upon the batteries of the enemy, suffering very heavy losses, and holding their position at nightfall with the other troops on the right of our lines. The highest commendation is bestowed upon them by all the officers in command on the right.

Whatever doubt may have existed heretofore as to the efficiency of organizations of this caaracter, the history of this day proves conclusively to those who were in condition to observe the conduct of these regiments, that the Government will find in this class of troops efficient supporters and defenders. The severe test to which they were subjected, and the determined manner in which they encountered the enemy, leave upon my mind no doubt of their ultimate success. They require only good officers, commands of limited numbers, and careful discipline to make them excellent soldiers.

The following testimony to their general good conduct, both in and off the field, was contributed by Gen. Hunter, while commanding the Department of the South.

HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE SOUTH, HILTON HEAD, PORT ROYAL, S. C., May 4th, 1863. To his Excellency the Governor of Massachusetts:

I am happy to be able to announce to you my complete and eminent satisfaction with the results of the organization of negro regiments in this Department. In the field, so far as tried, they have proved brave, active, enduring, and energetic, frequently outrunning, by their zeal and familiarity with the Southern country, the restrictions deemed prudent by certain of their officers. They have never disgraced their uniform by pillage or cruelty, but have so conducted themselves, upon the whole, that even our enemies, though more anxious to find fault with these than with any other portion of our troops, have not yet been able to allege against them a single violation of any of the rules of civilized warfare.

These regiments are hardy, generous, temperate, patient, strictly obedient, possessing great natural aptitude for arms, and deeply imbued with that religious sentiment-call it fanaticism, such as like which made the soldiers of Cromwell invincible. They believe that now is the time appointed by God for their deliverance; and under the heroic incitement of this faith, I believe them capable of showing a courage and persistency of purpose which must in the end extort both victory and admiration.

In this connection, I am also happy to announce to you that the prejudices of certain of our white soldiers and officers against these indispensable allies are rapidly softening or fading out; and that we have now open ing before us in this Department, which was the first in the present war to inaugurate the experiment of employing colored troops, large opportunities of putting them to distinguished and profitable use.

The important subject of the treatment of colored soldiers whom the fortunes of war have thrown into the hands of the enemy, will be treated under the head of PRISONERS; also see FREEDMEN.

An important element of usefulness was introduced into the army during the year by the organization, under the direction of the provostmarshal-general, of the invalid corps. Its objects were: 1. To give honorable employment, with suitable compensation, in garrison, hospital, or provost duty, to that numerous class of deserving officers and men who, from wounds received in action, or disease contracted in service, were unfit for further duty in the field; and to bring back, for like purposes, those who had been previously discharged on similar grounds, and were still unfit for active duty and not liable to draft; and, 2. To in

crease the strength of the armies in the field by relieving able-bodied soldiers now employed in the duties about to be assigned to this new organization. The corps, on November 1st, consisted of 491 commissioned officers, and 17,762 enlisted men, organized as infantry and comprising 203 companies, of which 160 had been formed into 16 regiments. Each regiment contains 6 companies of the 1st battalion, and 4 companies of the 2d battalion, the former only being armed with muskets, and assigned to garrison duty, while the latter are armed with swords and pistols, and are on duty as guards, cooks, nurses, etc. The report of the Secre tary of War, presented a month later, estimated the whole number of men in the corps at 22,000. At the close of the year it was in the full performance of the duties for which it was organized, and had rendered efficient service in arresting deserters, beside releasing for active duty a corresponding number of ablebodied men. The officers were selected on the recommendation of the military superiors under whom they had experience in the field, and were assigned to duty without regard to the States from which they were appointed. A similar plan was adopted in assigning the men to companies.

In connection with this subject it may be stated that during the year two boards have been in session-one at Annapolis and the other at Cincinnati-before one of which all officers who have left their commands in consequence of ill health are ordered to appear as soon as they are able to travel. They undergo an examination by the board, and are recommended, according to their condition, for light duty, for further leave of absence, or for medical treatment in a general hospital of the city where the board is in session. But if found fit for duty, the president of the board orders them forthwith to their regiments. The reports of the board are a guide to the adjutantgeneral in making details for mustering, recruiting, or other light duty, and in recommendations for leave of absence or discharge where the nature of the disability requires. The reports of the boards, taken in connection wiregimental reports of absent officers, and the surgeons' certificates from such officers, form a complete system of accountability for absence from duty.

