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352. PRECEDING PRINCIPLES. The sooner

5. Apollo's Low-was

Proverbs. 1. Perseverance-overcomes all 2. Instruction, by example, is quick the pupil begins to rely upon his own re-difficulties. sources and experience, the better; and he and fectual. 3. We are only in the morning should not forget, that he must make himself starlight of the arts and sciences. 4. Knowledge an elocutionist. Hence, the importance of not o' tained in a moment. his seeing, rationally, and feeling, in his in-not always lent. 6. Reason-'s not the test of most soul, the truth, or falsehood, of the truth: it is only the organ, through which we se truch. 7. No one is so well qual fied to rule, as principles here unfolding. Let every exam- he, who knows how to obey. 8. Beauty is like ple be thoroughly mastered; and, to prevent the flower of spring: but virtues Ike the stars the growth of bad habits, in reading, speak of heaven. 9. Vain persons are fond of fine things ing and singing, let him often review; as 10. Respect, and contempt, spoll many a one. well as pay special attention to the varieties Some-outlive their reputation. 12. When sorrows of illustration, that are to be found on every is asleep, wake it not. page.

353. 1. It is too late-to urge objectionsagainst universal education; for the fountains of the great deep-are broken up, and a flood of information, (4) theological, (5) scientific, (4) civil, and (6) literary, is carrying all before it; filling up the valleys, and scaling the (6) MOUNTAIN-tops: a spirit of inquiry has gone forth, and sits brooling-on the mind of man. 2. Music-should be cultivated, not as a mere sensual gratification; but, as a means of elevating, and improving the affections; ennobling, purifying, and exolting, the whole man. 3. Beware of a remorseless thirst for the acquisition of iches; rather than deliver up yourself in execrable devotion to Mammon, mount the ladder of the most dangerous ambition,--even tho' it were planted on the precipice, and leaned

against a cloud.

354. POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY-includes all theories and general views of government, with a description of the forms, and the principles on which they are founded, and the modes in which they are administered. This study rests on the basis of natural law, or justice; and therefore, presupposes a knowledge of ethics; it requires enlarged and elevated views of human nature, and the constitution of society; with the means by which virtue may be diffreed, justice enforced, and order preserved throughout the community: it is alike important to the statesman, the legislator, and the private citizen.

11.

Laconics. And what was it, fellow-citizens, which gave to our La Fayette his spotless fame? The love of liberty. What has consecrated his memory-in the hearts of good men? The love of liberty. Whatnerved his youthful arm with strength, and inspired him in t. morning of his days, with sagacity and counce!? The living love of liberty. To what-did he sacrifice power, and country, and freedom itself? To the horror of licentiousness; to the sanctity of plighted faith; to the love of liberty protected by law. Thus, the great principle of your revolutionary fathers, of your pilgrim sires, the great principle of the age, was the rule of his life: The love of liberty—protected by

law.

Varieties. 1. When a lady receives the addresses of a gentleman, who is in the ha bit of tippling, how is she to determine, to what extent his protestations should be set down to hinace f, and how much passed to the credit of ardent spirite? In other words, how much is of love, and how much of alcohol? Suppose she test it, by the pledge of total ab stinence?

'Tis not the fare-tis not the form.--
"Tis not the heart-however warm;
It is not these, tho' all combined.

That wins true love :-it is the mind

Canst thou believe thy prophet.-(or, what is more.)
That Power, which made thee. () AND thy prophet,
Will (with impunity.) let pass that breach
of shered faith, given to the royal Greek?

How (3) poor! how (6) rich! how (4) abject!

How 9. crust! how (4) complicate! how (2) wonderful is man
How (6) ra sing, H', who made him such! aud
Centered in his nake--such strange cxt, emos !
What can preserve my life? or what destroy?
(6) anger's arm-can't match me from my grave :
Legions of angels- can't confine me there,

Anecdote. Howard's Opinion of Sweerers. As he was standing, one day, near the door of a printing-office, he heard some dreadful volleys of oths and curses from a pubic house opposite, and, buttoning hisa pocket up before he went in the street, he said to the workmen near him, “I always do this whenever I hear men swear, as I think that any one, who can take Gol's name in vain, can also steal, or do anything else that is bud." Hope, of all passions, most befriends us here: Passions of prouder name-befriend us less. Joy-has her tears, and transport-has her death: Hope, like a cordial, innocent, though strong, Man's heart, at once, inspirits-and serenes.

