visit to though it is believed that there was no such bank. Canada, broken up and dispersed a confederacy of counterfeiters and venders of spurious bank paper. More counterfeiters.—Two men of the name of He received such information before be left New. Dixon, alias Moore and Shirly, have been commit. York, as enabled him to proceed to the principal ma. ed to the jail of Pulaski for counterfeiting. From nufactory; though the manutactory was judiciously the confession of one of those swindlers, they had chosen, in a large forest in Canada. Here he found, counterfeited upwards of 60,000 dollars on the if we understood our informant, a dwelling house state bank of North Carolina, the bank of Newand otlier buildings erected, with convenient apart. York and the Potomac bank. The celebrated Alments, and all the necessary apparatus for manufac. len Twitty was concerned in this manufactory, and turing counterfeit bank notes, from the forging of had made off with the principal part of the booty. the plates to the packing up of the bills ready to They kept their cave in Franklin county, Alabama deliver out to the retail venders. Each man seem- territory, which was searched and a box found in it ed perfect in his particular branch. The engraving containing 550 dollars on the banks mentioned, it is said, cannot well be excelled.

some of which were neither signed or trimmed. It The exact number concerned in this extensive is said that these notes are well executed, and re. manufactory could not be acertained; but it would quire a minute examination to detect the imposiSeem, they drove their business with great industry, tion, The North Carolina bills are two dollars, the for they had always on hand a large stock. Any New-York ten, and Potomac fifty dollars. quantity could be produced upon the shortest no

Fayetteville Register. tice, on the following terms viz:-Five dollars in specie for $100 in counterfeit paper of small dero- The trial of five persons at Pbiladelphia, for mak: minations, or bills of larger amount, one hundreding, passing, or conspiring to pass counterfeit notes for one, about equal to old continental currency. on several banks. Among the new forgeries de. Purchasers were numerous and trade brisk. Mr. tected on those "rag-barons," were 1008 notes as Hays seized and brought with bim a large quanti of the Philadelphia bank, and 50's as of the llagers. ty of their paper principally on the banks in this town bank of Maryland. Their several stocks in state, and a number of plates, as stated in this pa: trade shewed an intention of doing business on a per some days since. Some of the bills are so well large scale. executed, that it would puzzle even those most conversant with bank paper, to detect them.” The capture of a certain Abraham Strkes* at

Lancaster, Penn. with a large supply of counterLAW INTELLIGENCE-PHILADELPAIA, AUG. 7. feit bills, chiefly on a bank at Pittsburg.

Commonwealth, vs. James Pardee. Charged before the mayor of this city for passing a A caution from the police office of N. Y. about number of counterfeit notes.

one dollar notes of the bank of Hudson, payable at The public are aware that this kind of traffic is the Mechanics bank of the city of New York-well carried on to a great and alarming extent, but we done and very plentiful. These are such good imbelieve the course of conduct that is now adopted itations that upwards of fifty of them were received by our judges will have a great tendency to check by the several banks' of New York before detec. the glowing evil in and about this city. It is with tion! sincere pleasure, that we state the very laudable and praise worthy conduct of judge Armstrong, in The Western papers, as a "result of the mo the case of the above named defendant. The de dern system of Banking," notice a Dr., as fendant was brought before him yesterday for a deceased of a wound inflicted with a dirk by the hearing, upon a writ of babeas corpus. The judge cashier of the bank of New Salem, O. The parti. very ably expatiated upon the enormity of the culars, from respect to justice in whose hands the offence with which the defendant stood charged, cashier is, are not stated. and concluded by telling him that such was the extent of the business in which he appeared to have *This fellow had the following assortment been engaged, that he felt bound in conscience to 61 of 10, on the Farmers and Mechanics bank of demand such bail for him as would ensure his being

Pittsburg

8610 fortb coming at the time of bis trial. He then or. 26 3, the Westmoreland bank

78 dered him to enter into a recognizance of ten thou. do, the New Brunswick, New.Jersey 12 sand dollars himself, and to give security in the 1 1, the Western Reserve, altered to 50 same sum, for his appearance at the next mayor's 1 10, the Marine bank of Baltimore

10 court, to answer, &c.

