THE SECRETARIES OF AGRICULTURE.

(Formerly a Bureau of the Interior. Organized as a Department by Act of Feb. 9, 188′.

The Constitution, Art. II. Sect. 1, provides:

"In case of removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve upon the Vice-President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected."

In accordance with the power given, Congress, by Act approved March 1, 1792, regulated the succession as follows:

"Sect. 9. And be it further enacted, That in case of a removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice-President of the United States, the President of the Senate pro tempore, and, in case there shall be no President of the Senate, then the Speaker of the House of Representatives, for the time being, shall act as President of the United States, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected."

This statute was never satisfactory, and the question of the succession was frequently considered, but without result, for nearly a century. But in 1885, the death of Vice-President Hendricks forced the attention of the people again to this question, and after considerable discussion an Act was passed to regulate the succession. It was approved January 19, 1886.

By its terms, in case of the removal, death, resignation, or inability of both the President and Vice-President, then the Secretary of State shall act as President until the disability of the President or Vice-President is removed or a President is elected. If there be no Secretary of State, then the Secretary of the Treasury shall act; and the remainder of the order of succession is: the Secretary of War, the Attorney-General, the Postmaster-General, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Interior. The acting President must, upon taking office, convene Congress, if not at the time in session, in extraordinary session, giving twenty days' notice. The Act applies only to such Cabinet officers as shall have been appointed by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and are eligible under the Constitution to the Presidency.

DIRECTORY OF THE CITY, AND GENERAL

INFORMATION FOR VISITORS.

THE City of Washington, the Capital of the United States of America, occupies a portion of the District of Columbia, a territory which is under the immediate control of Congress.

The District of Columbia comprises an area of about sixty-five square miles, and lies on the northern bank of the Potomac, one hundred and sixteen miles above its mouth. The greater part of this area is a plateau rising some four hundred feet above the level of the Potomac, and is traversed by two streams, the Anacostia River or Eastern Branch, and Rock Creek. Above the mouth of the Anacostia the edge of the plateau recedes from the bank of the Potomac, and leaves a comparatively low piece of land, about seven square miles in area. It is upon this that the city is built. The suburbs occupy the hills to the north and west, the old city of Georgetown now forming a part of Washington.

The plan of the city is regular and symmetrical. Radiating from the Capitol are three streets, running north, east, and south, and known respectively as North Capitol, East Capitol, and South Capitol Streets. These, together with a broad stretch of public gardens, known as The Mall, on the west, divide the city into four quarters, called the North-East, South-East, South-West, and North-West. The streets run in the cardinal directions, the north and south ones being designated by numbers, and the east and west ones by the letters of the alphabet-the numbers advancing eastward and westward, the letters northward and southward from the Capitol. Besides these streets there is a system of avenues, named from the States, which, for the most part, radiate from the Capitol and White House as centres, and run diagonally to the cardinal points.

This arrangement of avenues makes communication between different parts of the city very direct, while the system of numbering the houses makes it very easy to find any designated locality. The quarter is always given. Thus, 610 Fourteenth Street, N. W., is on the fourteenth street west of the Capitol, a few doors above F Street (the sixth) north.

The various street railways of the city give easy access to all the places of interest. The fare is five cents, or six tickets for twenty-five cents. These are good on all lines, and also on the Herdic coaches running on Pennsylvania Avenue. Exchange tickets are given at many of the junctions, thus enabling the traveller to reach almost any point for a single fare.

The charges for cab and carriage service are regulated by the Board of Commissioners, the Chief of Police having charge. The established rates are given below.

[Extract from the Police Regulations.]

HACK RATES.

SECTION 1. Every public vehicle of what kind soever for hire for the conveyance of passengers on the streets, whether engaged by the passenger upon the street or at any livery stable, shall be considered a hack within the meaning and intent of these regulations.

SEC. 2. The charges for hack service within the limits of the District of Columbia shall not exceed those stated in the following schedule, namely:

Provided, That in the case of a two-horse hack engaged at a livery stable, the proprietor or driver thereof may, by special agreement made in advance with the passenger, charge according to such special agreement: And provided further, That hacks engaged upon the street, drawn by two horses, and with seats for four passengers, may charge by the hour at rates not to exceed one dollar and fifty cents for the first hour, and twenty-five cents for each additional one-quarter hour: And provided further, That a two-horse hack as above shall not be required to take less than two passengers.