My mother's voice! how often-creeps
Its cadence-o'er my lonely hours,
Like healing-sent ou wings of sleep,
Or dere--to the unconscious flowers.
I can't forget her melting prayer,
Even while my pulses-maily fly;
And in the still, unbroken air,

Her gentle tones come-stealing by;
And years, and sin, and manhood flee,
And leave me--at iny mother's kuce!

355. These Inflections may pass through | 2, 3, 5, or 8 notes, according to the intensity of the feeling. Ex. 1. "Do you say, that |1 I'3] can learn to sing! 2. Do you say that [1 1'5] can learn to sing? 3. What! do you say that [1 I'8] can learn to sing?" Reverse the inflection; begin at the top, and go down. 4. He said [81] can learn to sing, not you'." Thus, you see that the voice may step up or down, by discrete degrees, or glide up and down, by continuous degrees. 5. "To whom the goblin, full of wrath, replied: (1) Art thou that (3) traitor (4) angel? (3) art thu he who first broke peace in heaven, and (6) faith, till then (8) UNBROKEN! (9) BACK to thy punishment-false fugitive, and to thy speed add wings; lest with a whip of scorpions, I pursue thy ling'ring; or with one stroke of this dart, strange horror seize thee, and pangs unfelt before." In speaking this sentence, use all the eight notes.

Proverbs. 1. An evil heart-can make any doctrine false, in its own view. 2. Bad books are fountains of vice. 3. Comply cheerfully, when necessity enjoins it. 4. Despair-blunts the edge of industry. 5. Double-dealing-is the index of a base spirit. 6. Every vice wars against nature. 7. Friendship-is often stronger than kindred In order to learn, we must pay undivided atten Good intentions--will not justify evil actions. 9. tion, 10, Mental gifts-often hide bodily infirmities. 11. Lawing-is very costly. 12. The world is his, who enjoys it. 13. Poverty-is often an

evil counsellor.

8.

Despotism. All despotism, whether usurped or hereditary, is our abhorrence. We regard it as the most grievous wrong and insult to the human race. But, towards the hereditary despot-we have more of compassion than indignation. Nursed and bro't up in delusion, worshiped from his cradle, never spoken to in the tone of fearless truth,

356. In reading the first example, the taught to look on the great mass of his fellowbeings as an inferior race, and to regard des voice glides from the first to the third note; potism as a law of nature, and a necessary because there is no feeling in reading the element of social life; such a prince, whose second, the voice glides from the first to the education and condition almost deny him the fifth note; because there is some feeling, and possibility of acquiring healthy moral feeling consequent earnestness; and in the third and manly virtue, must not be judged severe example, the voice glides from the tonic, toy. Still, in absolving the despot—from much the octave; because there is a great deal of feeling in the fourth example, the voice begins at the top, or eighth note, and glides down to the first; because there is a consequent change of thought and action. In the fifth example, the voice commences at 1, in a harsh tone, and goes on gradually ascending to angel; then it recedes, and then goes on rising still higher on faith, and highest on unbroken; when it begins to descend, in an unyielding and gradual way, to the close, in a manner that no words can describe.

357. Do not the bees, (says Quintillian) extract honey from very different flowers and juices? Is it any wonder that Eloquence, (which is one of the greatest gifts heaven has given to man,) requires many arts to perfect it? and tho' they do not appear in an oration, nor seem to be of any use, they nevertheless afford an inward supply of strength, and are silently felt in the mind: without all these a man may be eloquent, but I wish to form an orator; and none can be said to have all the requisites, while the smallest thing is wanting.

of the guilt, which seems at first, to attach to his unlawful and abused power, we do not the less account despotism a wrong and a curse. The time for its fall, we trust, is com ing. It cannot fall too soon. It has long enough wrung from the laborer his hard earnings; long enough squandered a nation's wealth on its parasites and minions ; long enough warred against the freedom of the mind, and arrested the progress of truth. It has filled dungeons enough-with the brave and good, and shed enough of the blood of pa triots. Let its end come. It cannot come foo soon.

