BOYS!

How to Earn
$25 Radio Set
in Spare Time

GIRLS!

All you have to do to earn a complete Aeriola, Jr., Radio Receiving Set is to secure 25 yearly subscriptions to The Outlook. You will receive cash payment for each subscription that you obtain, even though the number may be less than 25, and the radio set, manufactured by Westinghouse, will be sent to you promptly with our compliments carriage prepaid, without any cost to you, as soon as the entire 25 subscriptions have been secured. Write to-day for full instructions, subscription blanks, and complete description of the radio set.

Radio Department

THE OUTLOOK COMPANY
381 Fourth Avenue,
New York City

UNUSUALLY desirable stationery for any type of correspondence. 200 sheets high grade note paper and 100 envelopes printed with your name and address postpaid $1.50. Samples on request. You can buy cheaper stationery, but do you want to? Lewis, 284 Second Ave., Troy, N. Y.

OLD Hampshire bond: 100 sheets (6x7) and 75 envelopes, printed, $2 delivered. Franklin Printery, Warner, N. H.

150 letter sheets and 100 envelopes, $1. Samples on request. Burnett Print Shop, Box 145, Ashland, O.

FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT

(Continued)

1920? Demand fell off, liquidation went ahead, all the symptoms of panic were there, but no panic. Because, blindly perhaps, we have set an automatic meter upon our credit dollar which keeps it at a steady price measure in gold. When business is hustling and prices go up (i. e., when the demand for goods outstrips demand for gold and relationships are changed), we supply the gaps in our circulating media with Federal Reserve notes instead of inconvertible greenbacks or Clearing-House certificates. A Federal Reserve note cannot be issued except on visible, irrefutable evidence that the credit total, the production of the next one hundred and twenty days, has been increased by the amount of the note and a little more.

This is the gist of the quarrel. The supporters of the quantity theory represent the present borrowers and future sellers they talk in terms of credit dollars. The opponents of the theory represent the present lenders and future buyers, and they are talking of gold dollars of 23.2 grains each at the current price of gold as metal. Of course they cannot agree. As long, however, as they do not try to influence the money legis lation which affects all of us, why should we greatly care? For you and I have still a third definition for money: “A balancer of accounts-something dependable which gets our business done."

or

SITUATIONS WANTED Business Situations YOUNG man with a wide and varied experience in child welfare work, recently superintendent of an orphanage, desires executive or sub-executive position. Conversant in French, Italian, and German. Capable grade school teacher. Best of references. 3,038, Outlook.

Companions and Domestic Helpers COMPANION-nurse or helper to semiinvalid gentleman. Refined Protestant young man. References. 3,097, Outlook.

COMPANION-secretary. Former business woman, broad experience, industrious, capable. Highest credentials. Experienced also flower, vegetable gardening, social service work. 3,100, Outlook.

LADY highly recommends working housekeeper. Scotch; excellent cook, worker, mender, entire charge bachelor apartment. New York references. 3,101, Outlook.

YOUNG French lady of culture, ability. and exceptional character, experience as teacher in the best English schools, finishing governess in England and Italy, is open to engagement for the winter as traveling companion or teacher to young lady. Being at present in Rome, she is available immediately in Europe or would return to this country. Refer for further details to Mrs. R. G. Hazard, Dial House, Santa Barbara, Cal.

CULTURED young woman desires position social secretary, companion, hostess. References. 3,082, Outlook.

REFINED middle-aged widow, managing housekeeper or companion. 3,088, Outlook. POSITION as nurse-companion to semiinvalid or elderly lady. Salary no object. Highest references. 3,091, Outlook.

YOUNG lady, adaptable, fond of children, some hospital training, can teach basketry, etc., desires position. Excellent references. 3,089, Outlook.

COMPANION to lady; travel, go South. Managing housekeeper, widower, one or two children. Christians. References. 3,105, Outlook.

