towards, in the Northwestern
Territory, 335.
Inhabitancy, of Representatives,
54, 55, 74, 290. Of Senators,
73, 291. Of the President and
Vice-President, 167, 298.
Innocent persons, punished, 135.
Innovations in the government,
Washington on, 314. See
Amendments.
Impairing contracts, laws for, un- Indictments, 230, 231, 232, 304.
constitutional, 146, 150, 248,|| Indirect taxes, meaning of, 103.
296, 302. Meaning of, 154. || Inferior courts, establishment of,
See Contracts.
119, 181, 218, 294, 299.
Impeachment, by the House of Influence, foreign, Washington
Representatives, 62, 63, 85,
on, 319.
87, 290. Trial of, before the
Senate, 76, 85, 291. Of the
President of the United States,
76, 78, 83, 291. Requirements
necessary for conviction, 76, 79,
291. Mode of trial in, 78, 291.
The judgement to be rendered
in cases of, 79, 88, 291. Per-
sons liable to, 81, 83, 178, 299. |
Extent of the power of, 81, 299.
Offences for, 81, 83, 88, 299.
Summary statement of the pro-
ceedings respecting, 85.
No
pardon upon conviction of, 88,
170, 172, 298.
Implication, cases arising by,191.
Implied contracts, 151.
Implied powers of Congress, 131,
133, 141, 191.
Implied prohibitions on the States,
Importation and migration of
slaves, 142, 295.
Imports, on duties on, 105, 296. ||
See Duties.
Imposts, power of Congress to
lay, and collect, 101, 293. Use
of the word, 103. Uniformity
in, required, 104, 294.
In capite, 16.
Incidental powers, of Congress,
131, 141, 191. Of the Presi-
dent of the United States,
Independence, declared, 12, 24,||
27, 275. Admitted by Great
Britain, 24, 325.
Indians, title of the, to the soil, 12.
Rights and privileges retained
by the, 14. Power of Congress
to regulate commerce with the,
108, 109, 294. Trade with,
113. Good faith to be observed
31
Insolvent laws, power of Congress
respecting, 114, 294. By the
States, 155.
Inspection laws, provision as to,
106, 296.
Institutions, Washington on liter-
ary, 317.
Insurrections, suppression of do-
mestic, 244, 302.
Invasion, protection against, 244,
of office of, 174, 181, 182,
299, 300. Compensation of,
185, 300. Impeachable, 185.
Tenure of office of, in different
States, 206. Functions of the
National, 228. In the Territory
northwest of the river Ohio,331.
Judicial power of the Senate, 76,
Judiciary, under the Constitution,
different States, 186, 187, 209,
221, 300; between a State, or
the citizens thereof, and foreign
States, citizens or subjects, 186,
187, 210, 211, 221, 223, 300.
The mode of exercising juris-
diction by the, 212, 300. De-
tails respecting the original and
appellate jurisdiction of the, 212
-227. Bound by the Constitu-
tion, laws, and treaties, 219,
302. Object of the, 222. Ex-
clusive powers of the, 223.
Non-interference of, with State
courts, 224. Jurisdiction of the,
both as to law and fact, 224,
226, 300, 304.
Jurisdiction, see Appellate, Judic-
iary, and Original.
Ju-Jury, trial by, and its incidents,
228, 300, 304. Object of it,
229. Grand, 231.
Justice, establishment of, 40, 289.
Administration of, 40. Evils
requiring, 41. National, en-
joined by Washington, 318. See
Judiciary.
48, 289. Appointments of
judges, and tenure of office in
the, 174, 181, 182, 299, 300.
Indispensableness of the, 179,
180. Montesquieu on the, 180.
Two ends of government to be
attained by the, 181. Estab-
lishments of courts, 181, 299.
Provision for the independence
of the, 182, 183, 300.
risdiction of the, 186; in cases
arising under the Constitution,
186, 188, 190, 221, 223, 300;
under the laws of the United
States, 186, 188, 190, 216, 221,
223, 300; under treaties, 186,
189, 190, 216, 221, 223, 300;
in cases of law and equity, 186,
189, 192, 216, 300, 305; in
cases affecting ambassadors, and
other public ministers, 186,
192, 213, 221, 223, 300; con-
suls, 186, 193, 213, 223, 300;
of admiralty and maritime juris-
diction, 186, 187, 194, 196,
221, 223, 300; of captures,
187, 194,; of crimes upon the
high seas, 186, 187, 196, 198,
300; of controversies, to which
the United States is a party,
186, 187, 199, 223, 300; of
controversies between States,
186, 187, 199, 200, 221, 300;
between a State and citizens of
another State, 186, 187, 199,
201, 223, 300; in suits brought
by and against a State, 186,|| Laity in England, 82.
202, 217, 305. Jurisdiction of
the, in controversies between
citizens of different States, 186,
187, 205, 221, 300; of the
same State claiming grants of
King, authority of the, in the Pro-
vincial governments, 17-21.