Varieties. 1. What is education, and what are the best means for obtaining it? 2. Why are diamonds valuable! because of their scarcity? 3. Why are professional men indifferent poets ? is it because, as the bounda ries of science enlarge, the empire of imogination is diminished? 4. In what does true honor consist? 5. Tamerlane boasted, that he governed men by four great arts; viz: bribery, amusement, diversion, and suspense: are there no Tamalanes now, think Anecdote. Good Works. The Russian you? 6. Is there any alliance between ge embassador at Paris, made the Abbe L'Epee nius and poverty? 7. If we leave the path a visit, and offered him a large sum of mo- of duty, shall we not be liable to run into the ney through the munificence of the empress. path of danger? 8. Are there not some, The Abbe declined, saying, "I receive gold who would make void the word of God, by of no one; but if the empress will send me their own traditions? 9. Is it not a most a deaf and dumb person to educate, I shall important part of a teacher's duty, to imbue consider it a more fallering mark of dis-the minds of his pupils, with the love of all tinctum."

goodness and truth?

358. The Inflections have great influence in expressing, or perverting the sense, ac cording as they are correctly or incorrectly made. 1. In the retirement of a COLLEGE -I am unable to suppress evil thoughts; how difficult then, to do it, amidst the world's templations! 2. The man who is in the daily use of ardent (6) spirits, (4) if he should not become a (3) drunkard, (6) is in danger of losing his (5) health, and (6) character. The rising inflection on drunkard, would imply that he must become one, to preserve his health and character.

359. Apply the principles to the following, according to the feelings and thoughts, and their objects. 1. But (5) mercy -is (6) above-this sceptred sway; (4) it is enthroned-in the (5) hearts of kings; it is an (6) attribute--(1) of God himself.

Love, hope,-and joy, fair Pleasure's smiling train;
Hate, fear, and grief, the family of Pain;
These, mixed with art, and to due bounds conîned,
Make and maintain the balance of the mind.
He knew-

How to make madness-beautiful, and cast,
(O'er erring deeds, and thoughts,) a heavenly hue
Of words, like sunbeams, dazzling (as they passed,)
The eyes, which o'er them shed tears, feelingly, and fast.
Thy words-had such a melting flow,

Proverbs. 1. The best way to see Divine

6."

light-is to put out our own. 2. The proud-
shall be abased; but the humble-shall be exalted.
3. As long as you and truth agree, you will do
well. 4. No one is born for himself alone, but
for the world. 5. Rely not too much on the
torches of others; light one of your own.
Divest yourself of envy, and lay aside all unkind
feelings. 7. If youth knew what age would
speaker, without energy, is like a lifeless statue.
9. Deep-an¦ intense feeling-lie at the root of
eloquence. 10. Condemn no one, without a can-
did hearing. 11. Think more, and speak lese.
12. Follow the dictates of reason.

crave, it would both crave and save. 8. A

Half-Murder. That father, says the learned Baudier, who takes care to feed and clothe his son, but neglects to give him such accomplishments as befit his capacity and rank in life, is more than half his murderer; since he destroys the better part, and but con tinues the other to endure a life of shame. Of all the men we meet with, nine out of ten are what they are, good or evil, useful or not, by their education; it is that, which makes the great difference in mankind: the little, or almost insensible, impressions on our tender infancy, have very important and lasting consequences.

