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Source: 1899-1904 and 1914-1929, Annual Report of Insular Collector of Customs; 1905, Monthly Summary of Commerce of Philippine Islands; 1906-1907, Quarterly Summary of
Commerce of Philippine Islands, April-June, 1907, p. 126; 1908-1911, Annual Report of the Insular Collector of Customs, fiscal year 1912, p. 75; 1912 and 1913, Annual Report of
Insular Collector of Customs; fiscal year 1913, 6 months, 1913, Foreign Commerce of Philippine Islands January-December, 1914, and July-December, 1913.

1 The Manila customhouse was opened under American occupation, Aug. 20, 1898; other Philippine ports were opened to foreign trade as the military occupation was extended.
2 First 3 calendar years following American occupation of Manila on Aug. 13, 1898. No tariff preference accorded American trade in the Philippines or Philippine trade in the
United States.
3 Substantial importations of United States products not included, notably wheat flour and beer, which entered the Philippines from Hong Kong.
Large amounts of manila fiber (abacá) not included, which entered the United States from intermediate foreign ports.

6 Phillippine tariff act effective Nov. 15, 1901 (Act No. 230 of the Philippine Commission), and the reenactment thereof (congressional act of Mar. 8, 1902) were in effect through-
out this period. No Philippine import tariff preferences accorded any country. Philippine products shipped to United States, if on free list of the United States tariff, exempted
from Philippine export duties by the congressional act of Mar. 8, 1902. Rates of the United States tariff act of 1897, less a reduction of 25 per cent, were applied to dutiable imports
into United States from the Philippines.

7 Act of Mar. 3, 1905, and amendment of Feb. 26, 1906, were in effect respecting Philippine imports. No Philippine import tariff preference accorded any country. Philippine
products shipped to United States, if on free list of the United States tariff, were exempted from Philippine export duties by congressional act of Mar. 8, 1902. Rates of United States
tariff act of 1897, less a reduction of 25 per cent, were applied to dutiable imports into United States from the Philippines.

8 Beginning Aug. 6, 1909, all United States products except rice, were admitted duty free into the Philippines, and all Philippine export duties on direct shipments to the United
States were abolished; the rates of the Philippine tariff of 1909 on imports from countries other than the United States became effective Oct. 5, 1909 (congressional Philippine tariff
act of Aug. 5, 1909).

Beginning Aug. 6, 1909, Philippine products also were admitted duty free into the United States, except (a) rice; (b) Philippine products containing in value more than 20 per
cent of non-Philippine or non-American materials; (c) annual quantities, respectively, exceeding 150,000,000 cigars, 1,000,000 pounds filler tobacco, 300,000 pounds wrapper tobacco,
and 300,000 gross tons sugar. (United States tariff act of Aug. 5, 1909.)

From July 1, 1910 to Dec. 31, 1930, importations into the Philippines for account of the United States Government services are included, since they can not be segregated from
published statistical values; the greater amounts of such importations were from the United States, and for the Army alone are tentatively estimated at not less than $50,000,000 from
July 1, 1910 to Dec. 31, 1930. Since these importations were paid for by American taxpayers in the United States, they should be separately considered in order to establish more
nearly the value of Philippine commercial imports, and their amount should be added to the nominal commodity trade balance, thus making the favorable balance to the islands on
this basis, in their trade with the United States, not less than $431,194,000 to the end of 1930.

10 From July 1, 1910 to Dec. 31, 1930, importations into the Philippines for account of the United States Government services are included, since they can not be segregated from
published statistical values; such importations for the Army alone, from countries other than the United States and its possessions, are estimated at not less than $10,000,000 from
July 1, 1910 to Dec. 31, 1930. Since these importations were paid for by American taxpayers in the United States, they should be separately considered in order to establish more
nearly the value of Philippine commercial imports, and their amount should be deducted from the nominal trade balance, thus making the unfavorable balance to the islands on this
basis, in their trade with countries other than the United States and its possessions, not more than $116,843,000 to the end of 1930.

11 From July 1, 1910 to Dec. 31, 1930, importations into the Philippines for account of the United States Government services are included, since they can not be segregated from
published statistical values; such importations for the Army alone, from the United States and other countries, are estimated at not less than $60,000,000 from July 1, 1910 to Dec. 31,
1930. Since these importations were paid for by American taxpayers in the United States, their amount should be added to the nominal commodity trade balance, thus making the
total favorable balance to the islands on this basis, not less than $314,351,000 to the end of 1930.

