vided for in the articles of association. 1866, Society for Visitation of the Sick v. Commw., 52 Pa. St. 125, 91 Am. Dec. 139; 1892, Cronin v. Potters' Co-op. Co., 29 W. L. B. (Ohio) 52. See, also, text-book citations, supra, p. 397. For rules of construing charters see infra, p. 934. See, also, 1902, Ramsey v. Tod, 95 Tex. 614, 93 Am. St. R. 875, 69 S. W. 133. Sec. 94. (b) Usual provisions in the general law: The general law usually contains provisions enumerating the purposes for which corporations may be formed, varying greatly in detail from "any lawful business or purpose," with a short list of exceptions, to a long list in detail, like Michigan and Texas, the latter of which sets forth a list of forty-seven classes of purposes for which private corporations may be formed, and the former has special provisions made for each of fifty-six different classes of corporations. The general law usually contains restrictions concerning the selection of the name, the duration of the corporation, the amount of stock-both a maximum and minimum limit, the maximum indebtedness allowed, location of principal office, place of keeping corporate books, number (least or greatest, or both) of directors, qualifications of the same, oath of same, other officers and qualifications, individual liability of members, annual meetings and elections, notices to be given of meetings, places of meeting, voting (number of votes, ballots, proxy, by trustees, pledges, etc.), quorum, of shareholders' and directors' meetings, power and method of adopting by-laws, with the things to be regulated thereby (such as time and places of meeting, quorums, proxy voting, number of directors, choosing officers, term of office, mode of selling stock for unpaid assessments, mode of transfer of stock, etc.), general powers of the corporation as to amount and kind of property it may own, the contracts it may make, etc., methods of dissolution, etc., reports to be made and reserving a right to repeal or amend the laws relating to corporations. Sec. 95. (c) Articles of incorporation, form and contents: General corporation laws usually provide that those desiring to form a corporation shall make an application in writing to some court or officer, who (in some cases, after a formal hearing) is to determine whether the application is according to law; and, if so, to make a record of that fact, and furnish an authenticated copy of the application, or the record made, to those applying; this authenticated copy then becomes prima facie evidence of their authority to organize and exist as a corporation. The statutes vary much, but the most important things to be said and done in the various states are indicated in the following table: |