298. EMPHASIS, by changing the seat of Proverbs. 1. One may have a thousand acAccent, and, of course, the Emphasis too. quaintances, and not one real friend among thein 1. Does he pronounce correctly, or incorrect-all. 2. The richer a country is in talent, and good ly? 2. In some kinds of composition, plaus- sense, the happier will it be. 3. Always to speak ibility is deemed as essential as probability.-what we think, is a sure way-to acquire the 3. Does that man speak rationally, or irra- habit of thinking and acting with propriety. 4. tionally? 4. We are not now to inquire All finery—is a sign of littleness. 5. In proportion as we know ourselves, we are enabled to know into the justice, or the injustice, the honor, others. 6. The government-and people should or the dishonor of the deed; nor whether it never regard each other, as opposite parties. 7 was lawful, or unlawful, wise, or unwise; Time and labor-change a mulberry-leaf into satin. but, whether it was actually committed. 5. 8. As virtue - is its own reward; so vice — is its He who is good before invisible witnesses, is own punishment. 9. It is torture, to enemies, to reeminently so before visible ones. 6. This turn their injuries with kindness. 10. Cast thy corruptible-must put on incorruption, and bread upon the waters; for thou shalt find it, after this mortal-immortality. 7. What fellow-many days. 11. He, may find fault, who cannot ship hath righteousness, with unrighteous-mend. 12. A bird is known by its note, and a man ness? or what communion hath light-with-by his talk darkness? 8. We naturally love what is agreeable, and hate what is disagrecable. 299. It is surprising, how few, even of our better readers, emphasize the right words, in a proper manner; this is more especially the case in reading, than in speaking; and yet children emphasize, correctly, everything that is the result of their own feelings and thoughts. Incorrect emphasis, always perverts the sense; and, to the hearer, it is like directing a traveler in the wrong road. Ex. 1. "Dr. Syntax told Jack, to saddle his horse; and Jack saddled him." Thus emphasized, there is no possibility of doubt, but that Jack -put the saddle on the Doctor. Place the emphasis on saddled, and you will get the true meaning. 2. Now, therefore, the said John, (says the said Thomas,) is a thief. 3. Now, therefore, the said John, says the said Thomas is a thief. Apply emphasis in a variety of ways, to other examples. Anecdote. No rank in life-precludes the efficacy of a well-timed compliment. When Queen Elizabeth, who was highly accomplished, both in mind and person, asked an embassador, how he liked her ladies, who at tended on her; he replied, "It is hard to judge of stars-in presence of the sun." An Honest Means of getting a Living. There seems to be but three ways for a nation to acquire wealth; the first is by war, as the Romans did, in plundering their conquered neighbors,--this is robbery; the second, by commerce, which is generally cheating; the third, by agriculture, the only honest way, wherein a man receives a real increase of the seed thrown into the ground, in a kind of continual miracle, wrought by the hand of God in his favor, as a reward for his innocent life and his virtuous industry. Varieties. 1. Should not every one beware of the evils, attendant on his own con 300. CONSTRUCTION OF HOUSES. How dition? 2. Children, as well as adults, are little attention is paid to the construction benefitted by their own conjectures and reasof our divellings! They seem to be built,onings; even about things and principles, principally, for their looks; and without that they cannot as yet comprehend. 3. regard to health, and comfort. Our sleep- What does education mean, but the regeneing apartments- appear to be of second-ration of the mind? 4. The present families ary consideration: they are generally made of mankind-scem but the wrecks and ruins small; are poorly ventilated, with low of men; like the continents, that compose the ceilings, while all ingress and egress of air is carefully prevented. It would be much better to reverse this arrangement, and have our dwelling apartments constructed like our sleeping apartments; for the former are often ventilated through the day. Beware of low stories, or low ceilings: houses with attic stories, or half stories, or garrets, used for sleeping or study rooms, are hot-beds of disease and death;, excellent places, with the addition of highly seasoned food, and a plenty of coffee, to generate bilious and other fevers. Fine economy this! and then pay the physician a few hundred dollars a year, to cure, or kill you! The best-sometimes, from virtue's path recede; earth. 5. How apt we are to make our- Lo! like a glorious pile of diamonds bright They sin, they rise, and, sparkling, cover al Proverbs. 1. He, who goes no further than bare justice, stops at the beginning of virtue. 