of the Dutch commonwealth. If by his labours a generous love has been fostered for that blessing, without which everything that this earth can offer is worthless-freedom of thought, of speech, and of life-his highest wish has been fulfilled.
The Roman numerals indicate the volumes, the Arabic numerals the pages. Names having the prefix of De, or Van, are generally, but not invariably, placed under their prefix.
AARDENBURG, disgraceful surrender of, iv, 206.
ABDULZAMAR, chief of the Sumatran lega- tion, his death, iv, 111.
ACHIM, Atchen, Astgen or Atsgen, Sumatra, embassy sent to Holland from, iv, 110, 111. 244. Profiting by its Dutch experiences and repulsing the Spaniards, 419, 420. 422.
Acos, bishop of, counselling his king in vain, i, 123.
AERSSENS, Cornelius, States' Recorder, his conferences with the Archdukes' emis- saries on negotiations for peace, iv, 301 -303. 309. Offers of gifts to him, and troubles he got into thereabout, 390- 392. What became of the gifts, 397. His aspiration for his friend Barne- veldt, 503. Denounced as a traitor,
AERSSENS, Francis, on Elizabeth's inten-
tions towards the States, iii, 486. On a rumour relative to the marriage of Henry IV, 593 note. His fears turned into rejoicings, iv, 48 note. On Henry's insincerity towards the States, 104, 105, notes. An aphorism from Henry's lips, 150. 151 note. Result of his experi- ences at the French Court, 200, 201. His reply to a query of Henry's, 221 note. On Henry's rejoicings at the capture of Sluys, 224. On Henry's in- dignation at the "shortcomings" of the republic, 268. Conferring and re- porting on the English and French schemes for annexing the States, 283- 287. On Henry's secret views as to a truce, 468. Taxing Henry with the same, 469. Denounced as a traitor, 506. Barneveldt's congratulations to him, 524. See iii, 502 note, iv, 383, 384. AHMED, or Ahmet, Sultan, iv, 218. 278. 540.
AISMA, or Aitzma, Frisian councillor, i, 313. 406.
ALACCON, Don Martin, with his monks in the Armada, ii, 466.
ALBERT, Cardinal Archduke, Viceroy of Portugal, subsequently called in con- junction with his wife the Arch- dukes." Designated to succeed Far- nese as governor of the Netherlands, iii, 220. His processional entry upon his office, 352, 353. His birth, per- sonal appearance, manners, &c., 357- 359. His investment of Hulst, and alleged sacrifice of his soldiers there, 394-396. A throne thought of for him, 415. Objections to the scheme, 416. His present to Henry IV, 419. Philip's quixotic request to him, 421. Attack on and defeat of his forces at Turnhout, 422-432. His reply to Maurice's letter as to giving quarter, 432 note. Consequences to him of his king's repudiation of his debts, 440. 443. His recipe for Antwerp's ills, 444. Beaten out of Amiens: disap- pointed in his intended relic-robbery, 452, 453. Wife and sovereignty pro- vided for him, 473. 501. 502 note. His marriage, 503. Reception of the pair in Brussels: his extravagant house- keeping: character of his court, 587- 589. Project for dissolving his mar- riage, 593. His dominions threatened, iv, 2. 5. Gathering and haranguing his forces, 12, 13. Acting on the offensive his successes, 14. 19, 20. His promise of glory to himself, humi- liation and annihilation to his foe, 22, 23. Impatience of his troops, 24, 25. His conspicuous equipment and bear- ing on the eve of the Nieuport battle, 29. His imminent danger, discomfi- ture, and escape, 41, 42. 45. His and his wife's chargers changing masters, 46, 47. His consolation in defeat, 55. Temptations offered to him to besiege Ostend, 62. Beginning the siege; his forces, 63, 64. Problem he had to solve his "sausages," 70. His men's chief inducements, 71. His small re- gard for their lives, 74. In holiday trim
and high anticipation once more, 84. Growling and furious, 86. Waiting for victory, and disappointed, 88. Taking the wrong course with his mutinous soldiers, 100. Their sarcastic reply to his threats, 101–103. Reprisals caused by his killing his prisoners, 125, 126. Result of his excommunication of the mutineers, 129, 130. In doubt about his bargain compelled to make terms with his veterans, 209, 210. Ostend given up to him; condition and cost (in human life) of his prize, 215-217. In treaty with King James, 219. Levy- ing troops in England, 228. Guy Faux one of his old soldiers, 257. Sending peace negotiators to the States, 296. Conferences, blunders, travellings to and fro, and ultimate result, 300–317. Desires of himself and his wife 381, 382. Their powerlessness to treat with the States, 387. Scolding Philip III, 392. Direction taken by his hopes, 416. Objections of the States to the titles claimed for him and his wife, 435, 436. His demand in return for giving up the titles, 438, 439. His hypocrisy, 440. Discovery and publi-
cation of his secret instructions, 488- 491. Object of his confessor's mission to Spain, 514, 515. Terms of truce agreed on with the States, 516. 519. His tempting offers to Maurice, 543. See ii, 463. 465. 556. iii, 293. 362. 417. 422. 457. 460. iv, 403. 410. 416. 461. 483. 536. See also Austria, House of. ALDEGONDE, See Sainte Aldegonde. ALENÇON, Duke of, a reminiscence of, iii, 347.