Teachers and Governesses GOVERNESS wants position in kind American family. French; two and a half years' experience; good musician. References. 3,095, Outlook.

MISCELLANEOUS

TO young women desiring training in the care of obstetrical patients a very thorough nurses' aid course of six months is offered by the Lying-In Hospital, 307 Second Ave., New York. Monthly allowance and full maintenance is furnished. For further information address Directress of Nurses.

Washington, D. C.

MISCELLANEOUS

MISS Guthman, New York shopper, will shop for you, services free. No samples. References. 309 West 99th St.

BOYS wanted. 500 boys wanted to sell The Outlook each week. No investment necessary. Write for selling plan, Carrier Department, The Outlook Company, 381 Fourth Ave., New York City.

THE Olivia Sage School of Practical Nursing offers a one year's course in bedside nursing to a limited number of women. Pupils receive maintenance, uniform, and salary. For further information apply to Director, New York Infirmary for Women and Children, Stuyvesant Square, New York.

VERSE, original, distinctive, written for Occasions-anniversary, memorial, presentation. Jolly verse for children. 3,083, Outlook.

FOR sale Hongkong camphor chest, $25; curly maple slender post bedstead, $175. Antiques, 2039 Moravian St., Philadelphia.

Help Wanted!

Are you in need of a Mother's Helper, Companion, Nurse, Governess, Teacher, Business or Professional Assistant? The Classified Want Department of The Outlook has for many years offered to subscribers a real service. A small advertisement in this department will bring results.

The rate is only ten cents per word, including address Department of Classified Advertising THE OUTLOOK 381 Fourth Avenue, New York City

A

NEGRO paper quotes Stephen Graham as reporting in "The Soul of John Brown" that a Negro minister had complained to him of the absurdity of making pictures of white angels for the children of the black race. "You surely would not like them black?" said the interviewer. "We give Sunday-school cards to our children with white angels on them. It's wrong," was the reply. "Black angels would be ugly." "No more ugly than white. . . . Isn't it absurd for us to be taught that the good are all white, and that sin itself is black?" "It does seem to leave you in the shade," Mr. Graham admitted. "Expressions such as 'black as sin' ought to be deleted from the language. One might as well say, 'white as sin,' " argued the Negro. It would be interesting to know how native Africans picture their ideals of goodness. It is well known that they look upon a white skin as unbeautiful. "You who are black!" is said to have been a form of reverential address uttered in presenting a petition to the Zulu kings in olden times.

Apropos of the above paragraph, it may be noted that a holiday display of colored (black) dolls is to be seen in a Brooklyn store window in a section where Negroes live, with the sign, "Colored Dolls Sold Here."

Adam Smith, author of "The Wealth of Nations," was a keen student of current events. A letter written by him in 1776 and now offered for sale by a London bookseller reads:

"... The American Campaign has begun awkwardly. I hope, I cannot say that I expect, it will end better. England, tho' in the present times it breeds men of great professional abilities in all different ways, great lawyers, great watchmakers, clockmakers, etc., etc., seems to breed neither statesmen nor generals."

The apple, according to an exchange, is the most famous of fruits, for it has figured in at least four stories of worldwide fame-the apple of the Garden of Eden, the golden apples of Atalanta, the apple of the William Tell legend, and the falling apple which was seen by Newton and which suggested to him the law of gravitation.

"Physical culture, father, is perfectly lovely!" exclaimed an enthusiastic young miss just home from college (as quoted in the "American Legion Weekly"). "Look! To develop the arms I grasp this rod in both hands and move it slowly from right to left."

"Well, well," replied dad, admiringly, "what won't science discover next? Why, if that rod had straw on the other end, you'd be sweeping."

