Van Hay. Mar. Ev. Van Haythuyer on Maritime Evidence. Van K. Van Koughnet's Reports, Upper Canada C. P. Reports, vols. 15-21. Van Ness. Van Ness's Reports, U. S. District Courts, New York. Van Sant. Eq. Pr. Van Santvoord's Equity Practice. Van Sant. Pl. Van Santvoord's Pleadings. Van Sant. Prec. Van Santvoord's Precedents. Vatt. Vattel's Law of Nations. Vaugh. Vaughan's Reports, English Common Pleas. Vaux. Vaux's Recorder's Decisions, Philadelphia, Pa. Vaz. Extrad. Vazelhes's Etude sur l'Extradition. Veaz. Veazey's Reports, Vermont Reports, vols. 36-46. Vend. Ex. Venditioni Exponas. Vent. Ventris's Reports, English King's Bench. Vern. Vernon's Reports, English Chancery. Vern. & Sc. Vernon and Scriven's Reports, Irish King's Bench. Verpl. Contr. Verplanck on Contracts. Ves. Vesey, Senior's, Reports, English Chan 70 ABBREVIATION VIATIO Vin. Supp. Supplement to Viner's Abridgment. Vincens Leg. Com. Vincens's Legislation Commerciale. Vinn. Vinnins. Vint. Can. L. Vinton on American Canon Law. Vir. Virgin's Reports, Maine Reports, vols. 52-60. Virg. Virginia Reports. Virg. Cas. Virginia Cases. Viz. Videlicet, That is to say. Von Holst Const. His. Von Holst's Constitu tional History of the U. S. Voorh. Code. Voorhies's Code, New York. Voorh. Cr. Jur. Voorhies on the Criminal Jurisprudence of Louisiana. Vr. or Vroom. Vroom's Reports, New Jersey Law Reports, vols. 30-41. Vs. Versus. Vt. Vermont Reports. W. King William; thus 1 W. I. signifies the first year of the reign of King William I. W. Statute of Westminster. W. Bl. William Blackstone's Reports, English King's Bench and Common Pleas. W. C. C. Washington's Circuit Court Reports, U. S., 3d Circuit. W. Ent. Winch's Book of Entries. W. H. Chron. Westminster Hall Chronicle, London. W. H. & G. Welsby, Hurlstone, and Gordon's Reports, English Exchequer Reports, vols. 1-9. W. J. Western Jurist, Des Moines, Iowa. W. Jones. Wm. Jones's Reports, English Courts. W. Kel. Wm. Kelyne's Reports, English King's Bench and Chancery. W. L. Gaz. nati, O. W. L. Jour. nati, O. Western Law Gazette, Cincin Western Law Journal, Cincin W. L. M. Western Law Monthly, Cleveland, O. W. L. R. Washington Law Reporter, Washington, D. C. W. N. Weekly Notes, London. W. N. Cas. delphia. W. P. Cas. Wollaston's Practice Cases. W. R. Weekly Reporter, London. W. R. Calc. Southerland's Weekly Reporter, Calcutta. Weekly Notes of Cases, Phila W. Rep. West's Reports temp. Hardwicke, English Chancery. W. T. R. Weekly Transcript Reports, New York. Wright's Tenures. W. Ten. W. Ty. R. Washington Territory Reports. W. Va. West Virginia Reports. W. W. & D. Willmore, Wollaston, and Davison's Reports, English Queen's Bench. W. W. & H. Willmore, Wollaston, and Hodge's Reports, English Queen's Bench. W. & Buh. West & Buhler's Collection of Futwahs, India. W. & M. Woodbury and Minot's Reports, U. S. Circuit Court, 1st Circuit. W. & S. Watts and Sergeant's Reports, Pennsylvania. W. & S. App. Wilson and Shaw's Scotch Appeals, English House of Lords. Wa. Wales. Wa. Watts's Reports, Pennsylvania. Wadd. Dig. Waddilove's Digest of English Ecclesiastical Cases. Wade Notice. Wade on the Law of Notice. Wade Retro. L. Wade on Retroactive Laws. Wait Act. & Def. Wait's Actions and Defence. 