Notwithstanding the two court rulings which offer temporary protection, the final solution has yet to be provided and in the meantime the danger of dumping remains. Each year European nations may be expected to declare numbers of their Military craft obsolete and the temptation will persist to endeavor to throw them on the United States market. The situation, as revealed by Gen. Menoher and Gen. Mitchell, is unchanged in so far as a national policy is concerned, and must remain pregnant with danger to the national defense until Congress enacts anti-dumping legislation protecting the aircraft industry.
CHRONOLOGY OF AERONAUTICS
January 1-December 31, 1920
(For Earlier Chronologies, see Aircraft Year Book, 1919 and 1920) *See amplification at close of this chapter.
*January 13 January 19 January 21
January 21 February February 4
British Air Ministry announces opening of Cape to Cairo air route.
Commander A. C. Read completes recruiting flight of 7,740 nautical miles in N.C.-4.
James H. Knight flies airplane mail from Cleveland to Bellefonte, Pa., 215 miles, in 83 minutes. Average speed 156 m.p.h.
M. Sadi Lecointe, in Nieuport machine, reported to have covered 190 kilometers in 42 minutes 53% seconds. Speed 166 miles an hour.
Chicago Aeronautical Exposition under auspices of the Manufacturers Aircraft Association, Inc. (See Ap- pendix.)
H. S. flying boat from Naval Air Station, Coco Solo, C.Z. with Lieut. (jg) O. D. Williams and Ensign E. Chourre pursues runaway kite balloon and rescues crew of three.
Mississippi Valley Aviation Clubs Association organ- izes in Chicago and adopts resolutions recommending concentration of all air activities, military, naval and civil, within single department of the Government. Hamilton Club of Chicago passes resolution urging ne- cessity for National Aeronautical Department. Aerial survey of Panama region begun by Naval Avia- tion.
Geological Survey co-operates with Aviation Section Marine Corps, in mapping coastline of Haiti.
Aircraft responsible for victory of British and Italian troops over forces of the "Mad Mullah" in Abyssinia. C. J. Zimmerman, Keyport, N. J., takes off and lands Aeromarine 40-L Flying Boat on the ice at Raritan Bay. Consignment of Curtiss H.S.-2-Ls, Curtiss H.-16s, and several Aeromarine and Boeing flying boats, and parts, worth a half million dollars is shipped to aerial trans- port company in China.
Aerial Post started between Helsingfors, Finland, and Reval, Russia.
Sadi Lecointe, flying Nieuport biplane at Villacoublay, reported to have made speed record under new regulations of the F. A. I. covering kilometer course in both directions at 171.3 m.p.h.
Lieuts. Ferrari and Masiero start Rome-Tokio flight. M. Casale, in Spad Herbemont biplane, with two passengers, attains reported height of 7300 meters (24,000 ft.).
The American Embassy organizes weekly aerial service from Paris to Warsaw, via Coblenz and Berlin. Congressional Committee visits Air Station at Hamp- ton Roads. Representatives Britten, Hicks, Oliver and Venable make short flight in airship F.-1.
Fleet of five H.S.-2 and five H.-16 flying boats from Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Fla., participate in Mardi Gras festival at New Orleans and one H.S.-1 and twelve N.-9s participate in fete at Mobile. Major R. W. Schroeder, flying 400 h.p. Liberty motored Packard Lepere biplane equipped with Moss turbo- compressor, establishes world's altitude record of 33,- 000 ft. at McCook Field, Dayton, O. Record calibrated by U. S. Bureau of Standards. F. A. I. method indi- cates 33,114 ft.
Radio messages from airplanes during maneuvers of 37th Inf., Ft. Mackintosh received over distance of 175 miles.
Calcutta-Bombay Flight. Handley Page airplane, pi- loted by Capt. Clarke and carrying one servant, two mechanics, three passengers and three press representa- tives, arrives at Bombay 9 P. M., having flown from Calcutta. Distance of 1200 miles in 17 hours. Maj. Albert D. Smith flies reconstructed Boeing-De Haviland 1400 miles in one day from Camp Lewis, Wash., to San Diego, Cal. His course lay almost en- tirely over mountains 6000 to 7000 feet high.
Second annual aeronautical exposition Manufacturers' Aircraft Association at 71st Regiment Armory, New York City. (See Appendix.)
Dayton-Washington Flight. Lieut. H. R. Harris with Lieut. A. L. Smith, Lieut. E. B. Koger of Navy, and Clarence B. Coombs fly 12-passenger Martin Army Transport Airplane from McCook Field, Dayton, to Bolling Field, Washington, 385 miles, in 3 hrs., 63 min. First seaplane flight of Belgian mission establishes aerial transport in Congo, between Kinshasa and Bo- lobo, 200 miles in 2 hrs., 39 min.
New York State Legislature adopts resolution urging Congress to enact federal laws for regulation of aerial traffic, instead of leaving it to individual states to pass conflicting legislation. (See Legislative Section, Ap- pendix.)