2. The blameless--should not bear the effects of vice 3. The faults, and misfortunes of others, should serve as beacons, to warn us against the causes, by which they have been overwhelmed. 4. Some 301. EMPHASIS-may be exhibited by stress, and higher pitch: that is, force and loudness of voice, and elevation to the upper notes of the scale. 1. Little minds--are tumed-and subdued-by misfortunes; but reat ones-rise ABOVE them. 2. VIRTUE --leads to happiness; vice-to misery. 3.-have such a love for contention, that they will TRUE liberty-can exist-only where JUSTICE is impartially administered. 4. TrnANNY-is detestable-in every shape; but in none so formidable, as when assumed and exercised, by a NUMBER of tyrants. 5. Frown INDIGNANTLY, upon the first DAWNING-Of an attempt, to alienate any portion of this Union from the rest: the UNION-it must be preserved. 6. DRUNKENNESS-destroys more of the human race, and alienates more property, than all the other crimes on earth. 7. A day, an HOUR-of virtuous liberty, is worth a whole eternity in bondage. 8. I tell you, tho' (5) you; tho' all the (6) world; tho' an angel from (8) HEAVEN-declare the truth of it, I could not believe it. N. B. The words in small capitals have both stress and elevation. quarrel, even with a friend, for a matter devoid of all importance. 5. The human mind-can ac complish almost any thing that it determines to ef fect; for patience, and perseverance, surmount every surmountable difficulty. 6. Keep your appetiteunder the control of reason. 7. The indulgence of a satirical disposition-is always dangerous : it betrays a malicious spirit, a bad heart, and often creates enmities, and dislikes, that no lapse of years can soften, and death-can hardly extinguish. 8. While the tongue and expression of someseem to be honied, their heart-abounds with vine gar. 9. Superfluity-often leads to profusion. 10. Characters-in every other respect virtuous and amiable, if tnged with haughtiness and reserve, become odious. 11. Solitude-dulls thought; too much society-dissipates it. 12. The longest lifeis but a parcel of moments. 13. Without prudence, fortitude is mad. Anecdote. A paver, who had often dunned a Doctor, was one day answered by him, -"Do you pretend to be paid for such work? You have spoiled my pavement, and covered it with earth-to hide its defects." "Mine is not the only bad work, that the earth hides as your practice abundantly proves,"-rejoined the man. 302. STRONG POINTS. There are, in all kinds of sentences, paragraphs, speeches, &c., what may be called strong points, which are to be shown, principally, by the voice: hence, the importance of throwing all weak parts into the back-ground, and bringing out the strong ones-into the fore-ground. Now if the little words, that are insignificant, are, in their pronunciation and delivery, made Legendary Tales. In countries, where significant, the proper effect will be destroy-education and learning abound, legendary ed. Therefore, we should never make prominent such words as are not emphatic; and especially, such words as at, by, of, for, from, in, on, up, with, &c., unless they are contrasted with their opposites: as-of, or for; by, or through; from or to; in or out; on, or under; up, or down, &c. 303. RECITATIONS. Frequent recitations, from memory, are very useful, as they oblige 4. speaker to dwell on the ideas, which he wishes to express, discern their particular meanings, and force, and give him a knowledge of emphasis, tones, &c., which the pieces require: and they will especially reLeve him from the influence of school-boy habits-of realing differently from conversation, on similar subjects, and afford far greater scope for expression and gestures. 304. ETHICS. Moral Philosophy-treats of our duties to our Maker, to our fellowmen, and to ourselves; and the reasons by which those duties are enforced. Its great object seems to be-to promote the cause of virtue, by showing its reasonableness, excelfence and beauty, and the melancholy effects of neglecting or forsaking it. Honor-is an isle,-whose rocky const and miraculous tales lose ground; exciting but little interest, and less belief, and at last almost becoming a dead letter. Mankind, in a state of ignorance, with little education, are credulous, and fond of the marvelious; and there have not been wanting, in all ages, men of craft and invention, to gratify that passion in others, and turn it to their own advantage. Varieties. 1. The Bible-has truth for its subject, the mind for its object, and the Father of mind for its Author. 2. Such is the arrangement of Divine Order, in the government of the universe, that no evil can be prac ticed, or intended, without eventually falling on the contriver. 3. A knowledge of man's physical organization, as well as mental, is essentially requisite for all, who would successfully cultivate the field of education. 