ALEXANDER of Macedon and Alexander of Parma, i, 258.
ALLAN, or Allen, Dr, his pamphlet or "Admonition' against Elizabeth, ii, 400, 401. 403-406. 484. A disap- pointed candidate for the papacy, iii,
ALTERAS, Laurenz, vice-admiral of Zee- land, iv, 320. 324. His exploit, 326. ALVA, regular accompaniments of the victories of, i, 252. Parma's conduct contrasted with his, 253. Number of religious murders boasted of by him, ii, 291. See ii, 381. iii, 43. 168. 284. 354. 447. iv, 13. 229.
AMAZON defenders of Sluys, ii, 264. AMBOISE, Renée of; condition of her marriage with Balagny, iii, 317. Her heroism at the siege of Cambray and resolute death, 350, 351.
AMBOYNA captured by the Dutch, iv, 244.
AMERICA, popular belief as to the habits of the natives of, iv, 300. Artillery operations in the recent civil war, 73.
AMIENS captured by a Spanish artifice, iii, 434-436. Measures resolved on to regain it, 437. 440. Besieged and re- captured, 451-453. See 460. AMSTERDAM, festival in honour of Lei- cester at, ii, 15. Plot of his partisans to seize the city, 332. Prospering, ii, 23. 25. Sharing in an arctic voyage, 561. Trade monopolies, iv, 433-451, Wavering in its opposition to a truce, 504. Accepting it, 513. Rapid ex- tension of the city, 551. See iii, 174
AMURATH, Sultan of Turkey, German dread of his presents to Philip II, i, 30, 31. His liking for Henry IV, iii, 48. His magnificent letter to Henry, 48. 49 notes. Knocking at the imperial gates, 315. His death: terrible doings of his successor, 329. ANABAPTISTS, how treated by Elizabeth and William the Silent, i, 25, 26. ANCEL, mission confided by Henry IV to, iii, 411. 414. 417.
ANDERSON, Claas, Dutch Arctic navi- gator, iii, 572. 573.
ANDRADA, the famous Portuguese poi- soner, iii, 295.
ANGIERS, reception of the Dutch envoys at, iii, 479, 480.
ANHALT, prince of, iv, 30. 201. ANJOU, Duke of, his treachery, i, 8. 10.62. 93. His death, 11. His wife-hunt- ings, 30. 55. Change of policy brought about by his death, 36. Step taken by the States-General on his death, 55. Catherine de Medici's claim under his will, 136. Tearing down of his arms at Antwerp, 253. Queen Elizabeth's aspiration for his soul, 321. Sidney's protest against the queen's marriage with him, i, 360. Tournamental honours rendered to him by Sidney, 361. Lesson taught to Holland by his con duct, ii, 119.
