depend upon his attitude.1 As a rule he probably held the rank of protospathar.2

Under the Papias were:

(1) διαιτάριοι, namely, οἱ διαιτάριοι τοῦ μεγάλου παλατίου (Cer. 800g), or chamberlains-in-waiting, who had the care of the various rooms (díairal) in the Palace. They served in weekly relays and were hence called ἑβδομάριοι. Their chief was ὁ δομέστικος τοῦ μεγάλου παλατίου d toû (Cer. 80010; Bieliaev, i. 159).

(2) λovoral (Phil. 7244), who seem to have had the care of the baths (see Cer. 5546-14, 55518), and to include the Baλviapírns and the πρωτεμβατάριος.

(3) кavdŋλánтai (Phil. 724) had charge of the lighting of the Palace; there were special kavònλámтaι for the Lausiakos and the Triklinos of Justinian (7245, 6).

(4) kaμŋvádes (Phil. 7245) had charge of the heating of the Palace, and seem to have been also called κaλdápiot (Cer. 80018, 8032).

(5) poλóyo (Phil. 724) attended to the clocks.3

(6) Capáßar (Phil. 724). Their duties and the meaning of the word are uncertain. Reiske (859) thinks that (apáßns is derived from the Arabic_zarrab=pulsator, and that their function was to sound a gong (onμavτρov) to announce the hours of divine service, &c. The Papias and his subordinates have been very fully discussed by Bieliaev, i. 145-63.

(6) ὁ δεύτερος τοῦ μεγάλου παλατίου.

The Deuteros was the assistant of the Papias, and took his place when he was ill, but was independent of him, and had subordinates of his own. His special province was the care of the Emperor's chairs and thrones (and probably the furniture) in the Chrysotriklinos, as well as the curtains in those apartments, and all the Imperial apparel and ornaments which were kept there. See Phil. 72411-. His subordinates were:

(1) oi ènì tôv ảλλačíμwv (Phil. 724,3), the attendants who took care of the Emperor's apparel ('changes' of dress).

(2) oi Beσtýτopes (Phil. 72414), with their primicerii, arrayed the Emperor on ceremonial occasions (cp. Cer. 9, &c., &c.).

(3) oi è̟nì tôv åğıwμárwv (Phil. 724,5), the keepers of the insignia and ceremonial dresses worn by persons who were invested with

1

Compare the part he played in the overthrow of Leo V and elevation of Michael II (Georg. Mon., ed. Bonn, 678, &c.).

? This is suggested by the context of 7841⁄4·

* Cp. Reiske, 559; Bieliaev, i. 162, n. Constantine, Teρì Taέ. 472.

dignities. These σkeúŋ tôv å¿iwμáτwv were kept in the Imperial wardrobes, some of them in the oratory of St. Theodore in the Chrysotriklinos (Cer. 640), of which the Deuteros kept the key (Cer. 623). Philotheos says (ib.) that these officials ovváyovσw tà áέióμaтa παρὰ τῶν λαμβανόντων τὰς ἀξίας, which is interpreted to mean that they collected the fees paid by the recipients of the orders or offices, but we should expect τὰς συνηθείας, not τὰ ἀξιώματα.

(4) οἱ διαιτάριοι. Phil. 724 ἐπέχει δὲ ὁ δεύτερος τὰ σελλία καὶ τοὺς διαιταρίους καὶ τὸν πριμικήριον αὐτῶν. Bieliaev (i. 180) thinks that these were distinct from the diairάpioi who were subordinate to the Papias, and this seems borne out by the words of Philotheos (72421) συνάγεσθαι δὲ τοὺς ἀμφοτέρων διαιταρίους, where Bieliaer is obviously right in explaining, of both the Papias and the Deuteros.' But I suspect that the διαιτάριοι τοῦ μεγάλου παλατίου formed one τάξις and had one primikerios or domestic, who was at the disposal of both the Papias and Deuteros,1 though some of the diaitarioi were appropriated to the duties over which the Deuteros specially presided. For these duties see further, Cer. 72.

For details see further, Bieliaev, i. 163-81.

(7) ὁ πιγκέρνης τοῦ δεσπότου, (8) ὁ πιγκέρνης τῆς Αὐγούστης. The text of Philotheos has here, in the first case, èπɩykéρvns—a form (which occurs in other texts also, see Ducange, 8.v. πɩуképvŋs) evidently πιγκέρνης) due to a false derivation from the preposition èπí.2

2

(9) ὁ παπίας τῆς Μανναύρας, (10) ὁ παπίας τῆς Δάφνης.