12 Under the United States tariff act of Oct. 3, 1913, the duty-free admission of United States products into the Philippines was continued and the earlier exception as to rice
repealed. This status was continued without change under the tariff acts of Sept. 21, 1922 and June 17, 1930.
Under the United States tariff act of Oct. 3, 1913, all limitations upon the duty-free admission of Philippine products into the United States were repealed, except that of a maxi-
mum permissible foreign material content of 20 per cent in value; all Philippine export duties on shipments to any destination were repealed. This status was continued without
change under the tariff acts of Sept. 21, 1922, and June 17, 1930.

13 Under the act of Congress approved Aug. 29, 1916, the Philippine Legislature was authorized to enact tariff legislation for the islands, subject to the approval or disapproval of
the President of the United States, but Congress in that act forbade the levying of export duties in the Philippines and reserved the right to enact laws governing trade relations
between the Philippines and the United States. The authority thus given the Philippine Legislature has been exercised to a very limited extent and the import rates enacted by
Congress for non-American merchandise entering the islands, with few exceptions, are still in force. (Congressional Philippine tariff act of Aug. 5, 1909, effective Oct. 5, 1909, with
respect to non-American goods entering the islands.)
14 In the preliminary figures for 1930 there is no segregation of the trade with Hawaii, Guam, and Porto Rico, and this has been included with countries other than continental
United States for that year.

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TABLE 5.-Values and proportions of Philippine and United States exports reciprocally admitted duty free because of their respective origins 1 from the beginning of duty-free trade relations to the end of 1929

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! This table shows the trade in articles which are dutiable on both sides when imported from other countries. Philippine imports from the United States possessions are included.

2 Imports for account of or for sale to the United States Government services in the Philippines are included in these figures beginning July 1, 1910. The amounts of these importations can not be ascertained from public statistics; it can only be estimated that during the 192-year period, July 1, 1910-Dec. 31, 1929, they were not less than $50,000,000 for the Army alone, and possibly were much greater in amount. The amount of strictly commercial importations admitted duty free into the Philippines from the United States because of their American origin is therefore less than here indicated by the amount of importations for the United States Government service.

3 American goods were still subject to the full Philippine import duties during the first 5 weeks of this period.

TABLE 6.—Estimate of scheduled duties nominally waived by the United States on Philippine exports, and by the Philippines on United States exports, from the beginning of reciprocal duty-free trade to December 31, 1929

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1 Based as to sugar on the United States preferential rate on Cuban sugar. 2 Schedule duties waived on imports for account of the United States services in the Philippines are included from July 1, 1910. The amount of these imports cannot be ascertained faom published statistics and consequently the duties waived thereon can only be estimoted. It is believed thot the amount of these duties would not have been less than $7,500,000, and possibly they were much more during the period here tabulated; it is evident that duties remitted on such importations should not be considered as dtuties waived on strictly commercial shipments to the Philippines.

Effectively reciprocal duty-free trade relations began under the act of Aug. 5, 1909.

Year ending

June 30, 1911..

June 30, 1912.

TABLE 6.—Estimate of scheduled duties nominally waived by the United States on Philippine exports, and by the Philippines on United States exports, from the beginning of reciprocal duty-free trade to December 31, 1929-Continued.

June 30, 1910 4.

[Values in thousands of dollars; i. e., 000 omitted]

Not including tobacco and tobacco products 1

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June 30, 1913.

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Dec. 31, 1913 (6 months).

2,346

4,887

13, 230

9, 670 14,557

2, 891

17, 448

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1 The preference arising through reciprocal duty-free entry of tobacco and tobacco products is but partly effective in the price received either for Philippine tobacco products in the United States or for United States tobacco products in the Philippines; therefore, the duties which would have accrued on such importtations have been entirely omitted in the last four columns of this tabulation. Duties waived in the Philippines on relatively small importations of spirits, spirituous liquors, and matches from the United States, have also been omitted in the third from last and last columns of the tabulation.

2 Based as to sugar on the United States preferential rate on Cuban sugar.

3 Scheduled duties waived on imports for account of the United States services in the Philippines are included from July 1, 1910. The amount of these imports can not be ascertained from published statistics, and consequently the duties waived thereon can only be estimated. It is believed that the amount of these duties would not have been less than $7,500,000, and possibly they were much more during the period here tabulated; it is evident that duties remitted on such importations should not be considered as duties waived on strictly commercial shipments to the Philippines.

4 Effectively reciprocal duty-free trade relations began under the act of Aug. 5, 1909.

63839-31-6

TABLE 7.-Ad valorem equivalent of estimated duties nominally waived on Philippine and American products in the United States and the Philippines, respectively

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1 The extraordinarily high prices of sugar in 1920, to which a specific rate of preference was applied, account for the low level of 15.9 per cent in this year.

2 Estimated by adding 0.5 per cent to annual average of 16.28 per cent during 5 years 1922-1926.

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