(4) Of rank (beneath); as, res humanas infra me pono, I hold the affairs of men beneath me. Ob: (1) Towards (of motion); as, ob Trojam exercitum duxit, he led an army (2) Towards (of rest); as, ob oculos habere, to have before one's eyes. Sub-with the accusative: (1) Under, denoting motion to some lower place; as, missi sunt sub muros ad colloquium. (2) Under, of subjection with verbs of action and motion; as, redigere insulas sub potestatem Atheniensium, to reduce the islands under the power of the Athenians. (3) Just before, about; as, sub vesperum, just at evening. Sub-with the ablative under: (1) Denoting motion or rest in some lower place; as, sub terrâ habitare, to dwell beneath the earth: sub umbrâ spatiari, to roam beneath the shade. (2) Under, of subjection, where a state is denoted; as sub rege, sub lege, sub eá conditione. (3) At the very time of; as, sub Cæsaris discessu, at the moment of Cæsar's departure. (4) Neat, close under; as, sub castris, close to the camp. De-from:- (1) In space; as, de finibus suis exeunt, they go out of their territories. (4) Concerning; as, loquor de istac re, I am speaking of that affair of yours. (6) From (with verbs of hearing and asking); as, Messala Consul de Pompeis quæsivit. The Consul Messala asked of Pompey. 8. What verbs take a double accusative? What verbs take a genitive case? Verbs signifying to ask, to teach, to advise, to clothe, to conceal-take a double accusative; also factitive verbs, i. e., verbs signifying to make, to call, to consider, and similar verbs. Verbs of remembering, reminding, and forgetting, take a genitive of the person or the thing of which any one reminds himself or another, or which he forgets. The impersonal verbs pudet, piget, pænitet, tædet, miseret, miserescit, miseretur, take a genitive of the object which excites the feeling. The verbs of valuing, esteeming, and their passives; verbs of buying, selling, lending or hiring, and as passives in sense stare, præstare, to be exposed for sale, and venire, take a genitive of the cost or value when generally expressed by an adjective. Verbs of accusing, condemning, and acquitting, take a genitive of the crime or offence. 9. Translate the following sentences: (a) Oderint dum metuant. (b) Difficile dictu est utrum hostes magis Pompeii virtutem pugnantes timuerint, an mansuetudinem victi dilexerint. (c) Quum plurimas et maximas commoditates amicitia contineat, tum illa nimirum præstat omnibus, quod debilitari animos non patitur. (a) Let them hate so long as they fear. (b) It is difficult to say whether his enemies felt more fear whilst fighting from Pompey's valour, or affection when vanquished from his clemency. (c) Very numerous and very important as are the advantages which friendship comprises, in this one, beyond doubt, it shows a special excellence, in that it suffers not the affections to be enfeebled. VII. French Grammar. 1. Give the gender and meaning of ceiling, floor, key, balustrade, staircase, wall. 2. Give the meaning of le solde, la solde, le souris, la souris, le vague, la vague. 3. By what prepositions are the following adjectives governed: utile, propre, conforme, ennuyé, charmé, capable? Utile, propre, and conforme, by the preposition à. de. 4. Give the third person plural preterite indicative of attendre, attendrir, atteindre, éteindre, attenter. atteindirent. atteindrirent. atteignirent. éteignirent. attentirent. 5. Give the second person plural future interrogative negatively of se souvenir; s'asseoir. Ne vous souviendrez-vous pas ? Ne vous assiérez-vous pas. 6. Give the corresponding English of (a) Au fort de l'hiver; (b) Je me suis donné un effort; (c) Qu'à cela ne tienne. (a) In the depth of winter. (c) Never mind, or no matter. Translate into French. The way was comfortable enough after such a voyage as I had been upon; and I reached my bower in the evening, where I found everything standing as I left it, for I always kept it in good order, being, as I said before, my country house. I got over the fence and laid me down in the shade to rest my limbs, for I was weary, and fell asleep.— Daniel De Foe. La route était assez bonne après un voyage tel que le mien, et j'arrivai le soir à ma chaumière, où je trouvai tout comme je l'avais laissé, car je la tenais toujours en bon état; c'était, comme je l'ai dit, ma maison de campagne. Je passai pardessus la pallissade, et je me couchai à l'ombre pour me reposer, car j'étais bien las, puis je m'endormis. CHAPTER V. REVIEW OF THE FEBRUARY (1874) PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION FOR SOLICITORS, AND A FEW SUGGESTIONS. WITH a rapidity which is barely comprehensible even by "Father Time," whose scythe mows down alike the days of the prince and peasant, the "preliminary " has come round again. No sooner have we gladdened the hearts of one set of aspirants for legal positions, than another, whose faces, in consequence of the approaching ordeal, portray anything but vivacity, place themselves beneath our "ministering sceptre;" though without claiming for ourselves any special pre-eminence, immediately they are made acquainted with our course of study their countenances wear a very different aspect till confidence itself is "outstript," and except for the temporary timidity which clings to them while beneath the keen eye of the Examiner, henceforth they become “stout-hearted." Bearing in mind the words of a distinguished statesman, we may say that we do not intend to address our readers in verse, and so we will descend from the abstract to the "concrete" regions. We crave leave to be allowed to enliven the monotony of thes criticisms with a little badinage. English Composition.]