Edward Musick, Aeromarine pilot, with J. J. Boland, company engineer, glides over snow covered ice in
April 18-May 2 April 21-28
Aeromarine Flying Boat, takes off, and flies over steamship "Princess Ann," ashore off Rockaway Point. Finds that rescue work has been accomplished and returns, landing this time on snow covered landing field.
Air Mail service started between Barcelona and Las Palmas, Mallorca, 112 miles.
First successful flight from Cairo to Capetown com- pleted by Col. van Ryneveld and Major Brand. C. J. Zimmerman, pilot, makes successful trial flight in new Aeromarine Model A. S. Ship's Scout at Key- port, N. J. Seaplane hops off after run of five seconds. Air Mail pilot, James H. Knight, flies 340 miles from New York to Cleveland in 2 hrs., 10 min., average speed 157 m.p.h., with 16,000 letters. Radio communication established between seaplane and Naval Air Station, Anacostia, and between seaplane and submarine in Navy Yard, demonstrating possible communication up to 70 miles between submarine and seaplane.
Capt. W. R. Lawson and Lieut. R. E. Davis make military reconnaissance flight of 900 miles between Langley Field, Va.- Camp Glenn, N. C.— Wilmington, N. C.- Fayetteville, N. C.- Charleston, S. C.-Fayette- ville, N. C.-Langley Field, Va. Actual flying time 11 hrs., 23 min.; elapsed time 58 hours., 25 min.
Lieut. Everett Davis, 8th Aero Squadron, in D.H.-4-B flies from Kelly Field to McAllen, Texas, covering 256 miles in 100 min.
First Aero Conference of South Africa.
Air Mail service opened on Frejus-Toulouse-Rabat route, for Spanish mails between Barcelona, Alicante and Malaga.
Juan Leguia, son of Peruvian President, breaks local record for non-stop flight, covering 300 miles between Lima and Trujillo, Peru, in Curtiss "Oriole." During railroad tie-up, Aeromarine Flying boat pi- loted by C. J. Zimmerman, carrying 500 copies of the Wall Street Edition of the N. Y. Evening Post, flies to Red Bank, N. J., delivering papers 30 minutes after leaving New York.
Seaplane races at Monaco, France. Grand Prix de Monaco is awarded to Sadi Lecointe.
San Francisco Aeronautical Exposition under auspices of Manufacturers' Aircraft Association. (See Appen- dix.)
Pacific Aeronautical Association at meeting, San Fran- cisco, urges Congress to establish transcontinental air mail lines, air laws, regulate aviation in general, en- courage cities to establish municipal landing fields and to aid development of commercial planes.
Two naval H.S.2-Ls commanded by Lieut. Commander R. D. Kirkpatrick and Lieut. W. R. Cobb, fly from
Honolulu to Hilo and back, a distance of 210 miles each way.
Pilot Clifford Webster flies Curtiss H.S.2-L flying boat with two passengers from Florida to New York, 1,345 miles, in 18 hrs., 27 min.
Over a measured course at Naval Air Station, Rocka
way, Curtiss 'Wasp" piloted by Roland Rohlfs, flies at a speed of 140 miles an hour, breaking former speed record by 14 miles an hour. Flight made under offi- cial cognizance of navy officials.
First warrant in United States for reckless aerial driving is issued in Los Angeles against Omer Lock- lear, Aero Club of Southern California, complainant. Orenco "Tourister" at Hazelhurst Field, Minneola, pi- loted by Clarence Coombs, with three passengers, reaches altitude of 6,000 feet in 8 min., 750 feet a min. Aircraft Exposition opens Groningen, Holland. Lieut. F. D. Hackett flies from Mather Field to Ream Field, 490 miles, in a D.H.-9 Liberty in 4 hrs. I min. Eclipse of the moon observed by Lieuts. J. H. Tilton and W. H. Cushing of the naval station, Rockaway Beach, L. I., at height of nearly 31⁄2 miles. Oregon, Washington, and Idaho Airplane Company, Curtiss distributors for Northwest, contract with Ore- gon Journal for delivery of 300 pounds of newspapers daily to Astoria and Seaside during summer months. This service enables readers to get their papers ten hours earlier than would have been possible otherwise. Two Curtiss K-6 motored Standard J-1 planes fly from New York to Minneapolis with consignment of dry goods.
First annual intercollegiate competition held by U. S. Army Air Service, the Intercollegiate Flying Associa- tion, and the American Flying Club at Mitchel Field, Mineola, L. I.
Opening of aerial mail route between Peking and Tien Tsin.
Clarence Coombs with three passengers in Orenco touring plane, ascends 16,000 feet.
Bournemouth Police Court, London, fines Reginald Edmund Tollerfield, pilot, for flying at dangerously low altitude. First procedure of the kind in England. D.H.-4 plane piloted by Lieut. R. W. Blessley with Lieut. D. D. Watson, observer, flies over Panama Canal. Aerial photographic map made, saving engi- neering corps months of work on the ground. First inter-city flight on Pacific Coast in dirigible B-18, non-stop from San Diego to Los Angeles and return, 250 miles in 51⁄2 hours.
First annual army air tournament held at Bolling Field, exhibition of aerobatics and combat flying by army pilots.
First aerial mail plane arrives in Chicago from Omaha
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