And spoke of truth--so sweetly well, They dropped-(like heaven's serenest snow,) Varieties. 1. Send your son into the And all was (6) brightness,-where they fell. world with good principles, good habits, and 360. INDUCING DISEASE. There is no a good education, and he will work his way. doubt, that the seed of a large number of dis- 2. How absurd to be passionate yourself, and eases are sown in childhood and youth; and expect others to be placid. 3. Why is swearespecially in our progress in obtaining what ing--like a ragged coat? because it is a is called, an EDUCATION. The bad habits of very bad habit. 4. Can there be any virtue, position in and out of school, and our un- without true piety? 5. Why is rebellionhealthy mode of living, contribute very eslike dram-drinking? because it is inimical sentially to the promotion of various diseases; to the constitution. 6. Why do white sheep particularly, dyspepsia, liver and lung com--furnish more wool than black ones? beplaints, and headaches. Hence, we cannot cause there are more of them. 7. Why is one be too watchful against sitting in a crooked position, nor too prudent in eating, drinking, and sleeping, as well as in our clothing, and our loging apartments. Let us put forth every effort in the performance of our duties, be they physical, intellectual, or moral. Anecdote. A Swiss Retort. A French officer, quarrelling with a Swiss, reproached nim with his country's vice of fighting on either side for money; "while we Frenchmen," said he, "fight for honor." "Yes, sir," replied the Swiss, "every one fights for that he most wants."

Called a blessing to inherit,
Bless, and richer blessings merit:
Give, and more shall yet be given:
Love, and serve, and look for Heaven.
Would being end-with our expiring breath,
How soon misfortune would be puffed away!
A trifling shock-shrives us to the dust;
But the existence-of the immortal seul,
Futurity's dark road-perplexes still.

who is led astray, like one who is governed
by a girl? Do you give it up? because he
is misled, (Miss-led.) 8. Ought there not to
be duties on imported goods, to encourage
domestic manufactures? 9. Are not physics
and metaphysics inseparably joined if so,
what is the connecting link? 10. Is it right,
under any circumstance, to marry for money?
11. Is it right to imprison for debt?
I can find comfort-in the words and looks

Of simple hearts and gentle souls; and I
Can find companionship-in ancient books,
When, lonely, on the grassy hills I lie,
Under the shadow-of the tranquil sky;
I can find music-in the rushing brooks,
Or in the songs, which dwell among the trees,
And come in snatches-on the summer breeze.
I can find treasure-in the leafy showers,
Which, in the merry autumn time, will fall;
And I can find strong love-in buds and flowers,
And beauty-in the moonlight's silent hours.
There's nothing, nature gives, can fail to pleasm
For there's a common joy- pervading all

1

As a

Proverbs. 1. New times, demand new meas

res, and new zen. 2. Pride-either finds a desert, or mukes one. 3. Want of feeling, is one of the worst faults of elocution. 4. lie, that catches at more than belongs to him, deserves to lose what he has. 5. Books-associate us with the think

381. A speaker--may calculate, before-1. Land, (so far as hum agency is concerned, and other things being equal) the off of a certain effort, by a la fing the wider to the metter, as well as a furmer can in raising a -crop, by using the proper means. stringed instrument, when touched at givening, and give us the material of thought. 6. Either be silert, or speak what is better than sipoints, infallibly produces certain funes; 50, the human mind, when touched by certain modulations, and corresponding sentiments, as infallibly receives certain impressions. But a speaker, singer, or writer, who thinks much of himse f, is in danger of being forgotten by others. If he takes no sincere and hearfelt delight in what he is doing, but as it is almired and amplerided by his audience, disappointment will be his portion; for he cannot long succeed. He who would be great in the eyes of others, must first learn to be made nothing in his own.

lence. 7. He, who resolves to amend, has God, and all goed beings, on his side. &. If you would have a thing kept secret, never tell it; and if you would not have any thing told of you, never də it. 9. The shortest answer-is doing a thing. 10. Friends-got without desert, will be lost without a cause. 11. Never speak what is not trus. 12. If it is not decent, never do it.

Selhnees. These fish-look upon themselves, as if they were all the world, and no man beside concerned therein; that the good state of things is to be measured by their condition; that all is well, if they do prosper and thrive; all is i, if they be disap pointed in their desires and projects. The good of no man, not of their brethren, not of their friends, not of their country, doth come under their consideration.