3 3, the Wooster bank of Ohio

9 The security not being given, he was remanded o prison.

S769

The capture of four persons at Greenville, O. with a large stock of the following notes. They were very industrious villians and had passed off ay before their arrest

by any thing but a despot, in some shape or other; although they had, from their own peculiar situation and the situation of affairs in Europe, de. clared themselves independent.

$10 notes on the Urbanna Banking Company- Since my arrival, I have been induced to change 5's Marietta Bank-10's & 5's Michigan Bank of my opinion in favor of the people of this country, Detroit (we believe no such bank exists)-3's for various reasons, which can readily be stated, Bank of New York-3's Miami Exporting company and which as they are derived from plain and sim -3's Manhattan Bank of New York-20's Mecha-ple facts are easily comprehended. To state them nics and Farmers' Bank of Albany-10's Lancaster as briefly as possible, is the object of this letter. Bank of Pennsylvania.

An interesting letter, of which the following is a copy, written by a gentleman attached to the Congress frigate, was designed for his correspondent in this country; but as, from some circumstances, it is supposed to have miscarried, it has since been obligi gly communicated by the writer to the editor of the Delaware Watchman.

BULNOS AYRES, March 11.

In the first place, it is highly important to observe, that there has never been an order of nobility permanently established here; nor has the influence of the clergy obtained. The difference, there fore, between a people thus circumstanced, and those from whom they are derived, must at once be obvious.-But they have been in a state of revolution for eight years. What was their situation prior to this revolution, compared with what it is now?

Before the revolution, the government was vested in the hands of a viceroy, appointed by the monarch of Spain, whose powers were, of course, absolute. Under the denomination of this creature of majesty neither the person nor property of any individual was secure. This despotic order of things is now no more. A provisionary constitution has been framed, which secures to the people the right of choosing, from each province, delegates to represent them in a general congress, or convention. This convention of delegates elect from their own body an executive officer under the title of supreme director, who remains in office during good behaviour, or rather, during the pleasure of congress. Such is the advance already made in the organization of a free government. The congress act as a check upon the ambition of the director, while its members are themselves influenced in their political conduct by the community at large, who elect them at stated periods.

dually effected by the dawnings of religious and political light, without that effusion of blood which disgraced every revolutionary step of France.

Before the revolution, there existed an inquisitorial power; by which many a helpless victim of clerical vengeance was immured. From the arbitrary deci. sion of this ecclesiastical court there was no appeal, either in religious or political affairs. Since this I came to this country prejudiced against the important revolution, the clergy from Old Spain have Epanish character. I took it for granted that a been removed, the authority of the pope renounced, Spaniard here was much like a Spaniard every the iquisition abolished, and religion left to stand where else. A people born in tyranny, and educat-upon its own foundation. All this has been graed in the slavish principles of the Roman Catholic religion, of whatever nation, I thought must be poorly qualified for understanding what was meant by freedom; and, of course, would not be able very Before the revolution, there were no schools or soon, to establish any thing like a true representa-seminaries of learning of any kind, except such as ive, or democratic form of government. The re prompted the slavish views of the church or the sult of the French and Spanish revolutions were state with which it was connected-Now the case is both fresh in my recollection. It is true, (having altered-Public schools are established for the myself been educated a republican) I did come instruction of youth in general, in which are here with a belief that all men had equal rights; taught, besides the common rudiments of learning, and even that, under the same circumstances, they the principles of free government, and the elements were much the same kind of animals, whether de- of military science. It is thus that the people rived from Catholic, Jew, Gentile, or Mahomedan;-are rapidly acquiring a correct knowledge of their but, judging from the events recorded in history, inestimable rights-with the means of defending and having bserved that political and religious them. habits of thinking, like certain diseases of the body, become hereditary, and are cured with great diff culty, I could hardly flatter myself that the people of this country are yet in a condition to be governed

