without acknowledging the consolation I have derived from the friendly assistance and advice of major-general Craig during a tedious sojournment before this place, under many distressing circumstances; and it is a real pleure to add, that, with him, and also since the arrival of general Clarke, the same sentiments seem to have actuated the minds of the officers to whom his majesty has been pleased to entrust the conduct of the expedition. "I beg leave to notice the eminent services of captains Hardy and Spranger; the conduct of the officers, and of the sea and marine corps, is also truly praise-worthy, and will be acceptable to his majesty: the readiness with which the seamen of the India ships, under the command of captain Acland, of the Brunswick, offered their service, gave me the highest satis. faction ; indeed all ranks of men bore this long service, during bad weather, with the utmost cheerfulness, though often unavoidably ill fed, and attended with great fa. tigue. "My anxiety to dispatch the Orpheus, and the short time since our obtaining possession, will, I hope, plead my excuse for not transmit. ting, by this opportunity, a return of the naval stores taken, which I understand are considerable; but the variety of other circumstances at present occupying my mind have hitherto prevented my attending to that point." Admiralty Office, Nov. 23, 1795. A dispatch, of which the following is an extract, has been this day received from vice-admiral the hon, sir George Keith Elphin, stone, K. B. dated on board his majesty's ship Monarch, in Table Bay, Sept. 23, 1795. "I have the honour to acquaint you, for the information of my lords commissioners of the admi. ralty, that on the 16th instant, the colony and castle of the Cape of Good Hope surrendered by capitu. lation to the British arms, in con sequence of which I proceeded in the Monarch to this bay, whither I had previously dispatched com. modore Blankett, in the America, with the two sloops and an India ship, for the purpose of raising an alarm on the Cape Town side, in which he succeeded admirably. "This event has given me great satisfaction; not only from the fortunate termination, but also from the lief it affords to the officers, seamen, and marines of the fleet under my command, after a laborious service for a length of time, where in they were continually fatigued, and often unavoidably ill fed. They merit my warmest thanks, to which the volunteer seamen from the East India company's ships are also entitled, for their readiness in undertaking to draw the cannon, and the cheerfulness with which they performed that duty; and I must more particularly beg leave to notice the eminent services of captains Hardy and Spranger, which, however, are more fully described in a letter from major. general Craig to me, a copy of which I have the honour to enclose together with a list of promotions wherein you will perceive I had given the command of the Princess to captain Hardy, whose acknow. ledged merit will, I trust, justify my election, and recommend him to their lordships' confirmation. This ship is one of those found in Simon's Bay, called the Dutch Wilhemstadt and Boetzlaar, of 1000 tons burthen, mounting 26 guns, and most completely sound, with copper in the hold sufficient to sheath her. "The ship Castor, and Star arm. ed brig, late belonging to the Dutch East India company, were found at anchor in this bay; the latter being fit for his majesty's service and much wanted, I have also pre. sumed to commission her." own goods, his revenues, the fruit of his labour, and his industry. 6. The law is the general will, expressed by the majority either of the citizens or of their representà tives. 7. That which is not forbidden by the law cannot be hindered.No man can be constrained to that which the law ordains not. 8. No one can be cited, accused, arrested, or detained, but in the cases determined by the law, and according to the forms it has prescribed. 9. Those who solicit, expedite, sign, execute, or cause to be exe cuted, arbitrary acts, are culpable, and ought to be punished. 10. All rigour not necessary to secure the person of a man under charge, ought to be severely repressed by the law. 11. No man can be judged until he has been heard or legally summoned. 12. The law ought not to decree any punishment but such as is strictly necessary, and proportioned to the offence. 13. All treatment that aggra vates the punishment determined by the law is a crime. 14. No law, criminal or civil, can have a retroactive effect. 15. Every man may engage his time and his services; but he cannot sell himself, or be sold; his person is not an alienable property. 