In all cases when a hack is not engaged by the hour it shall be considered as being engaged by the trip.

The fare to any point outside of the cities of Washington and Georgetown shall, in all cases, be charged by the hour or part of an hour, and if the hack is dismissed outside the said cities a charge of twenty-five cents additional may be made.

Each passenger shall be entitled to have conveyed, without extra charge, one trunk or other travelling-box or bag: Provided, That there be not more

than two trunks or other travelling-boxes or bags to be conveyed at any one time for the person or persons hiring the hack. If there be more than two trunks, travelling-boxes, or bags the driver shall be entitled to twenty-five cents for each one additional to the two. Each passenger shall be entitled also to have conveyed, without charge, such other small packages as can be conveniently carried within the hack, and the driver shall load and unload all baggage without charge.

SEC. 3. Every hack shall have permanently affixed to the interior thereof, in a place readily to be seen by the passenger, the foregoing schedule of rates and no other, which schedule shall be printed on heavy white cards, eight by ten inches in size, printed in black ink, with full-face, double primer Roman type, to be furnished by the Major of Police.

SEC. 4. In case of any disagreement between the driver and the passenger of a hack the same may be referred by the passenger to the nearest police station, whither the driver shall convey him without discussion or delay, and the decision of the Lieutenant of Police or other officer in charge of such station shall be conclusive; and in case the passenger is about to leave by railroad, stage, or steamboat, such disagreement shall be summarily decided by the police officer or principal police officer on duty at the station or other place of departure.

The following list shows the location of the Chief Places of Interest, with a reference to the page where a description is given. Places not mentioned may be found by the Index.

All Government Buildings are open from 9 A.M. to 2 P.M., closing at 4 P.M.

AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT (p. 107), The Mall, opposite Thirteenth and B Streets, S. W. ALEXANDRIA, VA. (p. 155), Steamer from Seventh Street Wharf, 10 A.M. Train from Pennsylvania Railroad Station, Sixth and B Streets, N. W.

ARLINGTON, VA. (p. 149). Sunrise to sunset.

ARMORY, NATIONAL RIFLES, G Street, between Ninth and Tenth, N. W.

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WASHINGTON LIGHT INFANTRY, Fifteenth Street, south of Pennsylvania
Avenue, N. W.

ARSENAL, WASHINGTON (p. 132), foot of Four-and-a-Half Street, S. W. Sunrise to sunset.
BARRACKS, MARINE (p. 132), Eighth and G Streets, S. E. Sunrise to sunset

BARTHOLDI FOUNTAIN (p. 20), Botanical Gardens, Pennsylvania Avenue, First to Third Streets, N. W.

BRIDGE, CABIN-JOHN (p. 147), Conduit Road, seven miles from Georgetowr.

CONGRESSIONAL (p. 131), Eighteenth and E Streets, S. E.

OAK HILL (p. 145), end of Twenty-eighth Street, N. W.

COAST SURVEY (p. 133), New Jersey Avenue and B Street, S. E.

CORCORAN ART GALLERY (p. 121), Pennsylvania Avenue and Seventeenth Street, N. W., 10 A.M. to 4 P.M.

COURTS:

CLAIMS (p. 106), Department of Justice, 1509 Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W.
SUPREME (p. 57), The Capitol.

COURT-HOUSE, DISTRICT (p. 129), Judiciary Square, D and Four-and-a-Half Streets, N. W.
DEAD-LETTER OFFICE (p. 98), the General Post-Office, Seventh and E Streets, N. W.

DEAF-MUTE COLLEGE, NATIONAL (p. 137), Seventh and M Streets, N. E. Thursdays. EDUCATION, BUREAU OF (p. 103), Patent Office, F Street, between Seventh and Ninth, N.W. ENGRAVING AND PRINTING, BUREAU OF (p. 112), Fourteenth and B Streets, S. W. EXECUTIVE MANSION (p. 73, see White House).