362. Exs. of the and. 1. Did you say yée, or no? Shall we crown the author of the public calamities? or shall we destroy him? 2. Beware of ignorance and sloth, and be guided by wisdom. 3. (2) Are they H brews? Are they all Helews? (4) Are they Hebrews from Pál stine? 4. What does the word person mean? That which consists in ones own self, and not any part or quality in another. 5. Is not water the best and safest of all kinds of drink? 6. NATURE and (4) REASONanswer yes. 7. The mind-is its own place; and, in itself, can make a heaven-study of the classics, an immoral tendency?

of hell; or hell of heaven.

Good name-ia man, or woman,

Is the immediate jewel of their souls:

Who seals my purse, steals trash, is something, nothing:
'Twas mine, this is, and has been slave to thousands;
But he, who 'ches from me my god name,
Robs me of that which not enriches him,
And makes me-poor indest

Where is the true man's father-land ?
Is it where he, by chance, is born?
Doth not the yearning spirit--scorn-
In such scant borders to be spann'd?

O, yes! his father-land must be-
As the blue heaven--wide-and free.
Anecdote. A Quaker, who had a great
Tror of sol biere, on seeing one jump into
Thunes, and sore a person who was
awning, said on the occasion, "I shall al-
weys be a Quaker; but soldiers are good
ctures."

What is it, Man, prevents thy God,
From making thee his blest abode?
He says he loves thee, wills thee heaven,
And for thy good--has blessings given.
I'll tell thee 'Tis thy love of self,
Thy love of rule-thy love of pelf,
Bind thee to earth-and all her toys,
And robs thee-of substantial joys.
Heaven's gates--are not so highly arched-
As prince's palares; they who enter there,
Must go-upon their knees.

Varieties. 1. If we feel well, shall we not try to make others feel so? 2. May not the constitution be injured by over-nursing, and the mind unnerved, by being prevented from relying upon its own resources? 3. Is it expedient to wear mourning apparel! 4. Does curiosity, or love of truth and goodness, induce you to study history? 5. Has the

6. Who would be an old mail, or an old
bachelor? 7. What is Botany? The science
of Plants. 8. Can friendship-exist with
out sympathy? 9. Is a free or despotic
government, more conducive to human hap
iness? 10. Cught not human nature-to
be a chief study of mankind? 11. Are gold
and silver mines, on the whole, beneficial to
a nation? 12. Is it right, to oblige a jury to
give a unanimous verdict!

THE BIBLE-WORTHY OF ALL ACCEPTATION.
This little book-I'd rather own,
Than all the gold and gems,
That e'er in monarch's coffers shone,
Than all their diadems.
Nay, were the seas-one chrysolute,
The earth-a golden ball,
And diamonds all the stars of night,
This book-were worth them all.
Here, He who died on Calvary's tree,
Hath made that promis -blest;
"Ye heavy-laden, come to me,
And I will give you rest.

A bruised reed--I will not breik,
A contrite heart--despise ;
My burden's light, and all, who take
My yoke, shall win the skies !"

The humble man, when he receives a wrong,
Refers revenge-to whom it doth belong.

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363. INFLECTIONS. Although there are Proverbs. 1. It is much easier to defend the given rules, for making these indections, or, innocent, than the guilty. 2. Let the press and slides of the voice, either up or down, yet speech, be free; no good government has anything it should be borne in mind, that every sen- to fear from paper shot, or airy words. 3. Three tence, which has been read with the upward, things are necessary to make an able man.--naslide, can, under other circumstances, be read ture, study, and practice, 4. Cultivate a spirit of love toward all. 5. Always distinguish between correctly with the downward slide: the sense apparent truths, and real truths; between effects zoveras everything here, as in emphasis. and causes. 6. God-is best known and honored, Ex. 1. Are you going to town? 2. Are you when h's werd and works are best understood and going to town? 3. Why did you speak to aff reciated. 7. Industry-is essential to usefund her! 4. Why did you speak to her? 5. Do ness, and happiness. 8. Every one ought to do you hear me? 6. Do you hear me? In the something. 9. Nothing is stationary; and the bu first example, we have a simple, direct ques-, man family-the least of all. 10. Mankind are tion; in the second, the same form of words, tending to a better condition, or to actual extinction. but so spoken, as if one said, I wish to know. 11. Trade-knows neither friends nor kindred. positively, whether you go to town; so of the 12. Physicians-rarely take medicine. rest. Thus you see, the sense, the object, the intention determines the manner.

