E. BERGLUND, A., "War and the World's Merchant Marine," Am. Econ. Rev., 10: 227-258; BERGLUND, A., "Discriminatory Duties on Imports in American Bottoms," Annals, 94: 185–195; BROOKS, S., "Two Pillars of the British Merchant Marine," No. Am. Rev., 212: 788-797, and 213:333-345; COUDERT, F. R., "Merchant Marine Act of 1920,' Proc. Am. Acad., 9: 116-129; DAGGETT, S., "Railroad Rate Discrimination Provisions of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920," Annals, 94: 196– 201; DAY, E. E., "American Merchant Fleet a War Achievement and a Peace Problem," Quar. Jour. Econ., 34: 567-606; "Five Per Cent Cases," Jour. Pol. Econ., 23: 698-709; GREGG, E. S., "Failure of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920," Am. Econ. Rev., December, 1921, pp. 601616; GREGG, E. S., "A Case against Discriminating Duties," Jour. Pol. Econ., 39:404-412; HENDERSON, G., "Economics of American Shipping," New Republic, 4: 225, 254, 279, 302, 332, and 5: 14; JONES, W. L., "Merchant Marine Act of 1920," Proc. Am. Acad., 9: 88-89; KIRLIN, J. P., "Operating Problems of American Merchant Marine," Ibid., pp. 104116; PIEZ, C., "Development of Our Merchant Marine," Jour. Pol. Econ., 27:498; "The Jones Act and the Denunciation of Treaties,' Am. Jour. Int. Law., 15:33-41; Proceedings of Academy of Political Science, Vol. VI, October, 1915, devoted to American Mercantile Marine in its various phases; Commerce Reports, May to December, 1922, contain a series of articles on government subsidies to the merchant marine in various countries. SUGGESTIVE TOPICS AND QUESTIONS 1. The Seamen's Act of 1915 as a factor in the problem of maintaining and developing an American merchant marine. Proc. Am. Acad., 6: :113-137; Annals, 63 : 232–243; PHELPS, 329-344. 2. The development and the lessons of the shipping policy of one of the following countries: (a) Great Britain; (b) Germany; (c) France; (d) Japan; (e) Austria. JONES; MEEKER; DUNMORE; Commerce Reports, May-December, 1922; Annalist, October 16-December 11, 1922; GRUNZEL, 231-250; Joint Hearings, 1922, pp. 67-103. 3. Outline and criticize the work of the United States Shipping Board. ZIMMERMAN, 568-593; Annual reports of the Board; HURLEY, The New Merchant Marine; Quar. Jour. Econ., 34:567-606; Proc. Am. Acad., 9: 36-37; Cong. Record; periodical indexes. 4. The case for and against discriminatory duties. MARVIN, American Merchant Marine; Annals, 94: 185-195; Jour. Pol. Econ., June, 1922, pp. 404-412; Proc. Am. Acad., 9:114-115; ZIMMERMAN, 610615; Gallinger Report, in Sen. Doc. 169, 58th Cong., 3d Sess.; Joint Hearings, 1922, pp. 67–77. 5. Was the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 a failure? Proc. Am. Acad., 9: 89-139; Am. Econ. Review, December, 1921, pp. 601-616. 6. Arguments for and against government ownership of our merchant marine. PHELPS; JOHNSON AND HUEBNER, 497-500; SMITH, Influence of the Great War on Shipping, 330-338. 7. Marine insurance legislation as a factor in the solution of the merchant marine problem. ZIMMERMAN, 353-405, with references pages 388 and 404; Joint Hearings, 1922, pp. 396 et seq. 8. Should the Subsidy Bill of 1922 have been enacted into law? Joint Hearings, 1922; Cong. Record; periodical indexes. 9. Just how essential is a large American merchant marine to the satisfactory development of our foreign trade in time of peace? KIDD, Foreign Trade, 246-252; JOHNSON AND HUEBNER, 487-490; National Foreign Trade Council, Ocean Shipping; Phelps, passim. 10. If a large part of American exports and imports were carried in American bottoms, would there be any guarantee that ocean rates would be lower than under existing conditions? 11. Were the United States navigation laws of 1789 the result of a compromise? WELLS, Our Merchant Marine; also his articles on Navigation Laws in Lalor's Cyclopedia. 12. Who was Hugo Grotius? What did he write? In what language? What has been the influence of his work? (Any encyclopedia.) 13. Give examples to show that a nation of sailors wins in naval warfare. 14. Was Adam Smith opposed to the general principles of MercanAre navigation laws one application of these principles? What was Smith's position regarding the English navigation acts? Cite the views of other English economists on this point. 