philosophy; attended lectures on Astronomy, at the University of Paris, 1846-47; appointed successor to Dr. Nichol, as Professor of Astronomy, in the University of Glasgow, November, 1859. Author of the "History of Modern Astronomy," on account of which he received the Royal Astronomical Society's gold medal, in 1856, the first which has been awarded for mere authorship since 1821. Has edited the Astronomical Society's "Monthly Notices," for several years.

GRANVILLE, GEORGE LEVESON GOWER GRANVILLE, second Earl, Statesman. Eldest son of the first Earl by a daughter of the fifth Duke of Devonshire; born, 1815; educated at Eton and at Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated, 1834; sat in Parliament for Morpeth, 1836-37; for Lichfield, from 1840, till his succession to the peerage on the death of his father, 1846; was Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, 1837-41; Foreign Secretary in Lord John Russell's administration, 1851-52; President of the Council under Lord Palmerston, 1855-58; Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Great Exhibition of 1851; represented the British Government at the coronation of Alexander II., Emperor of Russia, 1856. GRATTAN, THOMAS COLLEY, Novelist. Descended from Henry Grattan, the Irish Orator; born in Dublin, 1797; resided chiefly in Paris and Belgium, from 1820-39; was British Consul at Boston, United States, 1839-53. Author of "History of the Netherlands," 1830; "Jacqueline of Holland," 1831; "Highways and Byways," 1838; "Civilized America," 1859; and of other works, all of which have had an extensive circulation.

GREECE, OTHO I., KING OF. Second son of Louis I., ex-King of Bavaria, and brother of the reign

ing sovereign; born, 1st June, 1815; became King of Greece at the request of the inhabitants, after acquiring their independence, January, 1833; declared of age on his twentieth birthday, June, 1835; married a daughter of the Grand Duke of Oldenburg, 1836, but has no family. His younger brothert Adalbert, is heir apparent.

GREY, SIR GEORGE, K.C.B., Governor of the Cape of Good Hope. Son of Lieutenant-Colonel Grey; born at Lisburne, Ireland, 1812; educated at the Military College, Sandhurst; conducted, along with Lieutenant Lushington, a government exploring expedition to Australia, 1837-40; was Governor of South Australia, 1843-45; of New Zealand, 1846-54; of the Cape of Good Hope, 1854-58; re-appointed, 1859. Author of ""Polynesian Mythology," &c.

GREY, RIGHT. HON. SIR GEORGE, BART., G.C.B., Statesman. Son of the late Sir George Grey, resident Commissioner of Portsmouth Dockyard; born at Gibraltar, 1799; graduated B.A., at Oriel College, Oxford, 1821; called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1826; sat in Parliament for Devonport, 1832-47; for North Northamptonshire, 1847-52; and since 1853, for Morpeth; UnderSecretary for the Colonies, 1835-39; Judge Advocate, 1839-41; Home Secretary under Lord John Russell, 1846-52; and again under Lord Palmerston, 1855-58. Is at present Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.

GREY, HENRY GEORGE, third Earl, Statesman. Cousin of the preceding, and son of the second Earl Grey; born, 1802; educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; entered Parliament for Winchelsea, 1826; sat for North Northumberland, from 1835 till his succession to the peerage on the death of his father, 1841;

was Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies, 1830-33; Secretary at War, 1835-41; and Colonial Secretary in the Russell administration, 1846-52. Author of the "Colonial Policy of Lord John Russell's Administration,” 1853.

GROTE, GEORGE, Historian, Descended from a German family; born at Beckenham, Kent, 1794; educated at Charterhouse School; became connected with Messrs. Prescott, Grote, and Co's. Bank, 1810; was M.P. for the City of London, 1832-41. Author of an " Essay" on Parliamentary Reform, 1821, and other small publications on political subjects, besides his great work" The History of Greece."