71 Wallace's Reports, U. S. Supreme ABBREVIATION Webb, A'B. & W. Eq. Webb, A'Beckett, and Williams's Equity Reports, Victoria. Webb, A'B. & W. I. P. & M. Webb, A'Beckett, and Williams's Insolvency, Probate, and Matrimonial Reports, Victoria. Webb, A'B. & W. Min. Webb, A'Beckett, and Williams's Mining Cases, Victoria. Webb. & D. Webb and Duval's Reports, Texas Reports, vols. 1-3. Webs. Pat. Cas. Webster's Patent Cases, English Courts. Wedg. Gov. & Laws. Wedgwood's Government and Laws of the U. S. Weekl. Cin. L. B. Weekly Cincinnati Law Bulletin. Weekl. Dig. Weekly Digest, New York. Weekl. L. Rev. Weekly Law Review, San Francisco, Cal. Weekl. No. Weekly Notes of Cases, London. Weekl. No. Cas. Weekly Notes of Cases, Philadelphia. Weekl. Reptr. Weekly Reporter, London. Weekl. Trans. Repts. Weekly Transcript Reports, New York. Weeks Att. at Law. Weeks, D. A. Inj. Injuria. Weeks on Attorneys at Law. Weeks Dep. Weeks on the Law of Deposition. Laws. Welford on Equity Pleading. Wellwood's Abridgment of Sea Wells L. & F. Wells's Questions of Law and Facts. Wells Res Ad. & St. D. Wells on Res Adjudi cata and Stare Decisis. Wells Sep. Pr. of Mar. Wom. Wells on Separate Property of Married Women. Welsby, H. & G. Welsby, Hurlstone, & Gor. Vir-don's Reports, English Exchequer Reports, vols. 1-9. Cir Wash. L. Rep. Washington Law Reporter, Washington, D. C. Wash. Ty. Washington Territory Reports. Washb. Washburn's Reports, Vermont Reports, vols. 16-23. Washb. Cr. L. Washburn on Criminal Law. Washb. Easem. Washburn on Easements and Servitudes. Washb. R. P. Washburn on Real Property. Wat. Cr. Proc. Waterman's Criminal Procedure. Wat. Jus. Waterman's Justice. Wat. Set-Off Waterman on Set-Off, etc. Wats. Cler. Law. Watson's Clergyman's Law. Wats. Comp. or Wats. Eq. Watson's Compendium of Equity. Wats. Const. Hist. Watson's Constitutional History of Canada. Welsh. Welsh's Registry Cases, Ireland. Wend. Wendell's Reports, New York Supreme Court. Wendt Mar. Leg. Wendt on Maritime Legislation. Went. Ex. or Went. Off. Ex. Wentworth on Executors. Went. Pl. Wentworth on Pleadings. Wesk. Ins. Weskett on Insurance. West. West's Reports, English Chancery tempore Hardwicke. West. H. L. West's Reports, English House of Lords. West. Jur. Western Jurist, Des Moines, Iowa. West. L. J. or West. Law Jour. Western Law Journal, Cincinnati, Ohio. West. L. Mo. or West. Law Mo. Western Law Monthly, Cleveland, Ohio. West. L. O. or West. Leg. Obs. Western Legal Observer, Quincy, Ill. West Pat. West on Patents. West. T. Cas. Western's Tithes Cases. West t. H. West's Reports, English Chancery, Wats. Part. Watson on the Law of Partner- tempore Hardwicke. ship. Wats. Sher. Watson on Sheriffs. Watts. Watts's Reports, Pennsylvania. Watts & Ser. Watts and Sergeant's Reports, Pennsylvania. Web. Pat. Webster on Patents. Web. Pat. Cas. Webster's Patent Cases, English Courts. Webb. Webb's Reports, Kansas Reports, vols. 6-20. Webb, A'B. & W. Webb, A'Beckett, and Williams's Reports, Victoria. Westl. Conf. Westlake on Conflict of Laws. Westm. Statute of Westminster. Weston. Weston's Reports, Vermont Reports, vols. 12-14. Weyt. Av. Van Weyton on Average. Wh. Wharton's Reports, Pennsylvania. Wh. Wheaton's Reports, U. S. Supreme Court. Wh. Cr. Cas. Wheeler's Criminal Cases, New York. Wh. & T. L. Cas. White and Tudor's Leading Cases, Equity. 