PART I. FOREIGN COUNTRIES; THEIR AREA, POPULATION, FISCAL AFFAIRS, AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRIES, COMMERCE, SHIPPING, RAILROADS, TELEGRAPHS, BANKING, AND MONEY. EUROPE. GREAT BRITAIN. AREA AND POPULATION. The area and the distribution of population of the United Kingdom were as follows at the census taken April 1, 1891, and at previous enumerations: The estimated population at the end of June, 1897, was: England and Wales, 31,055,355; Scotland, 4,218,279; Ireland, 4,550,929; total United Kingdom, 39,824,563. Total population in 1861, 29,321,288; in 1851, 27,745,942; in 1841, 27,057,923. EMPLOYMENTS OF POPULATION IN ENGLAND AND WALES IN 1891. 274 139 207 175 153 REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. The following table shows the actual revenue and expenditure for the years ending March 31, They are revised so as to exclude, in accordance with the system now adopted, the army and navy extra receipts, and the contributions by India for military charges, formerly brought to account EXPENDITURES FOR 1894, 1895, 1896 AND 1897, YEARS ENDING MARCH 31. *Deduct £975,000 for additional relief to agricultural rates, making revenue £101,729,000. The following statement shows the oscillations of the National Debt of the Kingdom from 1748: At the commencement of the Seven Years' War, 1756. 74,575,025 2,753,566 Increase during the war. 58,141,024 2,279,167 At the Peace of Paris, 1763.. Decrease during twelve years' peace. 132,716,049 5,032,733 5,873,238 329,214 At the commencement of the American War, 1775. 126,812,811 4,703,519 Increase during the war. 118,220,334 4,837,737 At the end of the American War, 1784. Decrease during the peace. Increase during the war.. At the Peace of Amiens, 1802. Increase during war with Napoleon.. At the Peace of Paris, 1815... Decrease during forty years. At commencement of Crimean War, 1854. Increase during the war.... Debt in 1857... Decrease since the Crimean War. 243,063,145 9,514,256 3,399,724 109,077 At the commencement of the French War, 1792.. 239,663,421 9,432,179 297,989,587 10,836,372 537,653,008 20,268,551 323,386,041 12,377,067 861,039,049 32,645,618 91,956,500 4,930,415 769,082,549 27,715,203 39,026,173 834,836 808,108,722 28,550,039 151,109,781 3,550,039 656,998,941 25,000,000 Debt on March 31, 1897 648,474,143 25,000,000 640,773,679 25,000,000 AGRICULTURE. The statement following shows the acreage in cereals and green crops in Great Britain and Ireland respectively: |