Rights and prerogatives of the,
23. Approbation of the Speaker
of the House of Commons by
the, 62. May prorogue Parlia-
ment, 92. Negatived laws pro-
hibiting the slave trade, 143.
Jurisdiction of the, in controver-
sies between Colonies, 200.
See George III.
Knowledge, importance of, in
Members of Congress,
Washington, on institutions for,
Lands, under the Articles of Con-
federation, 29. Ceded to the
government, 128, 295. Juris-
diction in certain controversies
respecting, 209.
Law and equity, cases of, 186,
189, 192, 216, 300.
Law and fact, jurisdiction of the
Supreme Court as to, 224, 226,
300, 304.
Law of the land, 233.
Law of nations, offences against,
119, 294.
303. Of speech, 255, 261, 303.
Of the press, 255, 261, 303;
restricted in foreign countries,
262; loose reasoning on it, 263.
Of speech and debate, under the
Confederation, 281.
Licensing the press, 263.
Licentiousness of the press, 264.
Life or limb, second trials for, 230,
232, 304.
Literary institutions, Washington
on, 317.
Laws, for new countries, 21.
Inefficacy of, under the Con-
federation, 30. Mode of pas-
sing, in Congress, 96, 293.
Power of Congress to make nec-Loyalists, articles respecting, in
essary and proper, 131, 295. the treaty of 1783, 327.
Ex post facto, by Congress, 144, Louisiana, acquisition of, 108,
295; by the States, 146, 150,
296. Impairing the obligation
of contracts, 146, 150, 248,
296, 302. Uniformity in inter-
preting, 181. Duty of the Pres-
ident respecting the faithful ex-||
ecution of the, 177, 299. Ju-
risdiction in cases under the
United States', 186, 188, 190,
216, 221, 223, 300. Suprema- ||
cy of the Constitution, treaties,
and, 249, 302. Washington,
on oppositions to the, 313. See
Common, Congress, and Ju-
diciary.
Mably, Abbé, on neighboring
states, 38.
Magazines, 129, 295. Reservation
respecting, 130.
Legal tender in payment of debts,
146, 149, 296.
Legislation in ceded places, 129,
130, 295.
Legislative powers under the colo-
nial governments, 17-19. Un-
der the Confederation and Con-
stitution, 47, 49, 289. Advan-
tages of the division of, in Con-
gress, 49.
Legislature, see Congress, Repre-
sentatives, and Senate.
Letters of marque and reprisal,
120, 121, 294. By the States,
unconstitutional, 146, 296.
Levies for the Revolutionary ar-
my, 122.
Liberty, on securing the blessings
of, 45, 289. Of speech and de-
bate in Congress, 93, 94, 292.||
Religious, 252, 253, 255, 259,
Magna Charta, 20. Valuable pro-
visions in the, 257.
Mail routes, 117, 294.
Maritime jurisdiction, power of the
Judiciary in cases of admiralty
and, 186, 187, 194, 196, 221,
223, 300.
Marque, letters of, and reprisal,
120, 121, 294. By the States,
unconstitutional, 146, 296.
Maryland, settled, 16. Proprietary
government of, 18. Accedes to
the Confederation, 28. Com-
missioners appointed by, in
1785, 33. Adopts the Consti-
tution, 35.
Massachusetts, settled, 16. Union
of, with Plymouth, 16. Charter
government of, 19. Recom-
mends a Continental Congress,
26. Adopts the Constitution,
35.
Maximilian, institution of the im-
perial chamber by, 200.
Measures and weights, power of
Congress as to, 116, 294.
Meetings of Congress, 90, 291.
Migration and importation of
slaves, 142, 295.
Military establishments, Washing-
ton on, 311.
Military officers, distinction be-
tween civil and, 82. Trial and
punishment of, 82. Appoint-
ment of, under the Confedera-
tion, 282, 285.
Militia, power of Congress over
the, 125, 294. Discipline and
government of the, 126, 294.
Commander of the, when cal-
led out, 128, 298. Amend-
ment of the Constitution re-
specting the, 264, 303. Right
of the, to bear arms, 264, 265,
303. Importance of the, 265.
Clause respecting, in the Con-
federation, 282.
Ministers, public, appointment of,
172, 173, 299. To be received
by the President, 176, 299. Ju-
risdiction of the Judiciary as to,
186, 192, 213, 221, 223, 300.
Mississippi River and its tributa-
ries, freedom of the, according
to the Ordinance for the gov-
ernment of the Northwestern
Territory, 140, 336. A boun-
dary of the United States, 326.
Freedom of the, according to
the treaty of 1783, 329.
Mode of passing laws in Congress,
96, 293.