The Magnaura and the Daphne, though closely connected with the Great Palace, had each a Papias of its own. In the case of the Daphne this was an innovation made in the reign of Michael III, see Georg. Mon. 816, ed. Bonn; and it is possible that the Magnaura, as well as the Daphne, was originally under the charge of the Papias of the Great Palace. The Domestic (of the diairápio) of Daphne, and the diairápiot of Magnaura are mentioned, Cer. 80010, 17.

It is to be noticed that besides the diairάpioi of the Great Palace, of Magnaura, and of Daphne, there were other rágeis of diaιrápioi serving in various parts of the Palace: thus the δ. τοῦ κονσιστωρίου, δ. τοῦ ἁγίου Στεφάνου, δ. τῆς ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου, δ. τοῦ ὀστιαρικίου, δ. τοῦ στατωρικίου, δ. τῶν ιθ' ἀκουβίτων (Cer. 800).

1 In Phil. 721, the prim. is called ó πρíμ. avтoû, sc. toû devtépov.

2 The π. is mentioned in Vita Euthymii, x. 12.

I subjoin a list of officials mentioned by Philotheos, but not occurring in his lists of rágeis and σéкpeтa. Most of them have already τάξεις σέκρετα. been discussed incidentally.

ó ádμnvoιováλios, see above under C. VII. 6.

o ȧκтováρlos, see above under C. V. 1 and 2 ad fin.

å äρxwv тoû åpμaμévτov, see above under C. VII. 5 (2). ó Bápẞapos, see above under C. IV. 4 ad fin.

ó Sekσoyρápos, see above under C. III. 3.

ὁ μινσουράτωρ, 788. Cer. 2441, εἶτα λαβὼν τὸν θυμιατὸν ὁ μινσουράτωρ ἢ καὶ ὁ παπίας τοῦ παλ. τοῦ μεγάλου ; again, 2451 δ μ., if a eunuch, raises the curtain (cp. schol. ad loc.). This official must be distinguished from the military uvσovpáтwpes (who measured the ground for camps, computed road distances, &c.), frequently mentioned in tactical treatises (e.g. Leo, Tact. ix. 7). He is mentioned in Gen. 125, of Tapao Tác Tài r\akou, Phil. 758,20, 774, cp. above under C. III. 3 (is the Alakór of the Chrysotriklinos meant?).

οἱ τοποτηρηταὶ τῶν χορῶν, Phil. 73822

8 xpuσoεnτýs, see above under C. IV. 6 (4).

22.

ΑΚΡΙΒΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΩΝ ΚΛΗΤΟΡΙΩΝ ΚΑΤΑ- 702 ΣΤΑΣΕΩΣ, ΚΑΙ ΕΚΑΣΤΟΥ ΤΩΝ ΑΞΙΩΜΑΤΩΝ ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΣΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΜΗ, ΣΥΝΤΑΧΘΕΙΣΑ ΕΞ ΑΡΧΑΙΩΝ ΚΛΗΤΟΡΟΛΟΓΙΩΝ ΕΠΙ ΛΕΟΝΤΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΦΙΛΟΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΣΟΦΩΤΑΤΟΥ ΗΜΩΝ 5 ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, ΜΗΝΙ ΣΕΠΤΕΜΒΡΙΟΙ, ΙΝΔΙΚΤ. Γ ́, ΕΤΟΥΣ ΑΠΟ ΚΤΙΣΕΩΣ ΚΟΣΜΟΥ SYH', ΥΠΟ ΦΙΛΟΘΕΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΥ ΠΡΩΤΟΣΠΑΘΑΡΙΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΑΤΡΙΚΛΙΝΟΥ.