72 ABBREVIATION Wilk. Pub. Funds. Wilkinson on the Law Wilk. Repl. Wilkinson on Replevin. Wilk. & Owo. Wilkinson and Owen's Reports, Wilk. & Pat. Wilkinson and Paterson's Re ports, New South Wales. Will. (Mass.). Williams's Reports, Massachusetts Reports, vol. 1. Will. (Peere). Peere Williams's Reports, English Chancery. Will. (Vt.). Williams's Reports, Vermont Reports, vols. 27-29. Will. Ann. Reg. Williams's Annual Register, Will. Auct. Williams on the Law of Auctions. Wheaton on Maritime Law. Wheat. Hist. L. of N. Wheaton's History of the Law of Nations. Wheat. Int. L. Wheaton's International Law. Wheel. Wheelock's Reports, Texas Reports, vols. 32-37. Wheel. Abr. Wheeler's Abridgment. Whit. War P. the Constitution. White. White's Reports, West Virginia Re. ports, vols. 10-15. Whiting on War Powers under White L. L. White's Land Law of California- White Supp. White on Supplement and Revivor. White&T. L. Cas. White and Tudor's Leading Cases, Equity. Whitm. B. L. Whitmarsh's Bankrupt Law. Whitm. Pat. Cas. Whitman's Patent Cases. Whitm. Pat. L. Whitman's Patent Laws. Whitm. Pat. Law Rev. Whitman's Patent Law Review, Washington, D. C. Whitt. Whittlesey's Reports, Missouri Reports, vols. 32-41. Whitt. Pl. Whittaker's Practice and Pleading, Wig. Disc. Wigram on Discovery. Wight. Wightwick's Reports, English Exche quer. Willard Real Est. & Con. Willard's Real Estate and Conveyancing. Wille. Const. Willcock's Office of Constable. Corporations. Willcocks on Municipal Willes. Willes's Reports, English King's Bench and Common Pleas. Williams. Williams's Reports, Massachusetts Reports, vol. 1. Williams, Peere. English Chancery. Peere Williams's Reports, Willis Eq. Willis on Equity Pleadings. Willis Trust. Willis on Trustees. Wills Cir. Ev. Wills on Circumstantial Evidence. Wilm. Wilmot's Notes of Opinions and Judgments, English King's Bench. Wilm. Mort. Wilmot on Mortgages. Wils. Wilson's Reports, English King's Bench and Common Pleas. Wils. (Cal.). Wilson's Reports, California Reports, vol. 1. Wils. (Ind.). Wilson's Reports, Indiana Su Wight. El. Cas. Wight's Election Cases, Scot-perior Court Reports. land. Wilc. Wilcox's Reports, Ohio Reports, vol. 10. Wilc. Cond. Wilcox's Condensed Reports, Ohio. Wile. Mun. Corp. Wilcox on Municipal Cor porations. Wild. Int. L. Wildman's International Law. Wild. S. C. & P. Wildman on Search, Capture, and Prize. Wilde Sup. Wilde's Supplement to Barton's Conveyancing. Wilk. Leg. Ang. Sax. Wilkins's Leges Anglo Saxonicæ. Wilk. Lim. Wilkinson on Limitations. Wils. (Oreg.). Wilson's Reports, Oregon Reports, vols. 1-3. Wils. Arb. Wilson on Arbitrations. Wils. Ch. Wilson's Reports, English Chancery. Wils. Exch. Wilson's Reports, English Exchequer. Wils. Fines & Rec. Wilson on Fines and Wils. Parl. L. Wilson's Parliamentary Law. Wilk. P. & M. Wilkinson, Paterson, and Mur-glish House of Lords Appeals from Scotland. ray's Reports, New South Wales. Wilk. Prec. Wilkinson's Precedents in Con- Common Pleas. veyancing. Win. Ent. Winch's Entries. Williams on Personal Property. Williams on Real Assets. Williams on Real Property. Wms. Saund. Williams's Notes to Saunders's Reports. Wms. & Br. Adm. Jur. Williams and Bruce on Admiralty Jurisdiction. Wolf. Inst. Wolffin's Institutiones Juris Na turæ et Gentium. Wolf. & B. Wolferstan and Bristow's Election Cases. Wolf. & D. Wolferstan and Dew's Election Cases. Woll. Court. Wollastan's Reports, English Bail Wood. Woods's Reports, U. S. Circuit Court, 5th Circuit. Wood (H.). Hutton Wood's Decrees in Tithe Cases, English. Wood Civ. L. Wood's Institutes of the Civil Law. Wood Com. L. Wood's Institutes of the Common Law. Wood Conv. Wood on Conveyancing. Wood Man. Wood on