During the 2d session of the 37th Congress, a bill was introduced for the organization of a special ambulance corps, the duties pertaining to which had previously been performed by officers and men detailed from other branches of the service, and not by men enlisted for the purpose. On Feb. 24th, the Senate Military Committee, to whom the matter had been referred, after consultation with army officers and medical directors from all parts of the country, with members of the sanitary commission, and with other competent persons, reported that it was inexpedient to make any change in the system then in operation, which

employed 4,000 ambulances, 10,000 horses, and 10,000 picked men, and had attained a state of great efficiency. In view of the speedy opening of the spring campaign, and the probability of battles being fought, the project to entirely reorganize this department, and to substitute raw recruits for the practised men then attached to it, was deemed too hazardous an experiment, and no further action was taken in the matter. The various corps at present in existence have been organized in compliance with general orders from generals commanding the several departments, and form essentially one system.

A signal corps was organized under an act of the 37th Congress, of which the average number of officers on duty has been about 200. The Secretary of War observes that the full capacity of this branch of the service has not been developed, and different opinions as to its value seem to be entertained by the commanding officers. In combined land and naval operations it has been considered useful, and commanding officers of Western armies have commended it with favor. The continuance of the corps was recommended by the War Department, with proper restrictions upon number of officers, and limiting them to their proper scope of duties.

During the year, 1,755 miles of land and submarine telegraph were constructed under the direction of the military telegraph corps, making the total number of miles of land and submarine military telegraph lines in operation during the year five thousand three hundred and twenty-six. At least 1,200,000 telegrams were sent and received over the military lines in operation during the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1863-being at the rate of about 3,000 per diem. These messages varied in length from ten to one thousand words and upward, and generally were of urgent or important character.

The number of Revolutionary soldiers borne upon the pension rolls had dwindled down to eighteen on the 30th of June, 1863, of whom only ten had made application for their stipends on the 4th of March. The number of widows of Revolutionary soldiers on the rolls at the same period, was 1,578. The whole number of army invalid pensioners on the rolls the 30th of June was 7,248, most of whom were pensioned on account of wounds received or disease contracted in the service during the present war. The widows, orphans, and dependent mothers of 3,573 deceased soldiers of the present war were inscribed upon the rolls during the fiscal year, making the whole number of this class on the rolls at the close of the year, 4,820. The number of army pensioners of all classes, on the rolls on the 30th June was 13,659, drawing pay to the amount of $1,227,641 per annum.

The expenditures during the fiscal year ending June 30th, for arms and munitions of war, furnished by the Ordnance Department for sea coast and frontier fortifications, and for the

forces in the field, amounted to $42,313,630. The cannon, small arms, accoutrements, and equipments for men and horses, and ammunition obtained during the same period by purchase and manufacture, were as follows:

1,577 field, siege, and sea-coast cannon, with carriages, caissons, and other implements. 1,082,841 muskets and rifles for foot soldiers. 282,389 carbines and pistols for mounted troops. 1,251,995 cannon balls and shells. 48,719,862 pounds of lead and lead bullets. 1,435,046 cartridges for artillery. 259,022,216 cartridges for small arms. 847,273,400 percussion caps.

3,925,369 friction primers. 5,764,768 pounds of gunpowder.

919,676 sets of accoutrements for men.

94,639 sets of equipments for cavalry horses. 8,281 sets of artillery harness, each set for two

horses.

MAJOR-GENERAL&
1861.

John A. Dix,
Nathaniel P. Banks,
Benjamin F. Butler,*
David Hunter,

1862.

Ethan A. Hitchcock,
Ulysses S. Grant,
Irvin McDowell,"
Ambrose E. Burnside,
William S. Rosecrans,
Don Carlos Buell,
John Pope,
Samuel R. Curtis,
Franz Sigel,
John A. McClernand,
Lewis Wallace,
George H. Thomas,
George Cadwalader,
William T. Sherman,
Edward O. C. Ord,
Sam. P. Heintzelman,
Erasmus D. Keyes,
Joseph Hooker,
Silas Casey,
William B. Franklin,
Darius N. Couch,
Henry W. Slocum,
John J. Peck,
John Sedgwick,
Alex. McD. McCook,

Thom. L. Crittenden,
John G. Foster,
John G. Parke,
Christopher C. Augur,
Stephen A. Hurlbut,
Gordon Granger,
Charles S. Hamilton,
Lovell H. Rousseau,
James B. McPherson,
Benjamin M. Prentiss,*
George Stoneman,
George G. Meade,
Oliver O. Howard,
Daniel E. Sickles,
Robert H. Milroy,
Daniel Butterfield,
Winfield S. Hancock,
George Sykes,
William H. French,
David S. Stanley,
James S. Negley,
John M. Paliner,
Frederick Steele,
Abner Doubleday,
Napoleon J. T. Dana,
Richard J. Oglesby,*
John A. Logan,

James G. Blunt,

16 May. N. H. N. Y. 16 May. Mass. Mass. 16 May. N. H. Mass. 13 Aug. D. C. I.

Mo.