Three battles in American history, according to a recent book, left no survivors. One took place in the Powder River country, near Fort Phil Kearney, where Captain Fetterman and eighty

men met their death at the hands of Red Cloud's warriors in 1866. Another was in Montana on the Little Big Horn River, in 1876, when Custer and over two hundred men lost their lives. At the Alamo, in 1836, the followers of Bowie and Davy Crockett fell to a man beneath overwhelming forces under Santa Anna. "Thermopylæ had its messenger of defeat; but from the three foregoing battlefields came no survivors."

An unsolicited testimonial to a Washington physician's skill, published in the "Journal" of the American Medical Association, reads in part as follows: "I had poison oak bad. I came to you and got me relief. I will sure recomend your stuff to all the boys who are here. I believe in giving the devil whar is do him and am writing so you will know that I appreshiate the same. Very truly P. S. If I sell some of this stuff for 2 a dose can I figure on keeping the other 50c.?"

A champion girl typist told a newspaper reporter recently how she acquired her facility and endurance. "Typewriting," she said, "is like any other form of athletics. If you want to compete in speed contests you must go into training and cut out pie and coffee and other harmful things like that, and work, work, work!" Five years ago she wrote 88 words a minute. Now she can write 137 words and aims at 150.

"The brightest feature of the British railway situation is found in the happy relations between the companies and their men," according to "The Engineer" (London). "Never, during the hundred years of railways, has this aspect of the railway position been so good. There is, at present, a noticeable esprit de corps among the men, a greater desire to give a day's work for a day's pay, both in the operating and the manufacturing and repairing branches. . . . We believe. and will almost go as far as to affirm, that the attitude of the men is the result of the unions having been recog nized and of the men themselves having been given a greater interest in the operation of the railways."

Recently, in Switzerland, according to the "Writer," a citizen was brought before a magistrate charged with failing to return a borrowed book, and sentenced to spend two days in jail and to pay a fine of forty francs, in addition to the value of the book. The magistrate in passing sentence said: "A book is a family utensil, like furniture, and is necessary to the welfare of the family." "The Writer" adds: "A practical way to secure the return of borrowed books is to put in the place of the book taken from the library shelf a piece of cardboard about the size of the book, on which is written the title of the volume, the name of the borrower, and the date when the book was lent." And, it might be added, when it is to be returned.

An admirable book for a gift, by HENRY Van Dyke

Companionable
Books

This delightful volume of literary studies will be a beloved and revealing companion. It is attractively illustrated, and is issued in a style uniform with the author's other books. Cloth, $2.00; leather, $3.00.

At all bookstores

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK

Why Children Don't Obey

OBEDIENCE is the foundation of character. Yet how

many parents discover constantly that their instructions to their children carry no farther than around the corner. And wilfulness, selfishness, jealousy, disrespect, untruthfulness, ill-temper and many other unpleasant qualities are directly related to that first great fault of disobedience.

New Methods for Old

Until now, scolding and whipping seem to have been about the parents' only methods. But new methods have been discovered which make it easy to train children to obey promptly, pleasantly and surely without breaking

the child's will, without cresting fear, resentment or revenge in the child's heart, as whipping does. This new method is based on confidence. When perfect understanding and sympathy exist, obedience comes naturally and all the bad traits that children pick up so easily are not given a chance to develop.

Highest Endorsements

This new system, which has been put into the form of an Illustrated Course, prepared especially for the busy parent, is producing remarkable and immediate results for thousands of parents in all parts of the world, and is endorsed by leading educators. It covers all ages from cradle to eighteen years.

Free Book

"New Methods in Child Training" is the title of a startling book which describes this new system and outlines the work of the Parents Association. Send letter or postal today and the book will be sent free-but do it now as this announcement may never come to your notice again. THE PARENTS ASSOCIATION, Dept. 112 Pleasant Hill, Ohio.