Mandamus. Wools. Div. Woolsey on Divorce. Wools. Int. L. Woolsey's International Law. Woolw. Woolworth's Reports, U. S. Circuit Court, 8th Circuit (Miller's Opinions). Woolw. (Neb.). Woolworth's Reports, Nebraska Reports, vol. 1. Word. Elect. Wordsworth's Law of Election. Word. Elect. Cas. Wordsworth's Election Cases. Word. J. S. Wordsworth's Joint Stock Companies. Wordsworth on the Law of Word. Min. Patents. Wordsworth on the Law of Mining. Word. Pat. Worth. Jur. Juries. Worthington on the Powers of Worth. Prec. Wills. Worthington's Precedents for Wills. Wr. or Wr. Pa. Wright's Reports, Pennsylvania State Reports, vols. 37-50. Wr. Ch. or Wr. Reports, Ohio. Wr. Cr. Consp. spiracies. Ohio. Wright's Chancery Wright on Criminal Con Wr. Fr. Soc. Wright on Friendly Societies. Wr. N. P. Wright's Nisi Prius Reports, Ohio. Wr. Ten. Wright on Tenures. Wy. Wyoming Territory Reports. Wyatt P. R. Wyatt's Practical Register in Chancery. Wyatt, W. & A'B. Wyatt, Webb, and A'Beckett's Reports, Victoria. Wyatt, W. & A'B. Eq. Wyatt, Webb, and A'Beckett's Equity Reports, Victoria. Wyatt, W. & A' B. I. P. & M. Wyatt, Webb, and A'Beckett's Insolvency, Probate, and Matrimonial Reports, Victoria. Wyatt, W. & A'B. Min. Wyatt, Webb, and A'Beckett's Mining Cases, Victoria. Wyatt & W. Wyatt and Webb's Reports, Victoria. Wyatt & W. Eq. Wyatt and Webb's Equity Reports, Victoria. Wyatt & W. I. P. & M. Wyatt' and Webb's Insolvency, Probate, and Matrimonial Reports, Victoria. Wyatt & W. Min. Wyatt and Webb's Mining Cases, Victoria. Wym. Wyman's Reports, Bengal. Y. & C. Younge and Collyer's Reports, English Exchequer and Equity. Y. & C. C. C. Younge and Collyer's Chancery Cases, English. Y. & J. Younge and Jervis's Reports, English Exchequer. Yates Sel. Cas. Yates's Select Cases, New York. Yeates. Yeates's Reports, Pennsylvania. Yerg. Yerger's Reports, Tennessee. Woodm. & T. on For. Med. Woodman and Bench. Woods's Reports, U. Yool Waste. Yool on Waste, Nuisance, and Trespass. ABBREVIATORS Young. Young's Reports, Minnesota Reports, Vols. 21-26. Young M. L. Cas. Young's Maritime Law Cases, English. Younge. Younge's Reports, English Exchequer Equity. Younge & Coll. Younge and Collyer's Re- Younge & Jer. Younge and Jervis's Reports, Zab. Zabriskie's Reports, New Jersey Law Reports, vols. 21-24. chance-medley, or manslaughter; Spelman; Cowel; Blount. ABET. In crim. law. To encourage or set another on to commit a crime. This word is always applied to aiding the commission of a crime. To abet another to commit a murto commit it. Old Nat. Brev. 21; Coke, Litt. der, is to command, procure, or counsel him 475. ABETTOR. An instigator, or setter on; one that promotes or procures the commission of a crime. Old Nat. Brev. 21. Zach. Dr. Civ. Zachariæ Droit Civil Français. ABBREVIATORS. Eccl. law. Officers whose duty it is to assist in drawing up the Pope's briefs, and reducing petitions into proper form, to be converted into Papal Bulls. ABBROCHMENT. Old Eng. law. The forestalling of a market or fair. ABBUTTALS. See ABUTTALS. ABDICATION. A simple renunciation of an office; generally understood of a supreme office. James II. of England, Charles V. of Germany, and Christiana, Queen of Sweden, are said to have abdicated. When James II. of England left the kingdom, the Commons voted that he had abdicated the government, and that thereby the throne had become vacant. The House of Lords preferred the word deserted; but