4. Experience-is the knowledge of every thing in the natural world, that is capable of be ing received through the medium of the senses. 5. Where liberty dwells, there--is my country. 6. Intemperance-drives wit out of the head, money out of the pocket, elbows out of the coat, and health out of the body. 7. In the choice of a wife, take the obedient daugh ter of a good mother. 305. EMPHASIS is made, secondly, by Proverbs. 1. A desire to resist oppression2. The faults quantity and force; i. e. prolongation of is implanted in the nature of man. sound, and stress of voice, on either high, low, and errors of others, are lessons of caution-to ouror medium pitches. 1. Roll on,-thou dark selves. 3. No shield is so impenetrable, no security so effectual, as a mind-conscious of its innocence. -and deep blue ocean-ROLL; Ten тHOUSAND fleets SWEEP-over thee in vain. 2.4. Our most delightful enjoyments-are always liable to interruption. 5. If our passions are not Let our object be-our country; our WHOLE 6. country; and nothing BUT-our country. kept under control, they will soon master us. Those things that are unbecoming, are unsafe. 7. 3. I warn you do not DARE-to lay your Ardent spirits-have drowned more people, than hand on the constitution. 4. Hail! Univerall the waters in the world. 8. He, is never tired sal LORD! Be bounteous still-to give us ONLY GOOD; and if the night-have gathered -aught of evil--or concealed-disperse it now, as light-dispels the dark. 5. A Deity -believed-is joy begun; a Deity-adored -is joy ADVANCED,-a Deity--BELOVED is joy matured. 6. Prayer-urdent-opens heaven; lets down a stream of glory-on the consecrated hours of MAN,-in audience -with the DEITY. N. B. The first Ex. is an instance of the lowest division of subjects -the Natural; the second and third, of the middle division--the Human; and the fourth and fifth, of the upper--the Divine: see previous article on this subject. of listening, who wishes to gain wisdo 9. All Anecdote. Law Practice. A lawyer told his client, that his opponent had removed his suit to a higher court: "Let him remove it where he pleases, (quoth the client;) my attorney will follow it-for money? Common Sense. It is in the portico of the Greek sage, that that phrase has received its legitimate explanation; it is there we are taught, that "common sense" significs "the 306. SHERIDAN, of whose oratorical pow- sense of the common interest." Yes! it is the ers, every elocutionist has heard, after having most beautiful truth in morals, that we have excited a great interest among his friends, no such thing as a distinct or divided interest who were filled with hope at his prospects, from our race. In their welfare is ours, and made a signal failure, on his first appearance by choosing the broadest paths to effect their in Parliament; insomuch, that he was en-happinesss, we choose the surest and the treated never to make another attempt. He nobly replied "I will; for by Heaven, it is in me, and it shall come out." He did try, and his efforts were crowned with success. In like manner, almost every orator failed at first; but perseverance made them more than conquerors. It is not unfrequent that the most abashed, and ill-omened, succeed the best. Take courage; let your motto be "onward and UPWARD, and true to the line." My crown is in my heart.-not on my head; Nor to be SEEN; my crown—is called—CONTENT; (And that there is-all Nature-cries aloud, shortest to our own. Varieties. 1. The universe-is an enpire; and God-its sovereign. 2. The smoothness of flattery-cannot now avail,-cannot sare us, in this rugged and awful crisis. 3. I had much rather see all-industrious and enlightened,-than to see one half of mankind-slaves to the other, and these-slaves to their passions. 4. The condition of scoffers, is of all-the most dangerous; as well from the particular state of mind, that constitutes their character, as because they are incapable of conviction-by argument; whoever knew such a one converted to the truth? 5. Watch against, and suppress-the first motions of spiritual pride; such as-proneness to think too highly of yourselves, or a desire to have others think highly of you, or account of your spiritual attainments. 6. How many villains-walk the earth with credit, from the mere fulfilment of negative decencies. 7. Study history, not so much for its political events, as for a knowledge of hu man nature. Away! away to the mountain's brow, Where the deer are wildly bounding; grows base, by contemplating the success of another. 3. A government, that undervalues the affections of the people, and expects to find a firm basis in terrors, will be mistaken, and short-lived 4. He, who passes over a crime, unreproved, or who controls his passions, subdues his greatest unpunished, encourages its repetition. 5. He. self to all the contingencies of life; but the foolenemy. 6. He, alone is wise, that can adapt himvainly contends, and struggles against the stream. 