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although their attachment to the Union was deep, and strong and heartfelt, and was known to each other, they nevertheless had the understanding that in all the mere outward displays, they would pretend an acquiescence in or approval of the Confederate Government. Some succeeded in this course of deceiving the rebel mobs and Provost marshals as to their real feelings up to the time when they were happily released from rebel bondage by the arrival of Federal troops. Others again, of the same class, were detected in their movements as sympathizers with the Union, before the loyal troops could come to their aid, and were sent out of the Confederacy, like Flanders, Hubbard, Tewell, and others, of New Orleans, or were hanged or made to mysteriously disappear.

"The third class consisted of such as never under any circumstances, or at any time even pretended to recognize the Confederate Government. I know of but one man in Louisiana who belonged to this class and who came up fully and completely to this home standard. This man was Dr. Anthony P. Dostie. One day he was seen making his way through an ante-room crowded with confederates, into the office of the traitor Twiggs, whom he addressed in this manner:

"GENERAL: Your superior, Jefferson Davis, has is sued a proclamation which is published in this morning's papers, notifying all Union men, or alien enemies, as they are called, to leave the Confederate States for the North within a time specified. I consider myself as embraced within that proclamation. I am a Union man. I do not recognize the Confederacy, and as your superior has ordered me to depart from your military lines, I expect I shall be protected in complying with this order; and I

have come to demand of you a pass enabling me to go North."

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'Twiggs eyed the man with wonder, and for some time hesitated about granting the request; but a perusal of the proclamation of Jeff. Davis, and of the Confederate law, on which it was based, convinced him that he had no right to withhold the pass. Armed with the paper furnished him by Twiggs, the noble Dostic left his home, his business and his property, and took the cars for the North. His trip was not one of the most agreeable character: for on the route on exhibiting his pass to the military, his status, of course, became known, and he frequently receive insults from mobs, and was even thrust into prison, notwithstanding his pass from Gen. Twiggs. When he finally escaped from Dixie and reached Chicago, he wrote a letter which was published in a New York paper, giving a truthful account of what he saw and heard within the rebel lines. In this letter, speaking of the heroic efforts of the Union men of Tennessee to keep their State within the Union, he exclaims: 'God bless Andrew Johnson.””

Fear did not, however, prevent Hahn on the 6th of May, 1860, at Lafayette Square, New Orleans, from offering the following resolution :

"Resolved, That we the citizens of New Orleans, regardless of all the minor differences of opinion that divide the people of this country politically, are of one mind and one heart, in support of the Union of these States, and that as long as the Constitution of the Republic and the laws enacted by Congress in accordance therewith can be maintained inviolate, as we confidently believe they can be, we shall regard with abhorrence all attempts to destroy the pa

ternal ligaments which bind the sovereign members of

this glorious confederation ; and we here solemnly

pledge ourselves, one to the other, and all to our country, to oppose all parties whose claims to public confidence are in any manner identified with disunion sentiments or designs, and to regard as enemies to Republican liberty all who attempt to separate these States from the Union."

The antagonism between slave aristocracy and liberal principles, was one of the conspicuous causes of the war. In 1860–61, the slave power ruled with a rod of oppression the entire South. Raising her potent hand she exclaimed in demoniac tones, "Behold the destiny of liberty crushed by the power of despotism: She shall be buried beneath the corner-stone of the Confederacy,' and upon her ruins shall rise an empire devoted to Slavery." The great mass of Southern aristocrats cried out in their madness, "Let us fall down and worship our idol-Human Bondage !"

Thuggery-offspring of the "pet institution"-scrutinized with a watchful eye all inovations, designated "reforms." Lucien Adams, chief of the Thugs in New Orleans, protected with the bowie knife and pistol the interests of the devotees to the ruling power, and marked with his murderous eye the man who dared to whisper "reform." The Police were all Thugs. "Assassi nation " was their watchword. Their record is marked by tyranny, outrage and murder. Monroe, the Mayor of the city, given up to the worst features of slaveocratic law was the personification of Thuggery. A man of no moral principle or intellectual culture, he was just the magistrate required to legalize the crimes of a people given up to intrigue and conspiracy. A lover of faction

and anarchy, without the boldness to lead a mob, his forte was to accomplish by intrigue and cunning what he could not accomplish by his infamous treason and defiant manner. In his official capacity, he always had an excuse for crime, a smile for a traitor and a word of encouragement for his companions in rebellion. It was a class of men like Monroe and Adams, that the multitude followed. They possessed the true spirit of slavery. It was sufficient for these instigators of riot to indicate a spot on which to assemble, to create a panic, or infuse a sudden rage in the breasts of the populace, and prepare them for murderous action.

CHAPTER V.

BUTLER'S MILITARY RULE IN NEW ORLEANS.

May 1st, 1862, is a memorable day in the history of New Orleans. On that day, General Butler gladdened the hearts of a patriot nation, and struck terror into rebellion, by seizing the stronghold of Treason-the metropolis of the South. When Lincoln said to the noble. Farragut, "Go with the fleet to New Orleans, and to the brave Butler; take your troops to that rebellious city;" he believed that the nation must be all free-that destiny had decreed the death of the national curse.

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'Sweep from the waters of the Mississippi the foul works of traitor hands," was the command of Farragut to his brave men. Victory was theirs, and the StarSpangled Banner floated in the breeze, and the national airs from an heroic band mingled with the music of the waters, in glad praises to freedom and loyalty. Farragut had struck the blow the Government required at his hands, and added a trophy to our naval laurels. Butler, as commander of the United States troops, was now to regulate the disordered elements, which had made New Orleans a tempestuous sea of revolt and anarchy. The harmonious action of the army and navy soon calmed the storms which threatened to destroy the riotous city. The news of the great Union victory over treason's

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