So

Three Plays

By LUIGI PIRANDELLO

-Six Characters in Search of an Author." a recent success in London and a present sensation in New York, is to be produced this winter by Pitoelf in Paris and Remhards in Berim and Musach. The publication of it, with two other plays also in his characteristically origmal and brillant manger, has moved the critics to say that the publication of Pirandello's Three Plays seem to us now as important a work as the first publication of Shaw's plays." First Amer. ed. Imited to 174 ouçues. $3.50

The Romantic World of
Music

By WILLIAM ARMSTRONG HENRY T. FINCK, the musical crine of the Ner 1 Fresa: Pot.commends this book of anodices about the famous singers whose friendstops the author has shared it is the most personal and entertain ing book on musicians published in years" Wits 3 portraits. $5.00

William Dean Howells

By DELMAR GROSS COOKE BRANDER MATTHEWS writes in the I „derstand Bo-Be It is the kod of book which Howells urself wild have been glad to read and perhaps even to review.... It is because Mr. Cooke is as keen-eyed as he is open-minded that this stady of the work and of aŭ the weeks of a great artist in letters is likely to hasten the day when the abading value of Howells's contributi su be more widely recognized and more soody supported.” $3.00

Our Unconscious Mind

By FREDERICK PIERCE It should be read by every one interested in Autospendue. Very super and clearly he describes the work of Cone ani Bam: discusses some of the extreme clams for actos crestion and offers a practaca, method for me agçovation to everyday life

The Outlook

Copyright, 1922, by The Outlook Company TABLE OF CONTENTS

Vol. 132 December 20, 1922 No. 16

THE OUTLOOK IS PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE OUTLOOK COMPANY. 181 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK. LAWRENCE F. ABBOTT, PRESIDENT. 3. T. PULSIPER, VICE-PRESIDENT, PRANK C. HOTT, TREASURER. ERNEST 8. ABBOTT, SECRETARY. TRAVERS D. CARMAN, ADVERTISING DIRECTOR.

The Turco-Bolshevist Menace........ 698 Special Correspondence from the Lausanne Conference by Elbert Francis Baldwin

Some Impressions of a Trip to Europe 699 Special Correspondence by Baron S. A. Korff Ellis Island Through Russian Eyes... 701 Illustrations by Usa Gombarg

The Heart of Alaska...............

By Sherman Rogers

Christmas at Hattonchâtel: A Story

704

of Village Reconstruction in France 707 By Belle Skinner

Christmas Eve on the Plantation.... 709

By Archibald Rutledge

Fuel for Steamboats and Humans.... 712
By Fullerton Waldo

The Enjoyment of Music: What is
Good Piano Playing?...........

By W. J Henderson

713

718

719

723

CHARLES JOSER
BONAPARTE

His Life and Pa
By Joseph Buck

This is an able biography d u na ing American whose long reservice showed him a poves good government. As Att stood shoulder to shoulder Roosevelt in his strenuous trust domination. Mr. Bub admirably the spirit of the m lessness, integrity and charsetan

Illustrated. $3

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NET",

TEACHERS' AGENC The Pratt Teachers

70 Fifth Avenue, New In Recommends teachers to colleges polic Advises parents about schools. Wm. 0. F

TRAINING SCHOOLS FOR

St. John's Riverside Hospita School for Nurses

YONKERS, NEW YOR Registered in New York State, offen ä as general training to refined, educate sents one year high school or its equa Directress of Nurses, Yonkers, New York

BRONZE

HONOR ROL
HISTORICAL TABL

Write us your requirem REED & BARTON, TAUNT

Says President W. H. P. Faun

of Brown University "I read every paragraph in the Century every week with cons ing satisfaction. Here is a jou puts first things first and leaves 3 things far out on the circumfere

EDITORIAL STAFF Charles Clayton Morrison Herbert L. Willett Orvis F Ju Joseph Fort Newton John R. B Lynn Harold Hough Edward S Alva W. Taylor Thomas C Cad The Christian Century is distinguish candid discussion of living issues

of the mind of Christ

Pictures from an Outlook Reader

Two Generations of American Au

thors

724

By Brander Matthews

Mail Coupon to-day.