364. 1. Some poets may be compared to others; but Milton and Shakspeare are incomparable. 2. He, who considers himself wise, while his wisdom does not teach him to acknowledge the Lord, is in the profoundest, ignorance. 3. We see the effects of many things, the causes of but few; experience, therefore, is a surer guide than imagination, and inquiry than conjecture. 4. It is the indispensable duty, and the inalienable right, of every rational being, to prove all things, and hold fast that which is good.

If the

Wisdom of our Ancestors. "wisdom of our ancestors"--had not taught them to recognize newly discovered truths, and to discard those errors, to which ignorance had given birth, we should not have been indebted to them for the improvements, which, however wel! they may have served their purpose for a time, are destined to be superseded by still more important discoveries. In the year 1615, a Florentine had the presumption and audacity to assert, contrary to the prevailing opinions of the learned, "the great, the good, and the wise among men," and contrary to the conclusions of all preceding ages," that the earth revolved round the sun;" and, although he was threatened with death for his heresy, Galileo was right.

Get but the truth-once uttered, and 'tis like A star, new-born, that drops into its place, And which, once circling its placid round, Not all the tumult of the earth-can shake. Varieties. 1. What is the image of God, 365. The nearer your delivery agrees with and what the likeness of God, into which man the freedom and ease of common discourse, was created? 2. What grace is more valuif you keep up the dignity and life of your able, than humility? 3. Is hereditary desubject, and preserve propriety of expression,)|pravily an actual sin, or a calamity? 4. Was the more just, natural and agreeable it will not the genius of Ar-chim-i-des the parent of be. Study nature; avoid affectation, and never use art, if you have not the art to conrealit: for, whatever does not appear natural, is neither agreeable nor persuasive.

the mechanical arts? 5. Did not the first single pair of mankind—possess the type of all the distinct races of men,-their innate tendency and genius, which has, or will, reAnecdote. A brutal teacher, whipped a appear in their offspring? 6. What is the a little boy, for pressing the hand of a little meaning of the command to Moses,“See that girl, who sat next to him at school. After thou make all things after the pattern, which which, he asked the child, "Why he squeezed I have shown thee in the Mount ?" 7. If we the girl's han l?" "Because," said the little are hardened under affliction, does it not infellow," it looked so pretty, I could not help | dicate a very bad state of mind? 8. Are it.' What punishment did the teacher de-miracles--violations of the laws of Nature? serve!

THE EPITAPH.

Here rests his head--upon the lap of earth,

A youth-to fortune, and to fame-unknown: Far Science-rown'd not on his humble birth, And Melancholy-mark'd him for her own. Large was his bounty, and his soul sincere; Heaven-did a recompense-as largely send. He gave to mis'ry all he had-n tear; [friend. He gain'd from hear'n ('twas all he wish'd)-a

No further seek his merits to d ́sclose,

Or draw his frailties from their dread abode, There, they, alike, in trembling hope repose) The bosom of his Father, and his God. BRONSON.

9. Does not the state and character of parents
-aflect their offspring? 10. What is the
conclusion of the whole matter? Fear God,
and keep his commandments.

When Summer's heats-the verdure sear,
Through yonder shady grove I tread,
Or throw me listless-down to hear
The winds-make music over head;
A thousand flowers-are blooming round,
The wilding bee" goes droning by,
And springs gush out-with lulling sound,
And painted warblers-linger nigh;
Yet one thing-wants the dreamer there--
A kindred soul-the scene to share.

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