ing investment in Consols, 113; co-operation applied to investment, 115; policy to Spain respecting the Cuban slave-trade, 405; difficulties of travel in the last century, 488 England, Church of. See Church of England

Conquest of. See Norman

Conquest

convict system in. See Convict System

law of, uniformity of administration in early times, cxiv. 457; fixity of jurisdiction, 458; authority of the legislature and the courts unquestioned, 459; line drawn between theory and authority, ib.

Mining districts of. See Black Country English Coinage. See Coinage, International, and Gold

history, continuity of, from Edward I., cxii. 151; periods of apparent retrogression, 156 English language, its distinctive character, cxv. 80

question of good English' one of fact, cxx. 40; absence of classical standards in the colonies, 42; limits to the authority of usage, ib.; erroneous ideas of ambiguity, 44; dangers from literature as a profession, 45; tricks of style copied, ib.; Latinised words and foreign phrases, 46; use of present tense applied to past events, ib.; the new paulo-antefuturum tense, ib.; forced smartness of small humourists, 47; the 'Parenthetico-Allusive' style, 48; the Tally-ho or Nimrodian style, ib; the Anglo-Gallic family of conceits, 49; editorialism, 51; the abuse of 'we,' 52; dangers of colonial corruptions, 53; perversions of, through ignorance, ib.; egotism in modern prefaces, 54;

the romantic style of recent historians, 55; importance of simplicity, 57 English language, richness of, in the Elizabethan era, cxxx. 90

its periods of reparation and decay, cxl. 162; prolific vitality of, in the present century, 163; fresh additions to the vernacular speech, b., 164; functions of criticism relating thereto, ib.; test of utility applied to new words, 165; Mr. Hall's theories, ib.; obligations of, to Northern languages, 247; Northern words in, 248

dictionaries of. See Dictionaries, English English literature, want of native historians of, cxxi. 289; theory of pagan and Christian revivals (see Tuine, H.) changes at the Restoration, 313; classical age of, 314; period of the modern age, 321; the romantic schools of poets, 322

recent revival of old works, CXXV. 224. See English Texts, Early

Mr. Arnold's strictures on, cxxix.493; compared with French, 498

social aspect of, in the reign of Anne, cxxxii. 541; relations of wits with the great, ib.; periodical essayists, 544; modern pace of composition compared, 545; temptations to overwork, 546

96

list of humourists in, cxxxvii.

beauty of minor verse in the Elizabethan period, cxl. 358; early love-lyrics, 360 English Texts, Early, list of publi

cations, cxxv. 219; proposed reedition of Percy's 'Reliques,' 221; past contempt of homely English," 223; foreign study of, 231; literary book clubs, 232; the Early

English Text Society, 234; groups
of its publications, 236; lives of
Saints, ib.; Mr. Cockayne's at-
tempts to revive obsolete letters,
237; King Horn and Havelok,
239;
6
the Assumption of our
Lady,' 240; Mr. Morris' Early
English song, ib.; his alliterative
poems, 241; West Midland and
Northern dialects, 243; dictiona-
ries, ib.; Vision of Piers Plow-
man, 244; future publications, ib.,
245; Political, Religious and
Love Poems' of the 15th century,
246; the 'Stacyons of Rome,' ib.;
Arthurian romances, ib., 247;
Merlin and Lancelot of the Laik,
248; the Wright's Chaste Wife,'
251; poems of Lauder and Lind-
say, ib.; promised completion of
Semi-Saxon period, 252
English, their want of organisation,
cxiii. 283; De Tocqueville on the
national mind, 445

M. Taine's views of their
character, cxxi. 295 and note; his
theory of climatic influence, 306;
moral revolution in the last cen-
tury, 315

their tenacity to custom in
politics, cxxiii. 281

American views of their ad-
diction to caste, cxxix. 480; their
native enterprise retained in the
colonies, 481; their genius for as-
sociation, 483

tenacity of their national
life under the Normans, cxxx.
187; their early love of free
speech, 216

their instinctive love of
country pursuits and sport, cxxxiv.
391.