16. All contribution is established for general utility; it ought to be assessed upon the contributors in proportion to their means. 17. The sovereignty resides essentially in the universality of citizens. 18. No individual, and no partial union of citizens, can arrogate the sovereignty. 9. No man can, without a legal dele 1 delegation, exercise any authority, nor fill any public function. 20. Each citizen has an equal right to concur immediately or mediately in the formation of the law, the nomination of the representatives of the people and of the public functionaries. 21. Public functions cannot become the property of those who exercise them. 22. The social guarantee cannot exist if the division of powers is not established, if their limits are not fixed, and if the responsibility of the public functionaries is not assured. Duties. 1. The declaration of rights contains the obligations of legislators: the maintenance of society demands that those who compose it should equally know, and fulfil their duties. 2. All the duties of man, and of a citizen, spring from these two principles, engraved by nature in every heart: Do not to another that which you would not another should do to you."-" Do constantly to others the good you would receive from them. 3. The obligations of each society consist in defending it, in serving it, in living obedient to the laws, and in respecting those who are the organs of the laws. 4. No man is a good citizen, if he is not a good son, a good father, a good brother, a good friend, a good husband. 5. No man is a good man, if he is not frankly and religiously an observer of the laws. 5. He who openly violates the laws, declares himself in a state of war with society. fringing the laws, eludes them by 'craft or by address, hurts the interests of all; he renders himself unworthy of their benevolence and of their esteem. 8. Upon the maintenance of property rest the cultivation of the earth, all produce, all means of labour, and all social order. 9. Every citizen owes his service to his country, and to the maintenance of liberty, of equality, and of property, as often as the law calls upon him to defend them. Constitution. 1. The French republic, is one and indivisible. 2. The universality of French citizens is the sovereign. Title I. 3. France is divided into departments. These departments are: l'Ain, l'Aisne, l'Allier, les Basses-Alpes, les Hautes-Alpes, les Alpes-Maritimes, l'Ardèche, les Ardennes, l'Arriege,l'Aube, l'Aude, l'Aveyron, les Bouches du Rhöne, le Calvados, le Cantal, la Charente, la Charente-Inférieure, le Cher, la Correze, la Côte-d'Or, les Cötes-du-Nord, la Creuse, la Dordogne, le Doubs, la Dröme, l'Eure, Eure-et-Loire, le Finisterre, le Gard, la Haute-Garonne, le Gers, la Gironde, le Golo, l'Herault, Ille-et-Villaine, l'Indre, Indre-etLoire, l'Isére, le Jura, les Landes, le Liamone, Loire-et-Cher, la Loire, la Haute-Loire, la Loire-Inferieure, le Loiret, le Lot, Lotet-Garonne, la Lozére, Maine-et-Loire, la Manche, la Marne, la Haute-Marne, la Mayenne, la Meurthe, la Meuse, le Mont Blanc, le Mont Terrible, le Morbihan, la Mozelle, la Nièvre, le Nord, l'Oise, t'Orne, 7. He who, without openly in. Pas-de-Calais, le Puy-de-Döme, les Basses-Pyrennées, Les HautesPyrennées, les Pyrennées-Orientales, le Bas-Rhin, le Haut-Rhin, le Rhone, la Haute-Saone, Saone-etLoire, la Sarthe, la Seine, la SeineInfericure, Seine-et-Marne, Seineet-Oise, les deux Sevres, la Somme, le Tarn, le Var, Vaucluse, la Vendée, la Vienne, la Haute- Vienne, les Vosges, l'Yonne. 4. The limits of departments may be changed or rectified by the legislative body; but in this case, the surface of a department cannot exceed one hundred square myriametres (400 square leagues, of 2566 toises each). 5. Each department is distributed into cantons, each canton into communes. The cantons retain their present limits. Their limits may nevertheless be changed or rectified by the legislative body; but, in this case, there cannot be more than one myriametre (two leagues of 2566 toises each) from the most distant commune to the chief place of the canton. 6. The French colonies are in. tegrant parts of the republic, and subject to the same constitutional law. 7. They are divided into de. partments as follow: The island of St. Domingo, the legislative body of which shall settle the division into four departments at least, or six at most. Guadaloupe, MarieGalante, la Desirade, les Saintes, and the French part of St. Martin'; Martinico; French Guiana and Cayenne; St. Lucia and Tobago, The isle of France, les Seychelles, Roderigue and the establishments of Madagascar. The isle of Reu. nion, The East Indies, Pondicher. ry, Chandernagore, Mahe, Karical, and other establishments. Title II.