10 Feb. Vt. 16 Feb. Ohio. Ill. 14 Mar. Ohio, Ohio. 18 Mar. Ind. R. I. 21 Mar. Ohio, Ohio. 21 Mar. Ohio. Ind. 21 Mar. Ky. Ill. 21 Mar. N. Y. lows. 21 Mar. Germ. Mo. 21 Mar Ky. 11. 21 Mar. Ind. Ind. 25 Apr. Va. Va. 25 Apr. Pa. Pa. 1 May. Ohio. Ohio. 2 May. Md. D. C. 5 May. Pa. Pa.

5 May. Mass. Me. 5 May. Mass. Cal. 31 May. R. I. 4 July. Pa.

4 July. N. Y.

4 July. N. Y.

R.I. Pa. Mass. N. Y.

4 July. N. Y.

N. Y. Conn.

4 July. Conn.

Mich. I. N. Y. Wis. Ky.

17 July. Ohio. Ohio. 17 July. Ky. Ky. 18 July. N. H. N. H. 18 July. Pa Pa. 9 Aug. N. Y. 17 Sept. S. C. 17 Sept. N. Y. 19 Sept. N. Y. 8 Oct. Ky. 8 Oct. Ohio. Ohio. 29 Nov. Va. Ill. 29 Nov. N. Y. N. Y. 23 Nov. Spain. D. C. 29 Nov. Me. Me. 29 Nov. N. Y. N. Y. 29 Nov. Ind. Ind. 29 Nov. N. Y. N. Y. 29 Nov. Pa. Pa 29 Nov. Md. 29 Nov. Md. 29 Nov. Ohio, 29 Nov. Pa.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS.

1861.

Andrew Porter,*

. Charles P. Stone,

Thomas W. Sherman,
Wm. R. Montgomery,
Rufus King,
John D. Cox,
Benjamin F. Kelley,
A. S. Williams,*
James B. Ricketts,
Orlando B. Wilcox,

17 May. Pa. Pa. 17 May. Mass. D. C. 17 May, R. I. R. L. 17 May. N. J. N. J. 17 May. N. Y. Wis. 17 May. Cana. Ohio. 17 May. N. H. Va. 17 May. Conn. Mich. 21 July. N. Y. N. Y. 21 July. Mich. Mich.

BRIG.-GENERALS-continued.

1861.

Henry H. Lockwood, Jas. S. Wadsworth, George W. Morell, John H. Martindale, Samuel D. Sturgis, Henry W. Benham, William F. Smith, Egbert L. Viele, William F. Barry, John J. Abercrombie, Lawrence P. Graham, Eleazer Paine, Willis A. Gorman, Horatio G. Wright, W. T. Ward,* John G. Barnard, Innis N. Palmer, Seth Williams, George Wright, Wm. T. H. Brooks, John M. Brannan, John P. Hatch, William K. Strong, Albin Schoepf,* Thomas J. Wood, Richard W. Johnson, A. Von Steinwehr," George W. Cullum, Jeremiah T. Boyle, George W. Morgan, John M. Schofield, Thomas J. McKean, Zealous B. Tower, Jefferson C. Davis,

1862.

Lewis G. Arnold, William S. Ketchum, John W. Davidson, David D. Birney, Thomas F. Meagher, Henry M. Naglee, Andrew Johnson, James G. Spears, Eugene A. Carr, Thomas A. Davies, Daniel Tyler, William H. Emory, Andrew J. Smith, Marsens R. Patrick, Orris S. Ferry, Daniel P. Woodbury, Henry M. Judah, John Cook, John McArthur, Jacob G. Lauman, Horatio P. Van Cleve, Speed S. Fry,* Alexander Asboth, James Craig,* Mahlon D. Manson, Edward R. S. Canby, Grenville M. Dodge, Robert B. Mitchell, Cuvier Grover, Rufus Saxton, Benjamin Alvord, Napoleon B. Buford, William S. Smith, Nathan Kimball, Charles Devens, James H. Van Alen, Samuel W. Crawford, Henry W. Wessels, Milo S. Hascall, Leonard F. Ross, John W. Geary, Alfred H. Terry, And'w A. Humphreys, James H. Carleton, Absalom Baird, John C. Robinson, Truman Seymour, Quincy A. Gillmore,

