facturer, owner of cows, number of pounds of milk purchased, number of pounds of milk used for butter and cheese, number of pounds made, and number of pounds sold. (Laws 1893, p. 99.)

PENNSYLVANIA.

The selling of adulterated milk is prohibited in cities of second or third class. Sales of milk as pure milk, from which cream has been taken, is unlawful. Milk from which cream has been taken is to be sold from vessels marked "skimmed milk," inspector to take specimens for examination and test the same, and the result may be prima facie evidence in prosecutions; he may cause an analysis to be made, the certificate of analysis to be admissible evidence in prosecutions; the cost of such analysis, if not exceeding twenty dollars, may be included in the costs of prosecuting proceedings to be brought in the name of the board of health. (Laws 1885, No. 186.)

Chapter 835 of the Laws of 1890 regulates the railroad rates for the transportation of milk.

take two samples of every (Laws 1891, chap. 979.)

Milk inspectors are required to portion of suspected food products. No. 118, Laws 1897, is "An act to prohibit the adulteration or coloring of milk or cream by the addition of so-called preservatives or coloring matter, and to provide for the enforcement of the same," and reads as follows:

Section 1. "That the sale or offering for sale of milk or cream for human consumption in this Commonwealth to which has been added boracic acid, salt, salicylic acid, salicylate of soda, or any other injurious compound or substance for artificially coloring the same, shall be a misdemeanor, and punishable by a fine of not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars, or imprisonment not exceeding sixty days, or both, or either, at the discretion of the court."

§ 2. "The agent of the Department of Agriculture, known as the Dairy and Food Commissioner, shall be charged with the enforcement of all of the provisions of this act, and shall have all the power to enforce this act that is given him

to enforce the provisions of the act by which he receives his appointment.

§ 3. "All penalties and costs for the violation of the provisions of this act shall be paid to the Dairy and Food Commissioner or his agent, and by him paid into the State Treasury, to be kept as a fund, separate and apart, for the use of the Department of Agriculture for the enforcement of this act, and to be drawn out upon warrant signed by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Auditor-General."

§4. "All acts and parts of acts inconsistent with the provisions of this act are hereby repealed."

SOUTH CAROLINA.

The sale of milk which is unclean, impure, un wholesome, adulterated or skimmed is prohibited; except that the sale of buttermilk or skimmed milk is allowed when sold as such. (Laws 1896, No. 96, p. 215.)

TENNESSEE.

The use of skimmed milk is allowed in the manufacture of butter and cheese. (Laws 1879, chap. 169.)

UTAH.

It is unlawful to offer for sale, have in possession with intent to sell or furnish to any person whatever any adulterated or impure milk. Milk that is diluted or drawn from cows diseased is deemed adulterated and impure. The sale of skimmed milk is allowed if the vessel or package containing the same is distinctly marked with the words "skimmed milk." Proof of adulteration and skimming may be made with standard tests and lactometers or by chemical analysis. The sale, having in possession with intent to sell or delivering to a creamery or cheese factory of milk to which boracic acid or salicylic acid or compounds containing these or other antiseptics injurious to health have been added is declared a misdemeanor punishable by fines for each offense. The manufacturing, buying, selling, offering or having in possession for sale of cheese manufactured from skimmed milk to which has been added any fat which is foreign to such milk is prohibited. (Laws 1896, chap. 60.)

VERMONT.

The selling of diluted, adulterated or skimmed milk is unlawful. When samples are taken duplicates are to be given to the dealers from whom taken, when requested, and a written receipt given to the person taking the sample. The label on the sample shall state time, place, where and from whom taken, and in the presence of one or more disinterested witnesses.

Branding butter or cheese as " creamery" which is not manufactured at a creamery is unlawful; provided that butter or cheese made at private creameries may be branded, marked, etc., with name of maker or some other distinguishing trade-mark. Justices are to have concurrent jurisdiction with the county court in prosecution under this act. (Laws 1888, No. 108.)

VIRGINIA.

The bringing of adulterated or skimmed milk to cheese or butter manufactories without the consent of all the owners of the same, is punishable by a fine of not less than twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars. (C. of V., § 1899.)

WASHINGTON.