world-wide extension of the
race, cxxxviii. 67; their hospitality
abroad, ib.; their disinclination to
save money, 94; their habits of
foreign travel, 483; their cha-
racter by Chamberlayne, 492

Enoch, Book of, cxl. 499
Epicurus (B.c. 344-271), his system
illustrated by the Herculanean
papyri, cxvi. 331; singular fate of
his writings, 334; his ideal of
pleasure misrepresented, 335; his
low standard of ethics, 339
Epigrams, Greek and modern, com-
pared, cxl. 356

Epitaphs, adjurations for the dead
found on Jewish, cxx. 245, 246.
See Christian Inscriptions
Equity, progressive influence of, on
law, cxiv. 475

Roman use of the term
Equitas, cxviii. 460; Mr. Austin
on the modern misuse of the word,
ib. note.
Erckmann-Chatrain (MM.), novels
of, cxxiii. 225; double authorship,
227; their first work, 228 and
note;
their personal knowledge of
scenes portrayed, 229; Lorraine
their birthplace, ib., 230; their
love of the marvellous, 231;
stories of village life, ib.; Le fou
Yégof,' 232; 'Madame Thérèse,'
233; taints of chauvinisme, 234;
Joseph Bertha in 'Le Conscrit,'
235; its sequel Waterloo,' 243;
'L'homme du Peuple,' 245; its
wearisome politics, 247
Erdmann (Dr.), on the presence
of blood-stains on food, CXXV.
407

Ermin Street, the Roman road de-
scribed, cxi. 367

Erskine (Thomas, Lord, 1750-1823),
his early studies as a barrister's
pupil, cxxxiv. 498

Ertmann (General), Mendelssohn's
sketch of, cxv. 143

'Escott v. Martin,' validity of sacra-
ments involved in the appeal of,
cxxi. 172
Escurial, the, Gothic character of,
cxviii. 90

its architectural features,
cxxii. 162

Esmonde (Dr.), his treachery and
execution, cxxxix. 499, 500
Espagnac (John Baptist, Baron d',
d. 1783), his account of the battle
of Fontenoy, cxx. 530
Espes (Don Guerau de), Spanish
ambassador to England in 1568,
exxiv. 492; his character by
Froude, ib.; intrigues with the
Earl of Northumberland, 494;
plans a Catholic insurrection,
498; his plot against Elizabeth,
504; dismissed the realm, ib.
Esquimault

Harbour (Vancouver
Island), its advantages as a naval
station, cxix. 454
Esquimaux, their supposed preada-
mitic origin, cxvi. 155

compared with prehistoric
cave-dwellers, cxxxii. 459, 466
'Essays and Reviews,' origin of,
exiii. 463; its nicknames, 465;
outburst of theological polemics,
466; classes of panic-mongers,
467; dignified attitude of the Uni-
versities, 468; the anonymous
Episcopal letter, 469; censured by
Convocation, 471; blunder of joint
compilation, 472; defects of purely
negative criticism, ib.; should have
been written in Latin, 473; quali-
fications of the contributors, 475;
general questions involved, 479;
absence of novelty in contents, ib.;
theories of biblical inspiration, 483;
influence of human agencies, 484;
external and internal evidence of
inspiration, 485; elements of
pro-
phecy, 488; right of speech com-
patible with Church formularies,
489; future prospects of the
Church, 497

Dr. Lushington's judgment
in the Court of Arches, cxx. 270;
judgment in the Privy Council,
271, 272; legal position of the
Broad Church Party established
thereby, 272; issues on the ques-
tion of Inspiration, 273; charges

as to eternal punishment and Jus-
tification by Faith, 274; Declara-
tion of the Oxford Committee
against the judgment, 277; nature
of signatures to the Declaration,
279; questionable action of Con-
vocation, 280; indiscreet Pastorals
of the two Archbishops, 282,
287

