bearing notations or other proper evidence of loss, accompany draft.

When the proceeds of the sale of cars are received in the Redlands office, and all papers pertaining to the transaction are attached to the remittance they are turned over to the traffic department for the auditing of the freight charges, etc. Errors are then noted on the papers and the papers returned to the accounting department where a complete audit is made of the transaction. Verifying the sizes, quantity, quality, prices, extensions, footings, deduction of selling charges and protecting of any undercharge of freight, etc. Very often the exact amounts protecting for transportation costs are called for by the transportation companies, which speaks well for the accuracy of our traffic department.

Banking Arrangements

In our larger markets where we have buyers who pay cash for the car upon receipt of the delivery order, we have established an M. O. D. bank account in which account the agent deposits the buyer's check for the car upon receipt of the same, immediately drawing M. O. D. check to our order, signed by himself and forwarding it to us, with account sales and all papers. When signed by the president, general manager, or secretary, it is deposited in our bank for collection, the same as any ordinary check. This eliminates the possibility of a check being sent to California, return to an eastern city for collection and then being returned to California dishonored, in which case three weeks' time would slapse without our knowing that the buyer's check had not been paid.

Harmony Prevails

From the foregoing, it is clear that the harmonious co-operation in an organization such as ours is responsible for the results which have been obtained. The finance department necessarily works very closely with the sales department, with the traffic department and all other departments.

Marmalades should be covered with paraffin the same as jellies.

Highgrove Mutual Citrus Association Formed To Serve Hemet and Highgrove Districts

New Organization To Operate on Strictly NonProfit Co-operative Basis and Will Handle Output of from 100 to 125 Cars This Season. Will Ship Through M.O.D.

T

The

HE Highgrove Mutual Citrus Association was organized Wednesday, September 6th, at Highgrove for the purpose of packing and shipping citrus fruits from the Hemet and Highgrove districts. Mr. J. H. Cox of Highgrove was unanimously selected to serve as president; L. T. Schwacofer of Hemet, vice president and H. L. Bursk, secretary. board of directors, elected to serve until_the next annual meeting consists of J. H. Cox, Highgrove; L. T. Schwacofer, Hemet; H. L. Bursk, Riverside; W. A. Hart, Highgrove; F. L. Hart, Hemet; Charles Ott, Hemet, and W. C. Kreigbaum, Riverside. The head office of the new corporation will be maintained at Highgrove, where the packing house is located. The manager has not yet been selected.

Original Members

The original members who signed the articles of incorporation are F. L. Hart, Hemet; J. H. Cox, Highgrove; L. T. Schwacofer, Hemet; Charles Ott, Hemet; Charles M. Smythe, Hemet; Geo. Replogle, Hemet; J. R. Wilson, Hemet; Geo. E. Bergen, Hemet; C. R. and Lorena McAdams, C. R. McAdams and M. W. McCrea, Hemet; W. A. Hart, Highgrove; W. G. Kreigbaum, Riverside; J. E. Schermerhorn, Colton; Bursk Bros., Riverside; J. M. Temple, Percival Hall and E. A. Wood of Hemet.

The association will ship its fruit through the Mutual Orange Distributors, Redlands.

Mr. and Mrs. H. G. Boehner are receiving the congratulations of their many friends in Olive upon the birth of a beautiful baby girl.

Well preserved fruits should be so saturated with the sugar solution that they will be transparent.

In making fancy packs of preserves only unbroken fruit should be used. Broken fruit should be used for fruit butter or jam.

Acme

Executing Written Will

Q. How is a written will executed? A. B., Lindsay.

A. Every will, other than a nuncupative will, must be in writing, and every will, other than an olographic will, and a nuncupative will, must be executed and attested as follows:

1. It must be subscribed at the end thereof by the testator himself, or some person in his presence and by his direction must subscribe his name thereto;

2. The subscription must be made in the presence of the attesting witnesses, or be acknowledged by the testator to them to have been made by him or by his authority;

3. The testator must, at the time of subscribing or acknowledging the same declare to the attesting witnesses that the instrument is his will; and

4. There must be two attesting witnesses, each of whom must sign the same as a witness, at the end of the will, at the testator's request and in his presence. It must be remembered that an olographic will is one that is entirely written, dated, and signed by the hand of the testator himself. It is subject to no other form, and may be made in or out of this state, and need not be witnessed.

Formation of Non-Profit Association

Q. How many persons are required to form a non-profit co-operative agricultural association? P. S., Porterville.

A. Three or more persons engaged in the production, preserving, drying, packing, shipping (manufacturing, preparing for market or) marketing of agricultural, viticultural, of horticultural products, or all of them may form a non-profit co-operative association under the provisions of this title, to carry on said business, and such association shall have, and may exercise, the powers authorized by this title, and the powers necessarily incidental thereto and all other powers granted to private corporations by the laws of this state, except such powers as are inconsistent with those granted by this title.

