or Jewelers' Liability Bill. The hall-mark affixed by the goldsmith and silver smith, and the worker in the precious metals, must designate the true weight and fineness of the metal, and the use of a spurious hall-mark is made a criminal offense.

Hall-marks were devised during the Middle Ages to keep the standard of articles made from the precious metals to the required purity. They have been in use in England for more than six hundred years. The first law making their use compulsory was in the reign of Edward I, in the year 1300 (29 Edw. I, Stat. 3, Ch. 30). Under this statute the stamp was designated as the King's mark, represented by a leopard's head or a lion's head, crowned. In 1363 a law was passed (37 Edw. III, Ch. 7) allowing the manufacturer to add his own mark to that of the king, it being known as the maker's mark. A devise was also adopted in 1438 known as the assayer's mark, indicated by a year letter, consisting of an alphabet, one letter being used for each year, counting from the day of the annual election of the Goldsmith's Company. After the entire alphabet was exhausted, different shaped letters were used to continue and preserve the chronology. A spoon with the three marks complete, indicating the year mark for 1445, may be seen in the South Kensington Museum. The spoon was given by Henry VI to Sir Ralph Pudsey.

Congress has now made the use of the hall-mark compulsory, by forbidding the importation, exportation, or carriage in interstate commerce of falsely or spuriously stamped articles of merchandise made of gold or silver, or their alloys.

In this supplement, in addition to the text of the various statutes, will be found also full notes of all decisions reported since the publication of "Snyder's Interstate Commerce Act and Federal Anti-Trust Laws," in July, 1904.

WILLIAM L. SNYDER.

TEMPLE COURT, 5 Beekman street,

NEW YORK, August, 1906.

SUPPLEMENT

TO

SNYDER'S INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT AND FEDERAL ANTI-TRUST LAWS.

CHAPTER ONE.

Text of the Interstate Commerce Act, as Amended June 29, 1906. In Effect August 28, 1906.

An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to regulate commerce," approved February fourth, eighteen hundred and eighty-seven, and all Acts amendatory thereof, and to enlarge the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section one of an Act entitled "An Act to regulate commerce," approved February fourth, eighteen hundred and eighty-seven, be amended so as to read as follows:

Sec. 1. Commerce Act Interstate Commerce Defined.* -That the provisions of this Act shall apply to any corporation or any person or persons engaged in the transportation of oil or other commodity, except water and except natural or artificial gas, by means of pipe lines, or partly by pipe

*The side headings in bold face type are inserted for convenience, and form no part of the text of the Act.

For easy reference the amended sections and new sections of the Commerce Act and Elkins Act are printed with leads between the lines, the unamended sections are printed solid, without leads, changes introduced by amendment are indicated, where practical, by italic, or a reference at end of paragraph if it consists of entirely new matter.

lines and partly by railroad, or partly by pipe lines and partly by water, who shall be considered and held to be common carriers within the meaning and purpose of this Act, and to any common carrier or carriers engaged in the transportation of passengers or property wholly by railroad (or partly by railroad and partly by water when both are used under a common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment), from one State or Territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia, to any other State or Territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia, or from one place in a Territory to another place in the same Territory, or from any place in the United States to an adjacent foreign country, or from any place in the United States through a foreign country to any other place in the United States, and also to the transportation in like manner of property shipped from any place in the United States to a foreign country and carried from such place to a port of transshipment, or shipped from a foreign country to any place in the Unted States and carried to such place from a port of entry either in the United States or an adjacent foreign country: Provided, however, That the provisions of this Act shall not apply to the transportation of passengers or property, or to the receiving, delivering, storage, or handling of property wholly within one State and not shipped to or from a foreign country from or to any State or Territory as aforesaid.

Sec. 1. Commerce Act continued Definitions Common Carrier - Railroad Transportation.-The term "common carrier" as used in this Act shall include express companies and sleeping car companies. The term "railroad," as used in this Act, shall include all bridges and ferries used or operated in connection with any railroad, and also all the road in use by any corporation operating a railroad, whether owned or operated under a contract, agreement, or lease, and shall also include all switches, spurs, tracks, and terminal facilities of every kind used or necessary in the transportation of the persons or property designated herein, and also all freight

CHARGES MUST BE REASONABLE

FREE TRANSPORTATION.

3

depots, yards, and grounds used or necessary in the transportation or delivery of any of said property; and the term "transportation" shall include cars and other vehicles and all instrumentalities and facilities of shipment or carriage, irrespective of ownership or of any contract, express or implied, for the use thereof and all services in connection with the receipt, delivery, elevation, and transfer in transit, ventilation, refrigeration or icing, storage, and handling of property transported; and it shall be the duty of every carrier subject to the provisions of this Act to provide and furnish such transportation upon reasonable request therefor, and to establish through routes and just and reasonable rates applicable thereto.

Sec. 1. Commerce Act Continued Charges must be Reasonable. All charges made for any service rendered or to be rendered in the transportation of passengers or property as aforesaid, or in connection therewith, shall be just and reasonable; and every unjust and unreasonable charge for such service or any part thereof is prohibited and declared to be unlawful.

Sec. 1. Commerce Act Continued Free Transportation, when Prohibited.*-No common carrier subject to the provisions of this Act, shall, after January first, nineteen hundred and seven, directly or indirectly, issue or give any interstate free ticket, free pass, or free transportation for passengers, except to its employees and their families, its officers, agents, surgeons, physicians, and attorneys at law; to ministers of religion, traveling secretaries of railroad Young Men's Christian Associations, inmates of hospitals and charitable and eleemosynary institutions, and persons exclusively engaged in

[1] Words "for the receiving, delivery, storage, or hauling such property" omitted.

*These provisions with regard to free passes and free transportation, introduced by the Act of June 29, 1906, are practically a re-enactment of Sec. 22 of the Commerce Act, and wherever they conflict with the provisions of Sec. 22 the provisions of the latter section are repealed. See Sec. 22, post, page 35.

charitable and eleemosynary work; to indigent, destitute and homeless persons, and to such persons when transported by charitable societies or hospitals, and the necessary agents employed in such transportation; to inmates of the National Homes or State Homes for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, and of Soldiers' and Sailors' Homes, including those about to enter and those returning home after discharge and boards of managers of such Homes; to necessary care takers of live stock, poultry, and fruit; to employees on sleeping cars, express cars, and to linemen of telegraph and telephone companies; to Railway Mail Service employees, post-office inspectors, customs inspectors and immigration inspectors; to newsboys on trains, baggage agents, witnesses attending any legal investigation in which the common carrier is interested, persons injured in wrecks and physicians and nurses attending such persons: Provided, That this provision shall not be construed to prohibit the interchange of passes for the officers, agents, and employees of common carriers, and their families; nor to prohibit any common carrier from carrying passengers free with the object of providing relief in cases of general epidemic, pestilence, or other calamitous visitation. Any common carrier violating this provision shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and for each offense, on conviction, shall pay to the United States a penalty of not less than one hundred dollars nor more than two thousand dollars, and any person, other than the persons excepted in this provision, who uses any such interstate free ticket, free pass, or free transportation, shall be subject to a like penalty. Jurisdiction of offenses under this provision shall be the same as that provided for offenses in an Act entitled "An Act to further regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the States," approved February nineteenth, nineteen hundred and three, and any amendment thereof. (New Provision added by Act of June 29, 1906.)

·Carriers not to deal

Sec. 1. Commerce Act Continued in Commodities Transported.- From and after May first,