-In setting subjects for the theme, the Examiner has very wisely provided for candidates of all ages. The younger ones had an opportunity of stating the reasons why they wish to enter the legal profession, or they might have given an account of the story of any of Scott's or Shakespeare's works, while the elder candidates-and doubtless they were not a few-had a splendid opportunity of denouncing upholding the acts of the late Ministry, beneath the title "direct and indirect taxation." We wonder whether there were many who proved that voice is a clue to character. Seeing that the Examiners invite candidates to treat of such purely discursive subjects, we think our articles published in the present and previous numbers of this Magazine will become acceptable to intending candidates. We may at some future time write an article on Subject 3. Now having almost exhausted our suggestions in previous numbers it would be quite unnecessary to reproduce them here, especially when we bear in mind that most of our readers are permanent subscribers. Those students who complain that their thoughts leave them just at the time whet they have most need of them should have much practice, so that if their thoughts fail Þ flow easily, they may be prepared with some elegant "stereotyped " phrases. We often write themes on various topics and read them to our pupils for the purpos of conveying to their minds some idea of what will be required of them. We belie this to be an excellent plan. English Language.]-The first question in this paper ought not to have been aske for when men of undoubted ability fail to arrive at a satisfactory conclusion as to the order of the alphabet, younger students ought not to be expected to make themselves acquainted with the arguments of the controversialists. We make this remark to please those persons who think such questions are quite absurd. In other respects the paper is very fair. We feel certain, however, that the candidates from the public schools, when English grammar is seldom taught, experienced some difficulty in answering these questions. English History.] -Regarded as a whole we have no fault to find with this paper Some questions are very searching, and we believe that even the most experienced tut who had not devoted his time to special teaching, would not have anticipated many the points. Few persons would be prepared to meet with the second part of Question 7 or as in the last examination-"What was the origin of the phrase Nolumus lega Angliæ mutari ?" It is therefore apparent that a very exact and minute knowledge e the subject is absolutely necessary to enable a candidate to pass. With regard to the lives of historical characters, we think it is a bad plan to calculate on being asked ÷ write the life of one character, and thus spend a deal of time in preparing an elaborat article, for very often the candidate is disappointed in not being asked to write a life a all. We advise intending candidates to note down a few facts, about seven or eight, for there are other points to which the Examiners attach much more importance. Geography of Europe and of the British Isles.]—This paper is a very fair specimen of those which emanate from the Law Society. The last question is quite unintelligible; doubtless there is some mistake. We have, however, given an answer! We advise candidates to use their maps freely while studying geography. The student who draws maps of the various countries will invariably find himself rewarded for his labour. Arithmetic.]-The examples are somewhat easier than usual, though they certainly bear great similarity to those which have been set hitherto, so that the specially prepared candidates hailed them with much pleasure. Elementary Knowledge of Latin.]—This is rather a long paper, hence there is a greater variety of questions. As we have said on previous occasions, few subjects are capable of being so easily condensed. French Language.]—This paper is certainly not difficult. Those who had learnt the rules as to gender and the conjugations of the verbs, no doubt answered most of the questions. CHAPTER VI. DEBATING SOCIETIES. WE believe it will be admitted, by everyone, that those who desire to enter either branch of the legal profession should endeavour to cultivate the art of public speaking. It would, indeed, be an easy task to mention the names of many distinguished lawyers and statesmen who are in favour of Debating Societies. Discussions on a variety of subjects not only develope one's intellectual faculties, but, of course, tend to create fluency of speech. We know that some of our best public speakers assert that they first acquired confidence in the debating hall, where, meeting with a variety of minds, they gradually overcame this great disadvantage,-consequently we see no reason to withdraw the advice we gave on a former occasion, viz., "Let the aspiring