(1) Consulo (I consult some one for advice) takes an accusa tive case; Consulo (I look out for the interests of some one) a dative. (3) Præsto (I make good) takes an accusative case; (4) Tempero (I regulate) takes an accusative case; Tempero (I set bounds to) a dative. (5) Vaco (I have leisure for) governs a dative; (6) Cedo (I yield to) governs a dative; 7. Explain the construction of impersonal verbs. 8. Translate the following passages:-(a) Omne animal seipsum diligit; ac, simul ut ortum est, id agit ut se conservet. (b) At ille præstare honestam mortem existimans turpi vitæ, cominus pugnans telis hostium interfectus est. (c) Verum enim vero is demum mihi vivere atque frui anima videtur, qui, aliquo negotio intentus præclari facinoris, aut artis bonæ famam quærit. 7. There are certain verbs, properly called impersonals. Some of these govern an accusative, some a dative case of the immediate object, as -- Juvat me (I delight); Licet mihi (it is lawful for me). Some take an ulterior object, as Miseret me tui (I pity you); Tædet me vita (I am weary of life). Besides these proper impersonals most verbs can be used as impersonals in the passive voice: Pugnatum est (the fight went on); (a) Every living creature loves itself, and, as soon as it comes into being, attends to its own preservation. (b) But he, considering that an honorable death was better than a life of shame, in hand-to-hand combat was slain by the weapons of the enemy. (c) But in real truth he, and he only, appears to me to live and to enjoy his being who, with an earnest purpose, aims at the reputation of some glorious action or some honorable calling. 1. Give the meaning of le garde, la garde; le manœuvre, la manœuvre; le voile, la voile; le vase, la vase; personne (m.), personne (f.). VII. French Language. Le garde, care, keeper, warder, sick nurse, guard, guardian. La manœuvre, manoeuvre, drill, working of a ship. La voile, the sail. Le vase, the vase. La vase, the mud, slime. Personne is masculine when it means any one, no one, and feminine when it means a person: Personne n'est venu. La personne est arrivée. 2. Change the following adjectives into adverbs :Constant, glorieux, prudent, dernier. 3. Give the meaning of un bonhomme, un homme bon, un honnête homme, un homme honnête, un grand homme and un homme grand. 4. How do you employ "vers" and "envers?" Give an example of each. 5. Give the singular and plural of the present Indicative Interro gative negatively of s'enfuir. 6. Give the English of the following proverbs :(a) Mieux vaut tard que jamais. (b) Faire des châteaux en Espagne. (c) Porter de l'eau à la rivière. (6) Translate into French-My eldest son George was at Oxford, as I intended him for one of the learned professions. My second boy, Moses, whom I designed for Constamment, glorieusement, prudemment, dernièrement. Un bonhomme, a good-natured man. Vers, towards, is used with reference to nouns which indicate place or time: as Vers la porte. Vers le quatorzième siècleTowards the fourteenth century. Envers means with regard to, and is used after words implying behaviour: as, Charitable envers les pauvres-Charity towards the poor. Ingrat envers son bienfaiteur-Ungrateful to his benefactor. Mon fils aîné George était à Oxford, où il devait embrasser une profession savantes. Mon fils cadet Moïse, que je destinais au commerce, recevait chez nous une éducation générale; mais il serait inutile d'essayer de décrire les caractères particuliers de jeunes gens qui ne connaissaient guère le monde. Bref, ils avaient un air de famille, et, à vrai dire, c'était le même caractère également crédule, simple, inoffensif. business, received a sort of mixed education at home. But it is needless to attempt describing the particular characters of young people that had seen very little of the world. In short, a family likeness prevailed through all, and, properly speaking, they had but one character, that of being equally generous, credulous, simple and inoffensive.-Oliver Goldsmith. CHAPTER VIII. REVIEW OF THE MAY (1873) PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION FOR SOLICITORS. HAVING already given our opinion on the style and extent of this Examination, we intend to offer but a few remarks on the present occasion. Composition.] We are able, as a rule, to congratulate candidates on the selection of subjects for the English theme; but we do not feel ourselves in a position to do so this time, inasmuch as they are all abstract subjects. We have had considerable experience in preparing candidates for Examinations, and we feel convinced that few students under twenty years of age would be able to write satisfactorily on any one of the subjects selected! It is true that the Examiner pays more attention to the grammatical construction and elegance of the language than the quality of the ideas shadowed forth; but it must be apparent to every one that a man cannot give full effect to his powers when he is compelled to write upon a subject quite foreign to him. Perhaps few of the younger candidates would care to consider matters in which the cold hand of "Death" is concerned; and, as for the "Use and Abuse of Historical Parallels," we are inclined to think that, though many candidates may be fairly acquainted with English History, they would experience considerable difficulty in comparing one period with another. As, however, we often ask our pupils to compare certain reigns, such for instance as those of Edward II. and Richard II., the topic presented nothing new to them. We believe that some of the younger pupils, who could not venture into the abstract regions, gave an account of some of the miraculous escapes which had attended their puerile adventures. "Physiognomy" is an interesting study, and we dare say some of the elder candidates ventured to give the Examiner the benefit of their opinions. Seeing that such subjects are selected, we are inclined to think that our article on "The Quantity and Quality of Brains" will become very acceptable to intending candidates. We have no doubt whatever that some of the elderly candidates, though their