Before the revolution, the clergy possessed the power of suppressing education in general. They sought for and seized all books which were judg ed inimical to their system of religion and politics, and exacting penalties from those with whom they But they make a bank now in half an hour, and were found. No individual or family was exempt a dozen may be made in the United States between from this odious examination; and publications havsun-set and dark, any day in the year; nothing else ing a tendency to enlighten the mind or improve being necessary than for a few men that want money the understanding, were doomed to destruction. to agree to print it. Now, literature in general is freely tolerated; poli

tical writings are sought for, and read with avidity. The constitution of the United States, along with the constitutions of the individual states, and even the political writings of Thomas Paine, and others, are found in translation among them. The clergy themselves are rendered useful in being placed at the head of literary institutions, where they pro-pendence has been solemnly declared, and they will mote the interests of the revolution, by teaching the principles of free government, as well as the catechism.

But they have yet a government to establish upon the principles of which their political happiness in future will depend. Already they are deliberating upon a constitution which is to be perma nent. May wisdom guide their councils in this most important of all human concerns. Their inde. undoubtedly be able to maintain it while they continue in a state of union, even without the addition of the provinces on the eastern and northern side of Before the revolution, foreigners, calculated to the great Rio de la Plata, which belonged to the promote the best interests of society, were not al- the viceroyalty of Buenos Ayres under the royal lowed to settle in this country. Now, merchants, government. These provinces are the Banda Ori mechanics, tradesmen in general, from all parts of ental, Intre Rios and Paraguay. The two former the civilized world, may be seen in every street of under the dominion of Artigas, a refractory chief, Buenos Ayres. But few have located themselves who refuses to send delegates to the general con beyond the confines of the capital: although every gress, and appears to aim at a separate government; encouragement is offered to them to do so. Land but professes to be a republican.-The latter is unwould be granted by the the government to agricul-der the government of don Gracia, who stiles himturalists; and much benefit would arise not only to self dictator. He also refuses to unite with the Bue the great cause of agriculture, but to the general nos Ayreans; but is likewise opposed to the royal interest of society, by this most useful and virtuous government. All the ports in the dominions of part of any community, availing themselves of the Artigas, are either blockaded by, or in the possesprivileges held out to them. sion of the Portuguese, with whom he is unable to

Before the revolution, slavery was tolerated through-contend. Hence the Buenos Ayreans suffer the out the provinces; since that period thousands of op- encroachments of these foreigners, who have availpressed Africans have obtained their freedom: provi-ed themselves of this unfortunate division of pulision is made for their total emancipation, and thetical interest to extend their dominions; but this barbarous traffic of human souls, which still dis. state of things, it is to be hoped, will mot continue graces the mother country, is at an end.

long.

It is as much a matter of astonishment as regret, that we have remained so long unacquainted with our political brethren in the south; and particular.