Usual Kinds of Insurance

What are the usual kinds of insurance? H. H., Corona.

A. Presuming that you refer to general types of insurance, we submit the following: (1) Marine (2) Fire (3) Life (4) Health and (6) Accident Insurance.

Innkeepers Liability

Q. To what extent is the proprietor of an hotel responsible for property of guests? L. A., Los Angeles.

A. The liability of an innkeeper, hotel keeper, boarding or lodging house keeper, for losses of or

injuries to personal property, other than money placed by his guests, boarders or lodgers under his care, is that of a depositary for hire. It is provided, however, that in no case shal such liability exceed the sum of one hundred dollars for each trunk and its contents, fifty dollars for each valise or traveling bag and contents, and ten dollars for each box, bundle or package and contents so placed under his care, and all other miscellaneous effects including wearing appare and personal belongings, two hundred and fifty dollars unless he shall have consented in writing with the owner thereof to assume greater liability.

Non-Profit Membership

Q. Please explain in detail the membership requirements of a non-profit co-operative agricultural association. M. R., Rialto.

A. Such association shall not issue capital stock, but shall issue membership certificates to each member. Its business shall not be carried on for profit. Any person or any number of persons, in addition to the original incorporators, may become members of such association, upon such terms and conditions as to membership and subject to such rules and regulations as to their, and each of their, contract, and other rights and liabilities between it and the member, as the said association shall provide in its by-laws.

The association shall issue a certificate of membership to each member, but the said membership, or the said certificate thereof, shall not be assigned by a member to any other person, nor shall the assigns thereof be entitled to mem(Continued on Page 24)

THE SUREST AND PUREST FOR DUSTING AND BLEACHING

ANCHOR BRAND SUBLIMED VELVET FLOWERS OF SULPHUR, also EAGLE BRAND and FLEUR DE SOUFRE, packed in double sacks, are the FLUFFIEST and PUREST sulphurs money can buy. The fine light SNOWFLAKELIKE particles float to every surface and crevice of the plant.

Do not adulterate these sulphurs with any inert material such as Lime or Kaolin, etc. Coating the sulphur particles with an inert material PREVENTS the FUMING ACTION caused by the sun's rays. TRY OUR "ALFA" BRAND DRY WETTABLE SULPHUR Send for Circulars 6, 8 and 10 about our "Toro" Brand Agri

BO

KIZ

ANCHOR Cultural Compound and booklet

"The Truth About Sublimed
Sulphur," also price list.

VELVETROWERS SAN FRANCISCO Sulphur Co.

SULPHUR

624 CALIFORNIA STREET SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA

Attorney's Point of View

(Continued from Page 22)

bership in the association, or to any property rights or interests therein. Nor shall a purchaser at execution sale, or any other person who may succeed, by operation of law or otherwise to the property interests of a member, be entitled to membership, or become a member of the association by virtue of such transfer. The board of directors may, however, by motion duly adopted by it, consent to such assignment or transfer and to the acceptance of the assignee or transferee as a member of the asosciation, but the association shall have the right, by its bylaws, to provide for or against the transfer of membership and for or against the assignment of membership certificates, and also the terms and conditions upon which any such transfer or assignment shall be allowed.

Mr. E. R. Stillens of the Garden Grove Mutual Orange Association is constructing a magnificent new home of Spanish design on his 20-acre grove 11⁄2 miles east of Garden Grove.

New homes are being built by the following growers of the Fullerton district: T. B. Watters, C. M. Bean and W. R. Ritchie.

According to latest reports, Mr. Sam Whippo and G. E. Shaw, formerly of the Fullerton Mutual packinghouse, trimmed Mr. W. H. Blodget, Jr., field manager of the M. O. D., and J. H. Ritchie, of the Anaheim Co-operative Orange Association, in a bowling match staged in Anaheim.

The Mutual Fumigating Company, operating in Garden Grove, Covina and Fullerton districts, is reporting good results.

A. H. Maas, Geo. P. Maas, E. S. Gregory, Walter Dungan and Ben S. Baulke have affiliated with the Garden Grove Mutual Orange Association, according to the report of W. B. Merchant, manager of that organization.

Mr. Walter Bastian, president of the board of directors of the Garden Grove Mutual Orange Association, sold his 10-acre grove to Mr. E. S. Gregory for $50,000. Mr. Gregory in turn sold the grove to Mr. A. H. Maas. To replace Mr. Bastian, Mr. Chas. A. Andres has been elected president of the board of the above association.