Επειδήπερ ἡμᾶς προετρέψασθε, ὦ φίλων ἄριστοι, εἰς τὰ τῶν ἀρχαίων ἐπικύμψαι συγγράμματα, κἀκεῖθεν τὸν προκείμενον νοῦν τῆς τῶν ἀξιω το μάτων τάξεως σαφῆ τῷ λόγῳ ἀκριβῶς παραστήσασθαι, φέρε δὴ τῷ περὶ ὑμᾶς ἑλκόμενοι πόθῳ, καθ' ὅσον ἐφικτόν, τὰ ἐφετὰ τῆς ὑμετέρας ἀγάπης σχετικῶς ἐκπληρώσωμεν. πολλῶν γὰρ ὄντων καὶ μεγάλων τῶν παρὰ τοῖς ἀρχαίοις καταλειφθέντων ἀξιωμάτων, πολλή τε καὶ μεγάλη και δύσληπτος ἡ περὶ αὐτῶν ὑπάρχει σαφήνεια. καὶ γὰρ αἱ πολλαὶ τῶν τκ ἀξιωμάτων ἀμαυρωθεῖσαι τῷ χρόνῳ προσκλήσεις, ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ μετ ̓ ἐκείνας ἐφευρεθεῖσαι ἀξιωμάτων διαφοραὶ σύγχυσίν τινα παρεισάγουσιν τῆς ἀκριβοῦς αὐτῶν καταλήψεως. καὶ ἐπειδὴ τὴν ἡμετέραν ἀμάθειαν 703 τῆς ἀκριβοῦς τούτων καταλήψεως τὴν συγγραφὴν ἐξῃτήσασθε, ὅσον τῷ νῷ ἀμυδρῶς ἐκ τῶν πρώην ἐγκειμένων καὶ νῦν πραττομένων περιλαβεῖν 20 ἠδυνήθημεν, τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ φιλίᾳ περιφανῶς ἐκτιθέμεθα. εἰδέναι γὰρ ὑμᾶς βουλόμεθα, ὦ φίλοι, ὅτι πᾶσα μὲν τεχνῶν ἐπιστήμη πρός τι εύχρηστον τέλος τῶν ἐν τῷ βίῳ συνέστηκεν. ἡ δὲ τῶν ἀρτικλινῶν ἐπιστήμη ἐν οὐδενὶ ἄλλῳ τὸ εὔχρηστον δείκνυσιν, ἀλλ ̓ ἢ ἐν τῷ τάξει καὶ συστάσει καὶ ἀκριβεῖ διαθέσει τὰς τῶν ἀξιωμάτων διαφορὰς διαστέλλειν. καὶ γὰρ πᾶσα 25 περιφάνεια βίου ἢ ἔνδοξος ἀξιωμάτων ἀξία ἐν οὐδενὶ ἄλλῳ τοῖς ὁρῶσιν ἐνδείκνυται, ἀλλ ̓ ἢ ἐν τῇ κλήσει τῆς προκαθεδρίας τῆς ἐν τῇ λαμπρᾷ τραπέζῃ καὶ περιποθήτῳ συνεστιάσει τῶν σοφωτάτων ἡμῶν βασιλέων. εἰ δέ τις ἐκ τῆς ἡμῶν ἀπροσεξίας ἐπισφαλὴς προσγένηται σύγχυσις τοῖς βασιλικοῖς κλητωρίοις, οὐ μόνον τὰς τῶν βασιλικῶν ἀξιωμάτων ἀρετὰς 30 καταριπτεῖ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς καταγελάστους καὶ ἀχρείους τῆς διακονίας παρίστησιν. διὸ οὖν, ἀγαπητοί, δεῖ ἡμᾶς ἐν τῇ τοιαύτῃ λαχόντας διακονίας προσοχῇ μελέτης καὶ ἐπιστήμης τὰς τῶν ἀξιωμάτων κυριοκλησίας ἐν τῷ οἰκείῳ νων περιγράφειν, καὶ εἶθ' οὕτως τὰς αὐτῶν διαιρέσεις καὶ ὑποδιαιρέσεις καὶ ἀκριβεῖς συστάσεις ἐκφωνεῖν καὶ ἐκτίθεσθαι. ἀλλ ̓ 704 His compendiis usus sum: L = Lipsiensis, H = Hierosolymitanus, B = Bekkeri ed. (Bonnensis), R = Reiskius. 702 Ι ΚΛΗΤΩΡΙΩΝ Β 3 ΚΛΗΤΩΡΟΛΟΓΙΩΝ Β 6 ΚΤΗΣΕΩΣ LB : correxi 8 προετρέψασθαι L τὰς LB 16 παρησάγουσιν L 703 22 συνέστηκεν L 23 άλλο L 24 διαστέλει L