Such are a few of the most indisputable and When we take into consideration the events of prominent facts relative to the political situation our struggle for independence, and compare them of this part of South America. It is the only part with those of the Buenos Ayreans, the latter will not I have seen in a state of revolution, and may, per.suffer by the comparison. Judging from what I haps, be considered as the most important. It will have seen, I would say, that there is even less diviof course be seen that my observations apply only sion in political sentiment among them than there to those provinces on the southern and western side was among us; nor are the annals of their revolution of the Rio de la Plata, which at present constitute more stained with blood. They have not followed the Buenos Ayrean government. It is one of the our inconsistent example, in withholding freedom most populous, and may be one of the most enlight-from a certain portion of the community, after deened, of all the ancient dominions of Spain, either claring that all men had equal rights! north or south of the equator. It claims at least a superior rank and consequence, from its having first shaken off the Spanish yoke and even conduct ed all its revolutionary measures in a spirit of moly the Buenos Ayreans. It is equally remarkable deration which evinces a knowledge of rational li. through what contrasted channels the little inforberty, abstracted from that licentiousness, which mation we have received respecting them, has been spread ruin and desolation, and finally terminated in derived. We have had no information of the real despotism, in one of the fairest and most populous state of this interesting people; although we have portions of the old world. Chili, Peru, &c. &c. are had partizans of Carera, partizans of Artigas, &c. following the example of Buenos Ayres. They are&c characters who in their own country are of less in a revolutionary state. Chili was declared inde-importance, in every point of view, than were our pendent on the sixteenth of February last. The spontaneous effusion of joy which the news of this great event produced in the Buenos Ayreans I have just witnessed. It was not the illumination of the capital with artificial light, upon which a slav. ish multitude might gaze, uninterested in its object, that produced the best evidence of sincere rejoicing on this occasion: a brighter flame could be discerned illuminating the countenance of every individual, and therefore evincing that unfeigned re. gard, which one portion of a great community may be naturally supposed to feel for another struggling in the same righteous cause, and assuming the same independent attitude.

Arnolds or our Galloways, &c.

The period, I hope, has arrived in which we shall cease to be delu led. It is high time for us to regard with the deepest interest, the situation of our brethren in the south. Our political salvation

intimately blended with theirs.-The monarchs of the old world have formed, what they impiously term a holy league, for the purpose of patching up, and preserving the the ancient system of tyranny and priestcraft. The free governments of the new world are the objects of their deadliest hatred These ought also to unite in defence of every thing sacred. Such I hope will be the views which our government will now take, and lose no more time in ACKNOWLEDGING THE INDEPENDENCE of a people Having but a short time before been present at who have proved themselves as deserving as we the coronation of the king of Portugal, &c. in Rio de Janerio, and witnessed the illumination which norant multitude looked vacantly on, without intefollowed, I could not but be struck most forcibly rest or motive; while in the other the emancipation with the difference in the object and effects of these of hundreds of thousands from tyranny, was an ob events: In the one, the chams of arbitrary power ject calculated to awaken, and it did evidenty were but more firmly rivetted, and the gaping, ig- awaken, the noblest feelings of the soul.

were. This acknowledgment, instead of protract-the Coubaly tribe, 18 excepted, (among whom I ing the war, would be most likely to hasten its de- was one) who had presence of mind enough to hide termination, and stop the effusion of blood. It until open day. Arabians don't allow themselves might also have the happy effect of accelerating to kill in open day any one who declares himself the establishment of the representative forms of go-their slave. As soon as the Arabians perceived vernment among them. They have been too long us, they seized us, and we were compelled to walk anxiously looking in vain for some token of our with them six nights, (they never travel in day time) friendly regard; viewing, at the same time, our po- till we arrived at Shisley's mountain, which is inhe litical institutions as the best models for imitation.bited by Arabians of the Coubaly tribe, and which P. S. Since writing the above, an official account is the residence of their cheyk. His house is situathas arrived of the total defeat of the Spanish army ed upon a hill; it is the only one in the whole counin Chili. This great event, which has been achiev-try, the other Arabians encamp under tents. After ed by San Martin, commander of the combined we were presented to the cheyk. (whose name was army of Buenos Ayres and Chili, is I have no doubt, Schyd Solyman) who has an unlimited power over a prelude to the overthrow of royal power in Peru. all the individuals whom the tribe consisted of, we Thus, I flatter myself, a final end will be speedily were chained two by two, and during twenty-eight put to royal government on the western side of the years; consequently I have been compelled to supCordilleras. port, night and day, with my miserable fellowchain mate, the weight of fetters which made us inseparable.

I cannot conclude without observing how much this mission, and the public in general, will be be nefitted by the labors of H. M. Brackenridge, esq. His talents, industry and complete knowledge of the Spanish language, have enabled him to amass a vast fund of the most interesting information, which I hope he will lose no time in making public. He was among the first of his countrymen, who began to entertain correct views of the South Americans; as his letters, addressed to the president of the United States, before he visited Buenos Ayres, will testify.