lawyer . . . . attend a debating society where men of all grades [i. e., professions] flock; where he may be suddenly called upon to respond to the arguments of a man whom he had not known before." Believing the claims of such institutions are universally acknowledged by the élite of all the learned professions, we will say no more on the subject. We desire, however, to direct attention to the Erskine Debating Society, which, looking with what success it has been inaugurated, will no doubt become the chief institution of the kind in London. It is "instituted for the purpose of enabling gentlemen to interchange their ideas on political, legal, literary and other topics, and for the purpose of cultivating the art of public speaking." It may be seen that, as the discussions are not confined to any particular branch of learning, the members have an excellent opportunity of gaining knowledge on a variety of subjects which are always useful in every-day life. Full particulars may be obtained on applying (by letter) to the Honorary Secretary, Joseph Mandale, Esq., 61, Lincoln's Inn Fields, W.Č. CHAPTER VII. CORRESPONDENCE. The Editor will be glad to receive COMMUNICATIONS from students and others. They must be addressed "Care of the Publishers," and will, in every instance, receive the attention they merit. PARLIAMENTARY (Shrewsbury).-In 1858 the late Earl of Derby was premier, Mr. Disraeli Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir S. H. Walpole Home Secretary, and Lord Malmesbury Foreign Secretary. The only changes in the Conservative Ministry in 1866 were-Mr. Gathorne Hardy succeeded Sir S. H. Walpole as Home Secretary, and the present Earl of Derby became Foreign Minister. LEX. (1.) The Regiam Majestatem, being a collection of the ancient laws of Scotland, is said to have been compiled by order of David I. of Scotland, who reigned from 1124 to 1153; (2.) From about 1650 to 1833 the importation of tea was a monopoly enjoyed by the East India Company, but by the 3 & 4 Will. 4, c. 85, s. 3, the Company's exclusive right of trading to China for tea was taken away, and by the 3 & 4 WILL 4, c. 93, the trade was thrown open under the restrictions imposed by that and other acts. E. L. (Rugby).-There will be no advantage in taking both Latin and Greek,-indeed the Examiners will not allow you to do so. You must pass in English history and geography. TYRO. It is our duty simply to answer the questions, but not to expose what you call "the absurdity of some of the questions." We have no doubt the legal papers would give publicity to any communications which you might feel inclined to make. P. D. (Ledbury).—The Examiners are not likely to answer such questions. HISTORICUS. No one has been appointed to the office of Lord High Treasurer sine the accession of George I., 1714. C. H. S. (Bath).-The extracts from the Latin authors are not printed with the "Elementary Latin." J. L. H. (Hull).—As you have been a bonâ fide clerk to a solicitor for "ten years m upwards," you need not present a petition to be allowed to enter into articles of det ship for three years, for you are allowed to do so by law, but you must pass "Preliminary." ENQUIRER (Sherborne).-Your solutions are correct. the F. W. (Eastbourne).-Hume's Autobiography was published in 1777, edited by Adam Smith. His life has been written by Robert Pratt, 1777; David Dalrymp 1787; T. E. Ritchie, 1807; J. H. Burton, 1846. Copies of these works are no dock deposited at the British Museum. ASHANTEE (Manthorp).-Ashantee, the most powerful state of Upper Guines, i between lat. 6° and 8° N.; long. 0° and 3° W.; S. limit is 60 m. from the Gulf of Guine Chief rivers are the Volta and Asinie. Coomassie, of which we read so much, is the chief town and seat of trade. J. M'C. (Liverpool).-Lord Lyndhurst was a conservative; Lord Brougham a liben! E. S. (Newcastle-on-Tyne).-It was provided by the Act of Settlement, that “it is the right of the subject to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for sad petitioning are illegal." A. Z. (Buxton).-See "Preliminary Examination Journal," No. IX. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS FOR SOLICITORS, FOR THE BAR, AND THE COLLEGE OF SURGEONS. The Author of "The Student's Guide," and Editor of "The Preliminary Examination Journal and Student's Literary Magazine" (formerly of King's College, London), whe pupils have always met with greater success than those instructed by any other tuta PREPARES CANDIDATES of defective knowledge very speedily. References to Members of Parliament, Members of the Incorporated Law Society, Barristers, Clergymen, Doctors, and others, whose sons have passed after short periods of tuition, having previously failed three and four times with other tutors. For Syllabus (30 pages) of Testimonials and Opinions of the Law Journal, Law Times, Standari Law Examination Reporter, Law Magazine and Review, The London Review, &c., &c. address Mr. J. ERLE BENHAM, at his Chambers, 3, Pump Court, Temple, E.C., or to the care of Messrs. Butterworth, 7, Fleet Street, London, Her Majesty's Law Publishers. Mr. J. Erle Benham has classes reading daily at his chambers for the Preliminary Intermediate and Final Examinations for Solicitors. References to gentlemen of highest legal status. |