Among those growers from Olive who have been enjoying vacations are J. M. Bush and two sons, and J. G. Timeken who went into Modoc county in search of deer. From San Luis Obispo county, W. E. Paulus, Robt. Lemke and Wm. Paulus brought home two big deer. A. F. Stohlman returned recently from a deer hunt in Indio county.

Mr. S. E. Merchant, recognized as one of the leading packinghouse managers of Southern California, has been appointed manager of the Fullerton Mutual house at Fullerton, replacing Mr. G. E. Shaw. Mr. Merchant was formerly manager of the Golden Orange Groves, Inc., of Covina.

Citrus

Leaves

Is a monthly magazine devoted exclusively to the interests of the citrus fruit grower.

Every issue is filled with practical and timely information by reliable authorities covering every phase of the citrus industry.

Every citrus grower should read CITRUS LEAVES regularly in order to keep informed regarding the progressive methods of successful

growers.

A subscription campaign is now on. Read Page 14 for particulars.

Citrus Leaves Redlands Calif.

Vol. II

No. 11

N MANY lines of agricultural endeavor the problems of the grower are largely those having to do with distribution and marketing. These are the least of the troubles of the citrus grower with his present day, efficient marketing organizations. On the other hand he has more than his share of cultural problems. Given the best type of trees on the proper stock, planted in a good soil with sufficient water supply and under correct climatic conditions, he may still fall far short of success. The chief concern of the grower today is to grow fruit of the highest grade at a lower cost of production, not a lower cost per acre but a lower cost per box of fruit.

It is certain that we cannot grow fruit and insects both on the same trees, so we must pay strict attention to pest control. We cannot have the highest degree of success without practising the best known systems of soil management, which means we must have a fertilization program that will fully meet the requirements of the trees and we must adhere to it rigidly with an annual application of food, not merely a stimulating shot every two or three or four years. In connection with soil management, if there is any one factor of greater importance than all of the others, that factor is the proper control of soil moisture.

There is one other phase of soil management we want to discuss in greater detail and that is the orchard practise known as cover cropping. Cover cropping is not an independent practise but it bears a vital relationship to the nutrition of the tree, to the availability of fertilizer, to the physical condition of the soil and to the moisture supply.

Fundamentals of Plant Nutrition

To gain a proper conception of the uses and misuses of cover crops, one must have in mind the fundamentals of plant nutrition, that is, what the plant foods are, where they come from and how they are made available to the tree.

The whole universe is made up of simple substances either alone or in combination with each other. About eighty of these substances have been discovered and we call them chemical elements and designate each one with a symbol or initial. Only ten of the eighty or more are essential foods for plants, and twelve for animals. The late Dr. Cyril Hopkins, Professor of Soil Fertility in the University of Illinois, used to give his students the following simple formula

for remembering the essential elements, his name constituting the key.

one

He started with C. H. O. P. K., left out the "I" for modesty, then continued with N. S. He was talking about foods so naturally, thought of Ca. Fe. and of course one wanted the cafe to be mighty good (Mg) and for a human being, a representative of the animal kingdom, a little salt (Na C1) was necessary and that completed the list.

C for Carbon, H for hydrogen, O for Oxygen, P for Phosphorus, K for Kalium (the Latin name for potassium), N for nitrogen, S for sulphur, Ca for calcium, Fe for ferrum or iron, Mg for magnesium and Na Cl the chemical formula for common salt. The first three of these, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, make up more than 90 per cent of plant substance and they are fortunately supplied freely from the air and water and we do not have to worry at all about supplying them. The remainder are supplied from the organic or mineral constituents of the soil and except for the first three, phosphorous, potassium and nitrogen, we do not ordinarily concern ourselves about them in our fertilizer practise. All of these plant food elements are available to plants only to the extent that they get into the soil solution and are absorbed by the roots along with the water the roots take up.

Organisms of the Soil

These plant foods occur in various combinations and are to a limited extent soluble in pure water and thus available to plants, but if we had to depend on mere chemical solubility we could never raise very large crops. The soil is not a dead thing at all, but is literally alive with myriads of tiny organisms such as bacteria, yeasts, molds, protozoa, etc. These all eat and breathe and go through the regular processes of any living cell. In going through these processes they make available much larger quantities of the mineral plant foods than would otherwise be dissolved. These tiny organisms all require food and how are they going to get it? Only by constantly renewing the supply of fresh organic matter in the soil can these organisms be kept working at their highest efficiency. As plant roots spread out in the moisture film around the soil particles they come in contact with different minerals and the bacteria working alongside make these minerals more readily available as well as liberate the nitrogen and