knowledge of other subjects might have been defective, were able to hold forth at great length on the subjects they selected. We need scarcely add, in concluding our remarks on this part of the Examination, that intending candidates should have much practice in writing themes and observe the best speakers and writersan opinion long ago expressed by Ben Jonson and other eminent authorities. English Language.] There is nothing new in this paper. Of course many of the questions have not been asked before, but the style is still maintained, and every one qualifying in this subject ought to have expected such questions. Perhaps, taken as a whole, the questions are not easy, but specially prepared pupils recognize them as "old friends;" indeed some of our pupils said that these questions were absurd, but we called their attention to the indisputable fact that they could not have answered a single question when we first made their acquaintance. We are not surprised when a pupil has a defective knowledge of the etymology of the language, because it is a subject seldom taught in schools, and even then the instructors do not take the trouble to arrange in note-books in an artistic manner the different meanings of "but," "as," "do," &c., &c., &c. English History.] We pronounce this to be not only a very satisfactory, but a tolerably easy paper. Students, as a rule, devote little attention to the early reigns of history, in the hope that the examiners will take it for granted that candidates are acquainted with them; but all those who cherished this idea must have been disagreeably surprised on perusing questions 2, 3 and 4. We have always devoted equal attention to the early reigns, and thus we are rewarded. We think we are perfectly justified in saying that there is scarcely a question that we had not anticipated! Geography of Europe and of the British Isles.] The geography questions are rather casy; indeed, the first question admits of a very wide answer, and we have no doubt that most candidates availed themselves of the opportunity to fill one or two pages! We observe that the examiner has again asked for a description of any English county with which the candidates are most familiar. Apparently this is an easy question, but the answer is no doubt an excellent test of a candidate's knowledge of composition; for most persons know something of one Euglish county (?). Arithmetic.] These examples are much easier than any that have been set for some time past, and doubtless many of those who dreaded the "Arithmetic paper" hailed this particular test with great pleasure. All our pupils had worked a very large number of similar examples, hence they experienced no difficulty whatever in solving them; indeed, they were quite familiar with the clock sum, for we had worked this “identical" example a few days before the examination. Elementary Knowledge of Latin.] We are still of opinion that public schoolmen and those who are specially prepared would be able to answer most of these questions in a satisfactory manner. The English passages selected for translation into Latin are what we call "happy." French Language.] This paper contains a résumé of past questions on this subject. We know from experience that most of the candidates who are competent to translate any of the French works selected by the Examiners think these questions rather easy. In order, however, to answer all of them satisfactorily, a very fair knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary is necessary. We have no hesitation in remarking that, as usual, we anticipated the majority of the questions set in all the subjects. Such a remark may seem peculiar, but a perusal of the note books with which we furnish our pupils will show that we thoroughly understand all the peculiarities and technicalities of this apparently trying ordeal. CHAPTER IX. CORRESPONDENCE. The Editor will be glad to receive COMMUNICATIONS from students and others. They must be addressed "Care of the Publishers," and will, in every instance, receive the attention they merit. R. P. (Kensington).—The examinations are always held on Wednesday and Thursday, T. E. W. (Tiverton).-See No. IV. You call our attention to the fact that you have been a subscriber from the first. Then how is it you could not find the information you ask? W. (Bridgenorth).-We certainly think that if you select French as your optional subject you ought to answer some of the grammatical questions. L. F. C. (Cambridge).-We have not heard that the judges intend to introduce the 1st and 2nd books of Euclid, and that Greek will be a compulsory subject. We fancy your friends have been taking advantage of your tender and credulous feelings. If you believe them, make haste and pass the ordeal, as it is now constituted, without delay. H. D. C. (Ripley).-Candidates on passing the examination are required to pay £1 if examined in London, and £2 if in the country. R. L. (Cheltenham).-We cannot advise you how to get your work published. You say that several publishers have declined to take it up. We are not surprised, for the market is overstocked with works on English History. We are sorry to say we cannot assist you; indeed, speaking candidly, there is nothing novel in your work, and in addition to this there are several mistakes, which, however kind we might be, we cannot set down as clerical errors. The wife of Charles II. was Catharine of Braganza-not Henrietta Maria of France; Cromwell died on Sept. 3, 1658—not Sept. 9th. As a rule, the day of the month on which an event occurred is immaterial, but when we remember that Sept. 3rd was Cromwell's "crowning mercy," we ought to be correct. The battle of Dunbar was fought on Sept. 3rd, 1650, the battle of Worcester Sept. 3rd, 1651, and Cromwell died Sept. 3rd, 1658! We return the MS. with many thanks for your proposal. T. H. S. (Clapham).-Bearing in mind the explanation which accompanies your question, we think the expression "the secretary and treasurer is wrong," for as there arc, it appears, two distinct persons, it should be "the secretary and the treasurer." Such |