GUIZOT, FRANÇOIS PIERRE GUILLAUME, French Historian and Essayist. Son of an advocate, who died on the scaffold at the Revolution; born at Nismer, 1787; educated at the Protestant Gymnasium of Geneva, 1801-4; became a private tutor in Paris, 1805; produced at the same time his first work, "French Synonyms;" became Professor of Modern History in the Faculty of Letters of the Sorbonne, 1812; appointed Secretary-General, 1814, but was deprived of this situation on the return of Napoleon from Elba, April, 1815; ranged himself principally on the side of the constitutional royalists, 1815-30; was Minister of the Interior, 1830-32; Minister of Public Instruction, 1832-36; Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1840-48. Has lived chiefly in retirement since the coup d'état 1851, owing to his partiality for the Bourbon dynasty. Author of "History of the English Revolution;" "History of Civilization," 3 vols.; "Shakspeare and his Times;" his "Memoirs;" all of which have been translated into English. His other works are numerous.

GUTHRIE, REV. THOMAS, D.D., Minister of Free St. John's Church, Edinburgh. Born at Brechin, Forfarshire, 1800, where his father was an influential banker; studied at the literary and theological classes of the University of Edinburgh, 1819-27, and afterwards at Paris; presented to the parish of Arbirlot in his native county, 1830; translated to the Collegiate charge of Old Greyfrairs, Edinburgh, 1837, and from it to the new parish of St. John's, 1840; took an active part in the consultations that preceded the Disruption of 1843; withdrew at that time from the Established Church, and became minister of his present charge; was chiefly instrumental in originating Ragged Schools in Scotland, the first of which was erected at Edinburgh in 1847; received the honorary degree of D.D. from the University of Edinburgh, 1849. Author of "The Gospel in Ezekiel," a volume of sermons, of which 25,000 copies have been sold; "The City, its Sins and Sorrows," 1857; "Christ the Inheritance of the Saints," 1858; two "Pleas" for Ragged Schools ; &c.

HALIBURTON, THOMAS CHANDLER, ("Sam Slick,") D.C.L., M.P. and Author. Son of the late Mr. Justice Haliburton, of Nova Scotia; born, 1798; educated at King's College, Windsor, Nova Scotia ; called to the Colonial Bar, 1818; appointed Chief Justice of Common Pleas, 1829; a Judge of the Supreme Court, 1840; removed to England, 1850; elected M.P., for Launceston, Cornwall, May, 1859. Amongst his larger works are the "Clockmaker, or the Sayings and Doings of Sam Slick," four vols., 1837-40;" Sam Slick in England," 2 vols., 1843; "The Old Judge, or Life in a Colony, 1849; "Nature and Human Nature," 2 vols. 1855; &c., &c. HALL, MRS. ANNA MARIA FIELDING, Novelist. Born in Dublin, 1802; married to Mr. S. C. Hall, 1824;

published "Sketches of Irish Character," 1826; "The Buccaneer," a novel, 1832; "The French Refugee," a drama, 1836; which have been followed by many other works.

HALL, SAMUEL CARTER, Author. Born at Topsham, 1801; called to the bar at the Inner Temple, 1828; became editor of the "New Monthly Magazine,' 1830; established the "Art Journal," 1839, which he has since edited. Author of 'Ireland, its Scenery and Character;" "Written Portraits of the Authors of the Age, from Personal Aquaintance;" &c.

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HALL, REV. NEWMAN, L.L.B., Minister of Surrey Chapel, London. Born, 1816; studied at Highbury College, subsequently at the University of London; was Minister of Albion Congregational Church, Hull, 1842, until 1854, when he was removed to Surrey Chapel, London, (Rev. Rowland Hill's); obtained the Law Scholarship at the University of London, 1856. Author of "Sacrifice;" "Come to Jesus," of which 1,400,000 copies have been sold; "The Land of the Forum and the Vatican, or Sketches during an Eastern Pilgrimage to Rome;" Life of Dr. Gordon ;" and many other works, chiefly of a religious character, most of which have had a remarkably extensive circulation. HAMILTON, REV. JAMES, D.D., Author, and Minister of the English Presbyterian Church, Regent Square, London. Son of a parish minister of Strathblane, Stirlingshire; born, 1814; was minister of a Chapel-of-Ease, Edinburgh, 1837-41, when he succeeded the Rev. Edward Irving, as minister of the National Scotch Church, London. Author of "Life in Earnest;" "The Mount of Olives ;" "Memoirs of Lady Colquhoun;" "Life of James Wilson, Esq., of Woodville;" besides other works;