the Commons thought it not comprehensive enough, for then the king might have the liberty of returning. ABDUCTION. Forcibly taking away a man's wife, his child, or his maid; 3 Bla. Com. 139-141. The unlawful taking or detention of any female for purposes of marriage, concubinage, or prostitution; 4 Steph. Com. 84. The remedy for taking away a man's wife was by a suit by the husband for damages, and the offender was also answerable to the king. 3 Bla. Com. 139. If the original removal was without consent, subsequent assent to the marriage does not change the nature of the act. It is stated to be the better opinion, that if a man marries a woman under age, without the consent of her father or guardian, that act is not indictable at common law; but if children are taken from their parents or guardians, or others intrusted with the care of them, by any sinister means, either by violence, deceit, conspiracy, or any corrupt or improper practices, as by intoxication, for the purpose of marrying them, though the parties themselves consent to the marriage, such criminal means will render the act an offence at common law; 1 East, Pl. Cr. 458; 1 Rus. Cr. 962; Rosc. Cr. Ev. 260. ABEARANCE. Behavior; as a recog nizance to be of good abearance, signifies to be of good behavior; 4 Bla. Com. 251, 256. ABEREMURDER. In old Eng. law. An apparent, plain, or downright murder. It was used to distinguish a wilful murder from The distinction between abettors and accessaof the crime; Cowel; Fleta, lib. 1, cap. 34. Presence and participation are necessary to constitute a person an abettor; 4 Sharsw. Bla. Com. 33; Russ. & R. 99; 9 Bingh. N. c. 440; 13 Mo. 382; 1 Wis. 159; 10 Pick. 477. ABEYANCE (Fr. abbayer, to expect). In expectation, remembrance, and contemplation of law; the condition of a freehold when there is no person in being in whom it is vested. In such cases the freehold has been said to be in nubibus (in the clouds), and in gremio legis (in the bosom of the law). It has been denied by some that there is such a thing as an estate in abeyance; Fearne, Cont. Rem. 513. See also the note to 2 Sharsw. Bla. Com. 107. The law requires that the freehold should never, if possible, be in abeyance. Where there is a tenant of the freehold, the remainder or reversion in fee may exist for a time without any particular owner, in which case it is said to be in abeyance; 9 S. & R. 367; 3 Plowd. 29 a, b, 35 a; 1 Washb. R. P. 47. A glebe, parsonage lands, may be in abeyance, in the United States. 9 Cranch, 47; 2 Mass. 500; 1 Washb. R. P. 48. So also may the franchise of a corporation. 4 Wheat. 691. So, too, personal property may be in abeyance or legal sequestration, as in case of a vessel captured at sea from its capture until it becomes invested with the character of a prize. 1 Kent, 102; 1 C. Rob. Adm. 139; 3 id. 97, n. See generally, also, 5 Mass. 555; 15 id. 464. ABIATICUS (Lat.). A son's son; a times spelled Aviaticus. Du Cange, Avius. grandson in the male line. Spelman. Some ABIDING BY. In Scotch law. A judicial declaration that the party abides by the deed on which he founds, in an action where the deed or writing is attacked as forged. Unless this be done, a decree that the deed is false will be pronounced. Paterson, Comp. It has the effect of pledging the party to stand the consequences of founding on a forged deed. Bell, Dict. ABIGEATORES. See ABIGEUS. ABIGEI. See ABIGEUS. See |