Chapter 15, Laws 1897, amends section 2, Laws 1895; and section 1 of said act (1897) reads as follows:

"In all prosecutions or other proceedings under this or any other law of this State, relating to the sale or furnishing of milk, if it shall be proven that the milk sold or offered for sale, or furnished or delivered, or had in possession with intent to sell, or offer for sale or to furnish or deliver aforesaid, as pure, wholesome or unskimmed milk, contains less than three per centum of pure butter fat, or less than 8 per centum of milk solids other than fat, when subjected to chemical analysis or other satisfactory test, or it had been diluted or any part of its cream abstracted, or that it (or any part of it) was drawn from cows known by the person complained of to have been within fifteen days before or four days after parturition, and to have any disease or ulcers or other running sores, then, and in either case the said milk shall be held and judged to

have been unmerchantable, adulterated, impure or unwholesome, as the case may be; and if it shall appear that cows kept for the production of milk or cream, for market or for sale or exchange, or for manufacturing their milk into articles of food, are kept in a crowded or unhealthful condition, or are being fed on undried brewer's grains, or upon any substance of an unhealthful nature, the milk or the cream from the same is hereby declared impure and unwholesome. Any milk or cream from the same that has been exposed or contaminated by emanations, discharges or exhalations from persons or animals, or to which has been added any borax, boracic acid, salicylic acid, or any other poisonous substance which prevents or tends to prevent the normal bacterial actions of milk, is hereby declared to be impure and unwholesome."

WISCONSIN.

It is unlawful to sell, offer for sale, have in possession with intent to sell or furnish to any creamery or cheese factory, as pure, wholesome and unskimmed any unmerchantable, adulterated, impure or unwholesome milk. In all prosecutions relating to the sale or furnishing of milk if it is shown that it contains less than 3 per centum of butter fat, or is diluted or has had cream extracted, etc., it shall be adjudged unmerchantable and adulterated, impure or unwholsome, as the case may be. (Laws 1889, chap. 425.)

The addition of foreign fat to milk used in the manufacture of skimmed milk cheese is prohibited, as is, also, the sale of the same. (Laws 1895, chap. 30.)

The sale, etc., of milk, cream, butter, cheese or other dairy products, or delivering to any creamery or cheese factory milk or cream to be manufactured into butter or cheese, to which boracic acid, salicylic acid or compounds containing them or other antiseptics injurious to health has been added is prohibited. (Laws 1895, chap. 168.)

Section 1 of chapter 425 of the Laws of 1889 is amended by striking out the word "ten" where it occurs in said section and inserting the words "twenty-five," so that said section reads as follows:

Section 1. "Any person who shall sell or offer for sale, or furnish or deliver, or have in his possession, with intent to sell or offer for sale, or furnish or deliver to any creamery, cheese factory, corporation, person or persons, whatsoever, as pure, wholesome and unskimmed, any unmerchantable, adulterated, impure or unwholesome milk, shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars for each and every offense." (Laws 1897, chap. 106.)

Chapter 94, Laws 1897, is an act to secure cleanliness in milk dairies, and reads as follows:

Section 1. "The dairy and food commissioner, or his agents, shall have full access and ingress to all premises, buildings, or dairies where milk is stored, produced or handled for the city milk trade, and is hereby empowered to enforce such measures as may be necessary to prevent the sale of milk from diseased cows, or from cows fed on unwholesome food, and to require cleanliness in all barns, stables, milk houses or buildings where milk is produced or stored for the city milk trade.

§ 2. "Any person or persons owning or managing a dairy, the product of which is sold as milk for family use, shall feed his cows upon wholesome food; keep them when housed, in clean and comfortable stables, and handle the milk with clean utensils.

§ 3. "Any person or persons violating any of the provisions of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, be fined not less than twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars for the first offense, and not less than one hundred nor more than two hundred for each subsequent offense."

CANADA PROVINCE OF ONTARIO. 、

Chapter 48 of Victoria 56 relates to the prevention of fraud in the sale of milk and applies to cities and towns only. It provides a penalty for selling adulterated or deteriorated milk. The sale of skimmed milk is allowed if the buyer is apprised of the fact that it is skimmed. The jurisdiction of cases is stated and there is a provision for the application of penalties and a civil remedy for person aggrieved.