15. Give other examples than those mentioned in the text of national claims over high seas. 16. English coasting trade is open to all vessels, both domestic and foreign. Do many foreign vessels engage in this trade in England? GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY The appended list of books contains those referred to in the body of the text as well as, in a few cases, those consulted but not directly referred to. The arrangement of the bibliographies at the end of chapters is, as far as possible, in the following order: A. Cross references. B. Government publications. C. General references, such as dictionaries and encyclopedias. E. Periodicals. The abbreviations used throughout the book are explained, for the most part, in the general bibliography which follows, excepting the abbreviations for court decisions, the explanation of which may be found in any dictionary or encyclopedia of law. United States government documents are indexed in the Document Catalogue as well as in indexes for special departments. Poole's Index, International Index, and Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature, are to be found in any library of considerable size. B. GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS Congressional Directory (sessional). Congressional Record (daily during sessions of Congress), 1874- Annual report of Secretary of Commerce. Bureau of the Census: 14th Census; Abstract of Census; bulletins. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce: Foreign Commerce and Navigation (annual); Monthly Summary of Foreign Commerce; Statistical Abstract of United States (annual); Commerce Reports (weekly); List of Publications Available; Annual Report of the Director; Special Agents Series; Special Consular Reports; Tariff Series; Miscellaneous publications. Bureau of Navigation: Annual Report of Commissioner of Navigation; Navigation Laws. Department of State: Instructions to Diplomatic Officers (amended to 1912); Foreign Relations (annual), 1870 Consular Regulations of U. S.; American Consular Bulletin. Federal Reserve Board: Annual Report and Monthly Bulletin. Messages and Papers of the Presidents (index in Vol. X and in succeeding volumes). Pan-American Union Bulletin (monthly). Revised Statutes of United States. Senate Documents, 1818 Senate Executive Documents, 1848 Tariff Acts of United States, 1789-1909 (House Doc. 671, 61 Cong., 2 Sess.). Tariff Board, Reports annual and special, 1909-1912. Treasury Department: Digest of Decisions of Treasury Department (customs) and Board of Appraisers (annual); Customs Regulations of United States, 1915. Treaties and Conventions between United States and other Powers, 17761909 (Sen. Doc. 357, 61 Cong., 2d Sess.). U. S. Shipping Board, Reports annual and special, 1917– U. S. Statutes at Large, 1789 U. S. Tariff Commission, Reports annual and special, 1916 C. GENERAL REFERENCES American and English Encyclopedia of Law. London: 1896-1906. American Yearbook, 1910-1918. ANDREW, H. T., Manual of U. S. Customs Tariff Laws, New York: G. W. Dillingham and Co., 1904. Bouvier's Law Dictionary (Rawle's edition); Boston: 1897. British Yearbook of International Law. Commercial Laws of the World (American edition); Boston: Boston Book Co., 1911 Cyclopedia of American Government, 3 vols. (edited by MCLAUGHLIN AND HART); New York: Appleton, 1914. Debaters' Handbook Series, including selections and references on merchant marine, free trade vs. protection, reciprocity, etc., New York: H. W. Wilson Co. Dictionary of National Biography. Encyclopedia Americana. Encyclopedia Britannica. KELLY, Customs Tariffs of the World (annual); New York: Kelly Publishing Co. LALOR, Cyclopedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and Political History of U. S., 3 vols.; Chicago: 1881-4. LARNED, J. N., History for Ready Reference; Springfield, Mass. MCCULLOCH, J. R., Dictionary of Commerce and Commercial Navigation (A. J. Wilson edition); London: 1882. New International Encyclopedia. The New York Times Index, 1914 PALGRAVE, Dictionary of Political Economy, 3 vols. and supplement; London and New York: 1894-1909. Statesmen's Yearbook; New York and London: annual. D. SPECIAL REFERENCES ADAMS, H. C., Relation of the State to Industrial Action; American Economic Association, 1887: Taxation in the United States, 1789-1816; Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Studies, 1884: International Control over International Trade and Investments; New York: Oxford University Press, 1920. ALLEN, S. H., International Relations; Princeton, N. J.: Princeton ALLIN, C. D., History of the Tariff Relations of the Australian Colonies; ATTON, H., AND HOLLAND, H. H., The King's Customs, 2 vols.; London: |