ANNE of Denmark, queen of James I., a bribed partizan of Spain, iv, 144. Her husband's subservience to her, 157. ANTONIO, Don, pretender of Portugal: price set on his head: his escape, pri vations, and ambition. i, 67. Renewed efforts of Philip to kidnap him: makes himself of use to England, 68. Resolve of the English court as to how he "might be induced to offend" the king of Spain, 84. At Leicester's banquet st
Utrecht, ii, 16. Abortive Anglo-Dutch expedition in his behalf, 554-557. ANTONIO, Don Matteo, see Serrano. ANTWERP, siege and fall of, i, 23, 24. 112. Compared with other European cities, 53. Feelings towards France and England, 75 note. Occasion of the proverb "If we get to Antwerp: " Far- nese preparing for its siege, 137. Illus- trations military and political afforded by the siege, 139. Scientific and mechanical appliances resorted to by besiegers and besieged, 140. Situation of the city capacity of its harbour, ibid. Plan of defence urged by Wil- liam the Silent, and results of its non- observance, 141-143. Consequences of the absence of a governing head: anarchical results of a conflict of autho- rities, 144, 145. Rejection of William's plans: the butchers in the ascendant, 151-153. Unwise abandonment of Herenthals: the loss of Liefkenshoek, 153-155. Repulse of the Spaniards at Lillo, 156. Suicidal results of regu- lations imposed upon the bringers-in of corn, 159, 160. Scene produced by the opening of the Saftingen sluices, 160. Too late perception by its opponents of the value of Orange's plan, 161. The key to its fate, 162. Incredulity as to the possibility of Parma bridging the Scheldt, 163. Reply of its authorities to Parma's attempts to subdue them by arguments and promises, 167-170. Commercial panic: flight of its wealthy citizens, 171. Opportunity lost by the failure at Bois-le-Duc, 178, 179. Con- sternation at the completion of Parma's bridge: "demons" fancied and real, 182, 183. Treatment of their spy by Parma, 184. Message brought home by him, 185. Preparing for action: Lief- kenshoek regained, 187, 188. Giani- belli's plan for destroying Parma's bridge, how carried out, and its results, 190-198. Advantage lost through Ja- cobzoon's neglect or incompetency, 198. 200. Fears engendered in the enemy by the fireships, 202, 203. The destructive skill of its citizens how characterized by Parma, 203, 204. Their tactics while preparing to attack the Kowenstyn Dyke, 205. Incidents of their capture of it and of its recapture by the Spaniards, 206-224. Folly of their leaders in not remaining to make victory sure, 215. Celebrating an unsecured conquest: re- action thereon, 225, 226. Effect of the Kowenstyn failure upon the ultimate
fate of the city, 227. Construction and fate of a new marine monster, "the war's end:" only mischief done to the enemy by it, 227--229. Thwarting effects of municipal shortsightedness upon the burgomaster's efforts, 229, 230. Encouraging assurances sent by Queen Elizabeth: increasing despair of the citizens: La Noue's opinion, 231, 232. Last hope gone: tumults and insults to the burgomaster, 234, 235. 238. 242. 244. Negotiations for and ultimate acceptance of terms of capitulation: extremes in the conduct of the populace, 242-253. Conditions insisted on by the victors, 254. Trium- phal entry of Parma: pageantry and feastings thereupon, 258-260. Re- erection of the citadel: consequences of
the heretics having all left" the city, 261. A curb more efficacious than the citadel, 262. Sense in which "religious affairs" improved, 263. 490. Drying up of the source of the city's vitality, 264. 269. iv, 451. 551. Consequences of Gilpin's ill-timed message to England, i. 298, 299. Desperate state of the place, and hard conditions imposed on the burghers, i, 489, 490. 504. iii, 24. Spanish memories of the sack of the city, ii, 489. Jesuit recipe for its re- vival, iii, 23. Auto da fé consummated in the city, 443-445. Rebellion in the citadel, 457. Abortive enterprise of the States against it, iv, 232. See i, 323. 325. 332. 334. ii, 128. 370. iii, 115. 286. 287. 419. iv, 113. 451. 517. AQUILA, Don Juan d', marching to the rescue of the Kowenstyn, i, 217. His dispute with Capizucca for the post of danger, 217, 218. In the thick of the fight together, 220. 221. Commended by Parma to Philip, 224. 225, 227. At Parma's attack on Grave, ii, 12. See iii, 122. His invasion of Ireland and its result, iv. 94, 95.
"ARCHDUKES," the, see Albert, and Clara Isabella.
ARCTIC Voyages of the Dutch navigators and their results narrated, iii, 555- 576.
ARDRES, surrender of, iii, 393. Restored, 500.
AREMBERG, gunpowder accident to, i, 229. See 258.
ARENBERG, Count, iii, 280. 321. 322. His character and disposition, 361. On special mission to England, iv, 137, 154. James's opinion of him, 163. ARMADA of Spain, ii, 103. 113. 315. 322.