-Political state of Citizen 8. Every man born and resident in France, who being twenty-one years of age, has inscribed his nanie on the civic register of his canton, and who has lived afterwards one year on the territory of the republic, and who pays a direct contribution, real or personal, is a direct citizen. 9. Are citizens without any condition of contribution, Frenchmen who have made one or more campaigns for the establishment of the republic. 10. A foreigner becomes a French citizen when, after having attained the age of twenty-one years, and having declared his intention of settling in France, he had resided there for seven years following, provided he pays a direct contribution, and moreover possesses a real property, or an establishment in agriculture or commerce, or has married a French woman. 11. French citizens alone can vote in the primary assemblies, and be called to the functions establish. ed by the constitution. 12. The exercise of the rights of a citizen is lost:-1. by naturali. zation in a foreign country. 2. By affiliation with any foreign corporation, which supposes distinc tions of birth, or requires religious vows. 3. By the acceptance of functions, or of pensions, offered by a foreign government. 4. By condemnatiou to corporal or infamous punishment until recapa. citation. 13. The exercise of the rights of citizens is suspended:-1. By a judicial interdict on account of insanity, idiotism, or imbecility. 2. By a state of bankruptcy, or being an immediate heir, and detaining gratuitously, the whole or part of of the succession of a bankrupt. 3. By being a domestic on wages, attending on the person, or serving in the house. 4. By being under accusation. 5. By a sentence of contumacy, until that sentence shall be annulled. . 14. The exercise of the rights of citizen is neither lost nor sus pended, but in the cases expressed in the two preceding articles. 15. Every citizen who has resided seven years following out of the territory of the republic, without mission or authorization given in the name of the nation, is reputed a foreigner. He becomes not a French citizen until he has conformed to the conditions prescribed by Article 10. 16. Young men cannot be in scribed in the civic register, unless they prove that they can read and write, and exercise a mechanical profession. The manual opera. tions of agriculture belong to mechanic professions. This article shall not operate till the twelfth year of the republic. Title III.-Primary Assemblies. 17. The primary assemblies are composed of citizens domiciliated in the same canton. The domici. liation requisite for voting in these assemblies is acquired by simple residence during a year, and is lost by a year's absence. 18. No man can send a deputy to the primary assembly, or vote for the same object, in more than One of these assemblies. 19. There is one primary assem bly at least for every canton. Where there are several, each is composed of 450 citizens at least, or goo at most. These numbers are understood of citizens, present er absent, having a right to vote in them. 20. The primary assemblies are constituted, provisionally, under the presidency of the oldest man; the youngest fills provisionally the office of secretary. 21. They are definitively constituted by the nomination, by ballot, of a president, a secretary, and three scrutineers. 22. If difficulties arise upon the right of voting, the assembly decides provisionally, saving recourse to the civil tribunal of departments. 23. In every other case, the le gislative body alone pronounces on the validity of the operations of the primary assemblies. 24. No man can appear in arms in the primary assemblies. 25. Their police belongs to themselves. 26. The primary assemblies meet, 1. To accept or reject the changes in the constitutional act; proposed by the assemblies of revi. sion. 2. To make the election which belong to them according to the constitution. 27. They assemble in full right on the 1st Germinal (March 21) of each year, and proceed accord ing as there may be occasion to the election.-1. Of the members of electoral assembly. 2. Of the justice of peace and his assessors. 3. Of the president of the municipal administration of the canton, or of the municipal officers in communes of more than 5000 inhabitants. 28. Immediately after these elec tions, there are held, in communes of less than 5000 inhabitants, communial assemblies, which elect the agents of each commune and heir assistants. 29. Whatever is done in a primary or |