Money, borrowing, under the Con-
federation, 29, 287, 288. Coin-
age of, under the Confedera-
tion, 30, 287. Power of Con-
gress for borrowing, 107, 141,
294; as to coining, 115, 294;
regulating the value of, 116,
294; and counterfeiting, 116,
294. Appropriation of, for ar-
mies, 122, 123, 294. On ap-
propriating, before drawing
from the treasury, 144, 295. ||
States forbidden to coin, 146,
147, 296. See Bills, and Pa-
per.
Montesquieu, on the judiciary, 180.
Morality, indispensable to political
prosperity, 316. See Religion.
N.
National justice, 40, 289. Enjoin-
ed by Washington, 318.
National prejudices, Washington
on, 318.
Naturalization, power of Congress
respecting, 114, 294. See Cit-
izenship.
Naval officers, trial of, 82.
Navigation, power of Congress
over, 110. See Commerce.
Navy, power of Congress as to,
43, 124, 141, 294.
Necessary and proper, meaning of,
as to powers of Congress, 131,
Negative of the President on laws,
98, 293.
Neighboring States, Abbé Mably
on, 38.
Neutrality, Washington on, 322.
New countries, laws of England
for, 21.
New England, origin of the States
of, 15.
New Hampshire, settled, 16. Gov-
ernment of, at the commence-
ment of the Revolution, 18.
New Jersey, settled, 16. Adopts
the Constitution, 35.
New States, admission of, into the
Union, 137, 301, 336.
New York, settled, 12, 16. Gov-
ernment of, at the commence-
ment of the Revolution, 18.
Concessions of territory by, 29.
Adopts the Constitution, 35.
New-York city, the seat of govern-
ment, 34.
Nobility, prohibition of titles of, by
Congress, 145, 296; by the
States, 146, 156, 296.
Nominations by the President,
172, 173, 299.
North Carolina, settled, 16. Gov-
ernment of, at the commence-
ment of the Revolution, 18.
Proceedings of, respecting the
adoption of the Federal Consti-
tution, 34.
Northeastern boundary of the Uni-
ted States, according to the trea-
ty of 1783,325.
Northern Colony, under the char-
ter of James I., 15.
Northwestern boundary of the
United States, according to the
treaty of 1783, 326.
Northwestern Territory, 138. Peo-
pling of the, 139. Dane's ordi-
nance for the government of the,
139, 329. Division of the, into
States, 140, 336. Articles of |
compact between the original
States and the people and States
of the, 334.
Oaths of office, of the President, ||
169, 298. Of Senators and
Representatives, 252, 303. Of
executive and judicial officers,
252, 253, 303. Of State officers,
252, 303. Washington on, 317.
Obligation of contracts, impairing
the, 146, 150, 154, 296. Mean-
ing of, 152.
Offences, for impeachment, 81, 83,||
88, 299. Against the law of na-
tions, 119, 294. See Crimes.
Office, tenure of, by Representa-
for the government of the terri-
tory of the United States north-
west of the Ohio, 139, 329.
Original and appellate jurisdiction
of the National Judiciary, 212,
300. Suggestions respecting it,
213-228. Of inferior tribunals,
214, 218. On the exclusion of
the one by the other, 215.
Paper money, prohibited, 146,
147, 148, 149, 296. In the
Revolution, 148 149.
Pardons, not extending to impeach-
ment, 88, 170, 172, 298. By
the President, 171, 298.
Parliament, powers and rights of,
over the Colonies, 23, 271.
Stamp Act passed by, 24. May
be prorogued by the King,92.
Parties to a suit, 186, 203, 300,
304, 305.
Party, Washington on the effects
and evils of, 312, 314.
Patents for inventions, 118, 294.
Peace of 1783, indifference of the
States as to taxation after the,
during the Confederation, 31.
Disregard of the, under the
Confederation, 250. Definitive
Treaty of, between the United
States of America and his Bri-
tannic Majesty, 324. Provis-
ional Articles of, signed at Paris,
in 1782, 324.
Penal sanctions, the Confederation
without, 30.
tives, 50,52,289 ; by Senators,
67,71,290. Disqualifications of
members of Congress respect-
ing, 94, 292. Prohibition to
hold foreign, 145, 296. Tenure
of, by the President, 159, 160,
296 ; by the Vice-President,
159, 161, 296. Appointments
to, 172-175, 299. Removal || Penn, William, 18. Versus Lord
from, 174. Tenure of, 174;
by judges, 181, 182, 300; by
judges in different States, 206.
See Appointments, Oaths, Qual-
ifications, and Vacancies.
Officers, United States', to be
commissioned by the President,
178, 299. Appointment of mili-
tary, under the Confederation,
282, 285.
Ordinance of the Continental Con-
gress, of the 13th of July, 1787, ||
Pennsylvania, Delaware a depen-
dency upon, 12. Settled, 16.
Proprietary government of, 18.
Adopts the Constitution, 35.
People, the Constitution framed by
the, 36. Elect Representatives,
50, 289. Right of the, to as-
semble, and petition for redress
of grievances, 264, 303.
Per pais, trial, 228.
Petition, right of, 264, 303. Claim-
|