Essenes, the, origin and character of,
cxxiv. 12; possibly termed Saba-
ans by the Arabs, 13

ancient Jewish sect of,
cxxxviii. 46; their points in com-
mon with the Christians, ib. note
Essex (Robert Devereux, Earl of,
1567-1601), his relations with
Lord Bacon, cxiii. 315; his trial,
320

his pitiless repression of the
Irish, cxxxi. 13
Essex (Robert, Earl of), son of the
preceding (1592-1646), his funeral
in Westminster Abbey, cxxix.
183

Esthonia. See Baltic Provinces
Eternal punishment, charges of he-

resy respecting, against Mr. Wil-
son, cxx. 274; considered as a doc-
trine of the Church of England,
292, 296; denial of, by Origen,
300; freedom of thought in the
early Church respecting, ib.
Eternity, the term described, cxxxiii.
148

Etherege (Sir George, b. about 1636)
bequeaths his library to St.
James' monastery at Ratisbon,
cxix. 181

Ethics, Mr. Austin's definition of,
cxiv. 462

Ethiopians, ancient connexion of,
with the Yemenites of Arabia,
cxxiv. 4

probable early settlement of,
in Arabia, cxxxv. 97
Ethnology, value of local nomencla-
ture in, cxi. 356; popular belief in
autochthony, ib.

Ethnology, its relation to language,

cxv. 92

its effects on the develop-
ment of proportion in Art, cxl.
180
Eton College, insufficient staff of
masters, cxiii. 388; early history
defective, 391; design of its found-
ation, 392; parliamentary inquiry
of 1818 on revenues of, 393; fines
on renewal of leases, 394; stipend
of head-masters, 395; illegality of
capitation charges, 396; privations
of collegers, 399 ; careful prepara-
tion of statutes, 402; disregard
of statutes by governing body,
403; improvement in condition
of colleges by residence of assist-
ant master, 407; disproportion of
dietary to college revenues, 408;
abuse of private tuition among
oppidans, 412; reforms hindered
by vested interests, 415; import-
ance of publishing accounts of
revenue and expenses, ib.; respon-
sibility of governing body, 416;
defective training of masters, 417;
system of education defective, 419;
extravagant habits of living, 420;
periodical visitations necessary,
424; advantages of Public School
Commission, 426

evil system of leases with
fines at, cxx. 148; recommenda-
tions of the Public School Com-
mission, 149; mathematical teach-
ing at, 171; neglect of modern
languages, 172; Mr. Balston's evi-
dence, 173; staff of masters still
inadequate, 181; incomes of house-
masters compared with those at
Rugby, ib.; excessive number of
scholars at, 182; causes of its pop-
ularity, ib.; frequency of flogging,
183; reform of governing body
needed, 188; evil of restricting
masterships to King's College, ib.
Etruria, its share in early Roman
history, cxv. 450

Etruria, ancient bronze-working in,
cxxxii. 475

Etruscan antiquities, study of, re-
vived by Dempster, cxx. 329

gems, cxxiv. 539
Etymology, treatment of, by com-

parative mythologists, cxxxii. 350
Eucharist, question of Christ's Pre-
sence in, cxxxvi. 271; material
interpretations of the ordinance,
b. 274; figurative language of the
Gospel, ib.; physical limitation of,
traced back to early Christianity,
276, 278; popular belief of the
Roman Church, 280 (see Transub-
stantiation); once administered to
infants, 282; the Bohemian Utra-
quists, 284; the Sarum Manual on
spiritual reception, 285; the ques-
tion at the Reformation, ib.;
'Consubstantiation' introduced,
ib.; Luther and Zwingli, ib. 286;
conflict of material and spiritual
views in England, 287; Cranmer
and Ridley, ib.; tenacity of the
Lutheran doctrine, 288; language
of the Articles, ib. ; Catechism and
Prayer-book Service, 289; Oxford
movement of 1834, 290; recent
exponents of the material view,
ib. See Bennett, Rev. Mr.
Eudes (Father), his devotion of the
Sacred Heart, cxxxix. 254
Eudoxus of Cnidus (406-350 B.C.),
his astronomical hypothesis, cxvi.

