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to draw upon them for defence. Of this Constitution, it was said by the immortal and lamented Lincoln, that he had read it through twice, and 'thought it the best Constitution yet adopted by any State.' Had not the enemies of progress and liberty controlled this State in opposition to the policy of the champion of liberty and loyalty, Louisiana would have stood upon the broad platform of constitutional liberty, when she would have exclaimed through the people, 'I have bent the tyrant's rod, I have broken the yoke of slavery, and to-day she stands redeemed.' But, alas! who, under the policy of Andrew Johnson, the author of these noble words, have been the participants in the work of reorganization? Has it been those 'loyal to freedom, loyal to justice,' men true and faithful to the rights of humanity? What has been the course of action of the Governor of Louisiana, of the State Government, of the Government of New Orleans, the metropolis of the South. History, true to justice, will not fail to point out the true story and give its moral to the future. It will solve this problem of reconstruction and seal the doom of the enemies of human rights. Antagonistic systems of government cannot exist. There is no harmony between liberty and slavery. Their friends will never be in sympathy, can never work together in the vitally important work of reconstruction. Uncompromising and eternal war has been declared between slavery and freedom. Peace will never come until this antagonism ceases, and pure republican, democratic principles triumph over the arrogant slave powers.

"Andrew Johnson says the people will 'give evidence to the nations of the earth and to its own citizens that

it has the power to restore internal peace.' Yes, the American people will give this evidence, against all Andrew Johnson's diabolical machinations to inaugurate another horrid rebellion. Let Andrew Johnson beware of treachery in himself, lest he call down the vengeance of betrayed millions.

"My countrymen-the loyal element, regardless of race or color, must master and control the destinies of Louisiana, or the enemies of Liberty, the sworn vindictive enemies of the Great Republic, will again. raise the banner of treason and trail in the dust that glorious flag which has inscribed upon its folds, 'Union, Confidence, Justice, Freedom, Enfranchisementthe salvation and perpetuity of the Nation.' Lovers of liberty and human rights-I call upon you in the name of our venerated fathers, in the name of the love you bear for the rising generation, to meet with brave hearts and iron resolves the vital issues now before you. In our struggle to achieve and maintain republican institutions, we are sustained by the glorious Congress who are laboring ‘TO MAKE TREASON ODIOUS,' and enact governments that will 'insure freedom to the free.' When this glorious desideratum is achieved, this GEEAT Nation will justly claim that Unity and Liberty destined for a land of FREEDOM."

CHAPTER XXVI.

MONROE RE-ELECTED MAYOR OF NEW ORLEANS.

The reconstructed of New Orleans preferred men to govern the city dyed a few shades deeper in the blood of the friends of the United States Government than those already holding the municipal offices. Looking back upon the days of thuggery with evident pleasure, the returned rebels nominated John T. Monroe for Mayor, and Lucien Adams for one of the Recorders of the city. The following was a reason given by one of the returned Confederates for the nomination of Monroe:

"He is a staunch member of the National Democratic party, an earnest supporter of the reconstruction policy of President Johnson, and an advocate of peace, harmony and good will.”

The following is from the pen of an ex-confederate officer who was upon the ticket of municipal officers to be elected in New Orleans on the Monday to which he refers:

"We must stand by Andrew Johnson in his contest with radicalism, already fierce, and destined to become fiercer and more ferocious. We ought to preserve the organization of the National Democratic party in all its completeness and integrity. We cannot afford to lose the present occasion of demonstrating to the President

that in his fight with radicalism he has all our sympathies.

"It cannot be objected that in a merely municipal election this is a matter of minor importance, and that our Federal relations have nothing to do with it.

"The chief commercial city of the South will have an opportunity next Monday of deciding by what majority she allies herself with the only party that can save the country from ruin.”

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The Democratic nominees for the city offices were elected on the 12th of March, 1866. The New Orleans Press and the friends of the Administration were jubilant over the election. Rozier, Rozelius, Fellows, and others who were in sympathy with President Johnson's reconstructed," considered it a joyful victory over the radical Republican party. Loyal men were overwhelmed with reproaches and threats by the dominant party if they dared resist the encroachments of thuggery by word or act. The state of affairs caused a general indignation in the hearts of the loyal masses, who trembled with fear as they saw the workings of "My Policy," but were powerless to defend justice against the encroachments of the organizations by which they were surrounded. The unanimous voice of the truly loyal in New Orleans was "deliver us from our enemies and the corrupt men in official positions." Even the mild and gentle Canby, who was always disinclined to interfere with civil law, sustained by Executive authority, was startled from his repose upon the announcement of the election of Monroe.

The following orders were issued by the commanding General:

HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF LOUISIANA,}

NEW ORLEANS, La., March 19, 1866. Special Orders, No. 63.

[Extract.]

2. It appearing that John T. Monroe, who received, respectively, at the late municipal election a majority of the votes for the office of Mayor, may come within the class of exceptions mentioned in the President's proclamation of amnesty, not having received a special pardon, will be suspended from the exercise of any of the functions of his office until his case can be investigated and the pleasure of the President be made known. By order of Major-General E. R. S. Canby. WICKHAM HOFFMAN, Assistant Adjutant-General.

Official.

NATHANIEL Burbank,

1st Lieut., Acting Asst.-Adjt.-Gen.

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF LOUISIANA.
NEW ORLEANS, La., March 19, 1866.

Special Orders, No. 63.]

[Extract.]

}

3. J. Add. Rozier, Esq., is appointed Mayor of the city of New Orleans, pro tempore, and will act in that capacity until the municipal government of the city is organized, as provided for by the fifteenth section of the city charter, in the case of the sickness or temporary absence of the Mayor.

By order of Maj.-Gen. E. R. S. Canby.

Official:

NATHANIEL BURBANK,

WICKHAM HOFFMAN, Assistant Adjutant-General.

1st Lieut., Act. Asst. Adj.-Gen.

Can it be supposed by a reflecting mind that, had Arnold applied to Washington for pardon, he would have been reinstated as General of the United States forces? or that, had Monroe sought pardon from Lincoln, he would have been reinstated Mayor of New Orleans?

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