Barbarian Captivity,

Every morning at 4 o'clock the slaves were taken out to work, sometimes at the mines, sometimes at clearing the mountain, or cutting down timber, or ploughing the ground. We were bound to work until twilight, and we had not any other rest but to smoke during a quarter of an hour some tobacco we could pick up in the fields by the way. In the morning, when we were getting out of the bagne, (that is, a large and dark prison where 4000 men, who were confined, and had for beds only a little straw which they could bring along with them, and where never penetrated a ray of the sun, or any light whatever!) we each received two rolls, which An intimation was given in the French papers, were black, tough, and very often mouldy, and shortly after lord Exmouth's attack on Algiers, some rotten olives; this was our only meal every that a Frenchman, who had been in captivity 34 day. We had but once in the whole year (the day years, with the barbarians, was one of the chris-of the circumcision of the children of the tribe) a tian slaves delivered up to that officer, agreeably small piece of meat and a little broth. If any one to the treaty of submission then entered into by of us, haras-ed with fatigue and hunger, disconthe Algerines. This unfortunate being, when re-tinued working a few moments, the chief guardian stored to his friends, was quite ignorant of the events of the French revolution, and the convulsions of Europe for the last twenty-five years, which grew out of it. This, we doubt not, is one of the rarest instances of liberation on record, and we are glad to have this opportunity (through the kind industry of a friend) of laving the particulars before the American public. We beg the reader to excuse any stiffness in the style which may be met with, owing to the literal translation that has been attempted. The extraordinary facts set down may perhaps compensate for the defect.

[Wash. City Gaz,

threshed him unmercifully. In short, so miserable was our fate, that (not one day excepted) two or three were found who had killed themselves. I remained 28 years in this dreadful situation; my life was constantly uniform. 1 am going to give the recital of the only incident which happened to me during the whole of that time.

A Marabon (so they call a Turkish monk) who was travelling through the country where we lived, gave us in alms 30 sequins, (about 200 francs;) our chief guardian wanted to get his part of it. I was the only one who refused giving him any thing. Filled with indignation on account of my refusal, he treated me every day in the most cruel manner. Every morning when I was getting out of the bag.

An authentic relation of the dreadful tortures which a poor Frenchman (Peter Dumon) suffered in Afrine, he overwhelmed me with injuries and blows. ca, during a slavery of 34 years.

Tired of such a life, I resolved to put an end to it In the year 1782, being 14 years old, I left Paris, by taking vengeance on my persecutor, whom I de. my native city, to follow, as a servant, le chevalier termined to kill at the first blow he would give me. de Ternay. We embarked at Brest, on board of I did not wait a long time for the opportunity of H. M's ship le Duc de Bourgogne, which was sent executing my purpose; the next day, when I was to America. A few days after our arrival at Rhode going to work, he came to me, and began to strike Island, where M. de Ternay died suddenly, I went me; I went back, and having seized a large stone, I to St. Christophe; from thence to Gibraltar, and threw it against his face, and beat the right eye from Gibraltar to St. Prochk, where I was employ-out of his head. I was instantly surrounded by ed in monseiur count de Artois's equipages. Arabians, who tied me to a mule; and, after having started with M. Montmerry, who had received an been threshed in a dreadful way, I was bro't before order to join the French squadron, then blockad-the cheyk. I happily had learnt to speak Arabic, ing Mahon. We embarked on board of his majes- and I was able to explain to the cheyk the motives ty's brig le Lievre, of 14 guns, and after a stormy of my conduct. I made him perceive the cruel propassage we were shipwrecked on the coast of Africa, ceedings of the guardian towards me; the cheyk, between Oran and Algiers. The crew of the brig penetrated with the justice of my remonstrances, consisted of 140 men, half of whom were drowned, condemned him to be hanged; then, addressing and the other half massacred by the Arabians of himself to me, which hand of yours has struck your