Incredulity of English and French statesmen regarding it, 434-436. Dutch preparations against it, 445. Howard's impatience and complaints, 448-450. 457. Ceremonies on setting sail number and armament of the vessels, daily expense, plan of opera- tions, &c, 465-468. A necessity un- provided for: effects of a tempest, 468-470. David Gwynn's successful exploit, 471-473. Off the English coast, 473. Preliminary engagements and their result, 474-482. Both fleets off Calais English fire-ship project, 483-492. Boarding of a great galeasse, 493-496. General engagement of both fleets: flight of the Spaniards: Howard's "brag countenance", 497-503. Dis- persal of the Spanish fleet: summing- up of its disasters, 506, 507. Joint sharers in the honours, 511. 527. Pre- mature rejoicings in Paris, 529. See ii, 514. 515. 518. 521, 523. 532-536. ARMINIUS, Jacob, death of, iv, 536. Con- sequences due to the spread of his doc- trines, 536-538. 547. 548. 568. ARRAGON, admiral of, see Mendoza, Francis.
ARRAGON, revenue of Philip II from, iii, 520.
ARRAS tapestries, iv, 553.
ARSCHOT, Duke of, and his battlings for place, iii, 280. 321, 322. His end, 323.
His son, see Chimay, prince of. ARTOIS, iii, 266. 290. 313.
ARUNDEL House, De Rosny's residence and conferences at, iv, 156. 158. 160. 170. ASCOLI, Prince of, sent on a vain mission, iii, 70.
ASSONLEVILLE, counsellor, setting an assas- sin to work, iii, 300. ATCHEN, or Atsgen, see Achim. ATYE, Leicester's private secretary, ii, 110. Strange story told to and by him,
235. 246. AUDLEY, ii, 48.
AUGUSTUS, Duke of Saxony, sees "into the sect of the Jesuits," i, 32. AUMALE, Henry of Navarre's dangerous skirmish at, iii, 139–142.
AUMALE, Duke of, iii, 55. 63. 139. 353. iv, 41.
AUSTRIA, house of, to be humbled, iv, 152. 157. 179. Extending its relation with King James, 219. Result of the "hum- bling" project, 278. Religious peace, 540. See Albert, Archduke. Matthias. Rudolph.
AUSTRIA, Don John of, "Soldier of Le- panto," i, 358. 359. ii, 541.
AVALOS, hostage with the Spanish mu- tineers, iv, 210.
AXEL, surprised and captured by the Dutch and English, ii, 34-36. AZORES, claim of the Netherlanders rela- tive to the discovery of the, iii, 551.
BABINGTON Conspiracy, ii, 104. 189. BACON, Francis Lord, on the policy of the Cecils towards able men, i, 358. BALAFRE, Le, See Guise. BALAGNY, Seigneur de, petty sovereignty established by, i, 8. 100. His "most excellent milch-cow," 136. Submits to the king's authority: his recompense, iii, 313. His despicable character, 347. His city captured by the Spaniards, 348-350. His after-career, 351. His heroic wife: See Amboise.
BALEN'S own at Nieuport, iv, 38. His successful onset, 39.
BALFOUR, Scottish volunteer, fighting at the Kowenstyn, i, 223.
BALLONO, Juan, his estimate of the killed at Ostend, iv, 216 note.
BALTIC trade, number of ships in the, iv, 554.
BALVENA, Spanish envoy, conferring on peace with Henry IV, iii, 417-419. 459, 460.
BANDA, nutmeg monopoly ratified at, iv,
BANTAM, repulse of the Spanish squadron at, iv, 106, 107.
BARBERINI, papal envoy, trying his per- suasive powers on Henry IV, iv, 368, 369. BARDESIUS, unwelcome task imposed on, ii, 326.
BARENZ, William, his first arctic voyage, iii. 555-557. His second attempt, 559, 560. His third venture, 561, 563. His astronomical experiments, 569, 570. His quiet heroism and death, 571-573. Results of his enterprise, 576.
BARNEVELDT, See Olden-Barneveldt. BASKERVILLE, English captain, his bravery at Sluys, ii, 263. Parma's compliment to him, 274. At Bergen-op-Zoom, 539. Knighted, 544. See 562.
BASTI, George, Albanian chief, iii, 140. His death blow, 145.
BATAVIA, Betuwe, "Good Meadow," is- land of, ii, 19. 23. iii, 111. 113. Its oriental namesake, iv, 107. BAUER: primary and secondary meaning of the word, iii, 172 note. BAX, Paul and Marcellus, iii, 338, 339. Narrow escape of Marcellus, 340. A
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