FISH COMMISSION BUILDING (p. 133), Sixth and B Streets, S. W.

FORD'S THEATRE (p. 129), Tenth Street, between E and F, N. W.

GARDENS:

BOTANICAL (p. 20), Pennsylvania Avenue, First to Third Streets, N. W.

PROPAGATING, Agricultural Department (p. 108), Fifteenth and B Streets, S. W.

G. A. R. HALL, 1412 Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W.

INDIAN BUREAU (p. 103), Patent Office, F Street, between Seventh and Ninth, N. W.
INSANE, GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL (p. 134), east of the Anacostia. Wednesdays, 2 to 6 P.M.
INTERIOR DEPARTMENT (p. 101, see Patent Office).

JAIL, DISTRICT (p. 132), Ninth and B Streets, S. E.

JUSTICE, DEPARTMENT OF (p. 106), Pennsylvania Avenue, between Fifteenth and Sixteenth Streets, N. W.

LIBRARY, CONGRESSIONAL (p. 54), The Capitol.

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NEW (p. 111), East Capitol and First Streets, S. E.
LOUISE HOME (p. 135), Massachusetts Avenue and Fifteenth Street, N. W.
MALL, THE (p. 20, west from the Capitol to the Potomac.

MARKET, CENTRE (p. 34), Pennsylvania Avenue and Seventh Street, N. W.
MASONIC TEMPLE (p. 139), Ninth and F Streets, N. W.

MONUMENTS:

GARFIELD (p. 39), Maryland Avenue and B Street, S W.

NAVAL (p. 39), Pennsylvania Avenue and B Street, N. W.

WASHINGTON (p. 29), The Mall, western end.

MOUNT VERNON (p. 159), Virginia. Steamer from Seventh Street wharf, 10 A.M., returning 3.30 P.M.; $1.00.

MUSEUMS:

ARMY MEDICAL (p. 121), Seventh and B Streets, S. W.

NATIONAL (p. 118), The Mall, opposite Ninth and B Streets, S. W.

NAVY DEPARTMENT (p. 91), east wing, State, War, and Navy Bldg., Pennsylvania Avenue and Seventeenth Street, N. W.

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YARD (p. 132), foot of Eighth Street, S. E. Sunrise to sunset. OBSERVATORY, NAVAL (p. 125), Twenty-third and E Streets, N. W. ODD-FELLOWS' HALL (p. 139), Seventh Street, between D and E, N. W. PATENT OFFICE (p. 102), F Street, between Seventh and Ninth, N. W.

PENSION BUILDING (p. 104), Judiciary Square, G Street, between Fourth and Fifth, N. W. POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT (p. 96), Seventh and E Streets, N. W.

PRINTING OFFICE, GOVERNMENT (p. 128), North Capitol and G Streets, N. W.

REDEMPTION BUREAU, Treasury Department, Pennsylvania Ave. and Fifteenth St., N. W.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION (p. 114), The Mall, opposite Tenth and B Streets, S. W.
SIGNAL OFFICE (p. 126, see Weather Bureau).

SOLDIERS' HOME (p. 142), east of Seventh Street Extension, N. W. Sunrise to sunset.
STATE DEPARTMENT (p. 88), south wing, State, War, and Navy Bldg., Pennsylvania Avenue
and Seventeenth Street, N. W.

TREASURY DEPARTMENT (p. 92), Pennsylvania Avenue and Fifteenth Street, N. W.
UNIVERSITIES:

CATHOLIC (p. 143), Lincoln and Bunker Hill Roads, N. E.

COLUMBIAN, Fifteenth and H Streets, N. W.

HOWARD (p. 138), Seventh Street Extension, N. W.

WAR DEPARTMENT (p. 90), north and west wings. State, War, and Navy Bldg., Pennsylvania. Avenue and Seventeenth Street, N. W.

WEATHER BUREAU (p. 126), 1725 G Street, N. W.

WHITE HOUSE (p. 73), Pennsylvania Avenue, Fifteenth to Seventeenth Streets, N. W.

The following lists are for the information of strangers in the city. While not containing all names, those places located most conveniently to the Hotels are given :