93

Eugenius IV. (Pope, d. 1447), his

services to literature, cxxxvi. 124,
125; his removal to Florence, ib.
Eugene (Francis, Prince of Savoy,

1663-1736), his personal appear-
ance, cxvi. 506; serves against the
Turks, 507; instance of his reck-
less bravery, ib.; his victory at
Zenta, 508; campaign against the
French in Italy, 510; defeats
Villeroi at Chiari, 512; attempts
to surprise Cremona, ib.; his cor-
dial relations with Marlborough,

515; defeats the French before
Turin, 518; rejoins Marlborough
at the Hague, 522; invests and
captures Lille, 526; failure of his
mission to England, 537; his ne-
gotiations with Villars, 540; re-
news hostilities with the Turks,
541; his victory at Belgrade, ib.;
his relations with the Court of
Vienna, 542; his high character as
a politician, ib.; his intimacy with
Rousseau, 544; nicknamed 'the
little Capuchin' by his troops,
515; his peaceful death, ib.; his
art collections dispersed, 546; his
rank in military history, 547
Euripides, Mr. Browning's version
of his 'Alcestis,' cxxxv. 221,

249

Europe, geographical knowledge re-
specting, cxii. 312

international intercourse in,
during the Middle Ages, cxviii.
240; establishment of permanent
embassies in, 250

diminished respect for treat-
ies in, cxxiv. 276; disturbed state
of, in 1866, ib.; want of union be-
fore the Congress of Vienna, 277,
278; present state of disunion,
279; importance of weak but in-
dependent nationalities, 286; dis-
turbing effects of the Austro-
Prussian War, 293

changes in, effected by the
war of 1870, cxxxii. 555 ; growing
evils of standing armies, 584; pro-
spects of coercive military service,
585; increasing moral influence of
public opinion, 593

percentage of recruits to the
population in various countries of,
cxxxiii. 220 note; present disregard
of treaty-obligations in, 283, 284;
retrograde system of policy pro-
voked by Prussian ascendency,
476
European Magazine, the, account in,

of Mrs. Piozzi's marriage, cxiii. 521

Eusebius (Pamphilus, Bishop of
Cæsarea, about 270-338), his testi-
mony respecting the Holy Sepul-
chre, cxii. 427

Eustace of Bologne, perplexing epi-
sode of, cxxx. 213

Eustace (Sir Maurice), his Irish
Chancellorship at the Restoration,
cxxxiv. 55, 56

Eutropius (4th century), modern re-
storation of his text, cxxxvii. 92
Euxine. See Black Sea
Evangelical party in the Church of
England; their legal position
established by the Gorham judg-
ment, cxx. 272

recent stir in, for reform,
cxxxiii. 417

Evelyn (John, 1620-1706), scheme
of an Academy of Art in his
'Sculptura,' cxviii. 486, 487

on the loss of his letters of
the Queen of Scots, cxxiv. 344
Evidence, law of, evils of excluding
witnesses interested in the trial,
cxi. 197; Lord Brougham's pro-
posed change, 199

Evil, insoluble problem of the ex-
istence of, cxxx. 538
Evolution, doctrine of, applied to
geology, cxxxi. 46, 47; the theory
advocated by Mr. Huxley, 49

applied to man, cxxxiv. 199.
See Darwin, Charles

salutary effects of, in some re-
spects, on natural science, cxxxvii.
493, 495; pseudo-scientific sects
of Darwinian evolutionists, 502,
507

Ewald, on the authorship of the
Apocalypse, cxl. 489

Eylau, battle of (1807), cxxvii.

235

Eyre (Sir Vincent), his heroism
during the Indian mutiny, exxxiii.
97; knighthood of the Bath re-
fused him, 107 note

(E. J.), conducts the Northern
Exploring Expedition in Australia,