7 Sept. Ky. Minn. 14 Sept. Conn. Conn. 18 Sept. Ky. Ky. 23 Sept. Mass. Mass. 23 Sept. N. Y. N. Y. 23 Sept. Me. Me. 98 Sept. Vt. Vt. 23 Sept. Ohio. Ohio. 28 Sept. D. C. Ind. 98 Sept. N. Y. N. Y. 28 Sept. N. Y. N. Y. 30 Sept. Hung. Md. 11 Oct. Ky. Ky. 11 Oct. Ky. Ky. 12 Oct. Germ. N. Y. 1 Nov. N. Y. Pa. 9 Nov. Ky. Ky. 12 Nov. Pa. Ohio. 21 Nov. N. Y. III. 21 Nov. Pa. Iowa, 23 Nov. Mass. Mass. 18 Dec. Ind. Ind.

Thom. D. Crittenden,

Max Weber,*

Jeremiah C. Sullivan,

Alvin P. Hovey," James C. Veatch, William P. Benton, John C. Caldwell, Neal Dow,* George S. Greene, Samuel P. Carter, John Gibbon, Erastus B. Tyler, Charles Griffin, George H. Gordon, James M. Tuttle, Julius White, Peter J. Osterhaus, Steph. G. Burbridge, Wash. L. Elliott,* Albion P. Howe, Benjamin S. Roberts, Alfred Pleasanton, Jacob Ammen, Fitz-Henry Warren, Morgan L. Smith," Charles Cruft,* Frederick Salomon," John B. Turchin, Henry S. Briggs,* James D. Morgan,* August Willich, Henry D. Terry, James Steedman,* George F. Shepley, John R. Kenley, John P. Slough, Godfrey Weitzel, George Crook, Joseph B. Carr, Thomas L. Kane, Gershom Mott, Calvin E. Pratt,* Henry J. Hunt, Francia C. Barlow, Mason Brayman,* N. J. Jackson," George W. Getty, Alfred Sully, Gouv. K. Warren, William W. Averell, Alexander Hays, Henry H. Sibley, Francis B. Spinola, John H. H. Ward, Solomon Meredith, James Bowen,* Eliakim P. Scammon, Robert S. Granger, Joseph R. West, Alfred W. Ellet,* George L. Andrews, Clinton B. Fisk,* Hen. B. Carrington, William Hays, John H. King, Israel Vogdes, Adam J. Slemmer, David A. Russell, Lewis C. Hunt, Thomas H. Neill, Thomas G. Pitcher, Thomas W. Sweeney, Frank Wheaton,* William P. Carlin, John S. Mason, Romeyn B. Ayres, Richard Arnold, David McM. Gregg, William B. Hazen, Robert O. Tyler, James St. C. Morton, Joseph A. Mower,* Alfred T. A. Torbert,

28 Apr. Me.

Me.

28 Apr. Ala.

Ind.

28 Apr.

N. Y.

28 Apr.

28 Apr. Ind.

Ind.

.

Me. D. C.

Pa

N. Y. N. Y.

92 Aug. Md. Md. 25 Aug. Ohio. C. T. 29 Aug. Ohio, Ohio. 7 Sept. Ohio, Ohio. 7 Sept. N. Y. N. Y. 7 Sept. Pa. Pa. 7 Sept. N. J. N. J. 13 Sept. Mass. N. Y. 15 Sept. Ohio. Ohio, 19 Sept. N. Y. N. Y. 24 Sept. N. Y. 24 Sept. Mass. 25 Sept. D. C. 26 Sept. Pa. 26 Sept. N. Y. 26 Sept. N. Y. 29 Sept. Pa Pa. 29 Sept. Mich. Minn. 1 Oct. N. Y. N. Y. 4 Oct. N. Y. N. Y. 6 Oct N. C. Ind. 11 Oct. N. Y. N. Y. 15 Oct. Me. Ohio. 20 Oct. Ohio. Ohio. 25 Oct. La. Cal. 1 Nov. Pa. III. 10 Nov. Mass. Mass. 24 Nov. N. Y. Mo.

29 Nov. Conn. Ohio.

29 Nov. Va, Tenn. 29 Nov. N. Y. Mich. 29 Nov. Pa. 29 Nov. PA.

99 Nov. N. Y.