The New Books.

725

Books Received.

726

727

New York City

Foreign po

་་

DECEMBER 20, 1922

& A. Photos

HE AMERICAN NAVAL ISSION TO BRAZIL

Γ

HE United States Naval Mission to Brazil sailed December 9, on the Pan-American of the Munson Line. This mission is the first of its kind ever ent out by this country. It consists of sixteen naval officers and nineteen petty officers of our Navy. It is headed by Rear-Admiral Vogelgesang, Commandant of the Brooklyn Navy Yard. The sending of this mission to Brazil has considerable political significance and should help our relations with Brazil and PanAmericanism. The French Government sent a military mission of French army officers to Brazil some time ago. There has been considerable interest in naval circles throughout the world to see what country Brazil would invite to send a naval mission to assist in reorganizing the Brazilian navy.

It is significant that Brazil chose to invite America to send this mission. The officers in the mission are men who have specialized in naval strategy, the operation of submarines, destroyers, mineaying, naval engineering, the gunnery of battleships; with an experienced aviaor, a doctor, and a paymaster. The nineeen enlisted men are all the very best mechanics of our Navy and include torcedo men, radio men, engineers, turret captains, gunners' mates, machinists, aviation mechanics-in fact, skilled men

able to deal with any mechanical problem in the fleet. Our Secretary of State and the Brazilian Ambassador in Washington signed a formal agreement covering a period of four years as the life of the mission.

A Washington correspondent of The Outlook states that Brazil claims that her military expenditures to-day are fortyfive per cent less than they were in 1913; that she was not able during the war to do anything to strengthen her Navy and that costs during the first few years after the war were prohibitive; so that her Navy is not sufficient even for the proper defense of her long coast-line, large area, and population. She has but two modern battleships. Brazil's delegate at the meeting of the Disarmament Commission in Geneva several months ago opposed the plan proposed for international limitation, on the ground that it would never permit Brazil to build a navy yard (she has none at present) and that it would give her insufficient national defense.

NEWS MAHAN WOULD ENJOY

HE Navy Department has announced

Tthat the Atlantic and the Pacific

fleets are to be united under a single commander. This announcement should mean much to the American people.

It is essential that our fleet, now that the race in battleship construction has

THE NAVAL

COMMISSION
APPOINTED
TO CONFER

WITH THE

BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT Front row, left to right: Captain L. M. Overstreet, Captain Thomas E. Kearney, Rear-Admiral Vogelgesang, head of the Commission; Captain J. J. Cheatham, Commander V. S. Rossiter, Commander A. W. Fitch. Back row, left to right: Commodore D. G.

Ellyson, Commodore A. T. Beauregard, Lieutenant J. D. Pennington,

Commodore R. S. Holmes,

Lieutenant P. S. Carrol. An article by Captain Overstreet entitled "Naval Strategy as Affected by Aircraft and Battleships" will be published in an early issue of The Outlook

been practically eliminated, should even more than ever be maintained at the highest level of efficiency. With the fleet divided and under separate commands, this ideal was impossible of attainment. A fleet is something more than an aggregation of ships. It must function in peace time as a unit if it is to be effective in times of National crisis. Its leader must not only know the vessels under his command, but must also know the personalities and the mental attitudes of his captains. They, in turn, must be familiar with the method by which their chief approaches the problems before him.

Under Secretary Daniels all this advantage was thrown away by the adoption of a policy of division which the naval history of every nation has shown to be fallacious. The new order not only means increased naval efficiency, but it also assures the American people that politics will not govern the disposition of their first line of defense.

A FAMOUS COLLEGE OARSMAN

NIFTY years ago next summer Robert

FJ. Cook, familiarly known to several

generations of college oarsmen as Bob Cook, set himself deliberately and almost stolidly a double task. One was to pull Yale out of the slough of defeat; the other was to better the style and form of American amateur rowing. As a