397. QUANTITY AND RHETORICAL Proverbs. 1. You cannot appease enry, PAUSE. 1. Dwell on such words as are expres-even by sacrificing virtue. 2. The envious man sive of the kindlier aflections, with a slow and adhesive movement of voice, as if you parted with the ideas reluctantly. 2. Very del berate subjects require more or less of quantity in their emphasis: so also do the sublime, the grand, and the solemn; particularly, the reverential, the grave; so also do carnest entreaty, prayer, deep pathos, &c. Ex. "Join-all ye creatures-to extol--Him -FIRST; Him--last; Him-mitst, and-7. The ways of the lazy-are as a hedge of without end." "O Mary! dear--departed shade, Where is thy place of blissful rest 2 Seest thou thy lover--lowly laid? Hearst thou the groans, that rend his breast?" 308. Read, or rather speak from memory, these lines with quantity, and on the lower pitches of voice. Night, (sable goddess) from her ebon throne, horns. 8. To a lazy man-every exertion is painful, and every movement a labor. 9. Innocenceand mysteriousness-seldom dwell together. 10. It is folly-to expect justice-at the hands of the Custom-is no small matter. 13. Consider thy unjust. 11. Great are the charms of novelty. 12. ways, and be wise. Humbugs. All new developments of truth--are called, by many, who do not ap preciate them, or dare to think and act for themselves--"HUMBUGS:" and this dreadful name--has no doubt had the effect--to lead some--to condemn them, without further in quiry. But the worst of all humbugs, the most deplorable of all delusions--is that, which leads men to shut their eyes to the truth, lest they should be laughed at-for acknowledging it. Varieties. 1. Is not this world-a world 309. IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS. If the evils of tight lacing, and tight dressing could only stop with the guilty, one consolation would still be left us; but even this is denied us: no! there is not even one drop of dreams, and the spirit-world--a world of of joy to be cast into our cup of bitterness-realities? 2. Some are only in the love of the draught is one of unmingled gall: the knowing what is good, and true; others, of human form divine is sadly deformed; the understanding them; and others--of living fountain of innumerable evils and diseases is according to them; to which class do I beopened by this suicidal practice; and thous-long? 3. Xerxes-whipped the sea, because unds of human beings are yearly coming it would not obey him. 4. That, which some into life, cursed from head to foot, from mind to body, with the awful effects of this infernal fashion, which originated in the busest passions of the human heart. Oh, who can measure the accumulating woe, which this accursed custom has entailed, and is yet entailing on the human race! Anecdote. To prevent Suicide. A Hi bernian Senator, speaking on the subject of death." O how weak Is mortal man! How trifling-how confin'd As of the train of ages.--when, alas! Unlearn the evils you have learned. people pride themselves in, often becomes the cause of their undoing; and what they very much dislike, becomes the only thing that saves them. 5. Possession-is eleven points of the law: hence, never let a valunble thing go out of your possession, without an ample security. 6. The world belowis a glass, in which we may see the world above: remove the rail, and see where spirit, and matter are connected. 7. The heart-felt prayer, only, is available; and to produce it, there must be deep-felt want; and the stronger it operates, the more perfect, and acceptable must be the prayer. "Oh! tell me, step-dame Nature, tell. Where shall thy wayward child abide? The wishful wretch, that o'er it bends ?" "Can storied urn, or animated bust, Buck to its mansion, call the fleeting breath? Can honor's voice--provoke the lent dust? Or flattry soothe the dull, cold our of death? 310. EMPHASIS-by prolongation, and de- Proverbs. 1. A mind conscious of its integpressed monotone: that is, quantity of voice rity,--is a most noble possession. 2. In acquir. on the first, second, or third note: it is some- ing knowledge, consider how you may render it times used in the grave and sublime, and pro- useful to society. 3. Avoid undue excitement on duces astonishing effects. Monotony-occurs trivial occasions. 4 When engaged in a good when the voice is inflected neither up nor cause, never look back. 5. Poverty--is no excuse down, but is confined to a few words. The for sinning. 6. Never repeat in one company, figures refer to the notes of the diatonic what is said in another; for all conversation, is scale. The following free translation of a tacitly understood-to be confidential. 7. Let paragraph from one of Cicero's o ations, will reason--go before every enterprise, and counsel-before every action. 8. Look on slanderers-as serve as a good illustration: but no one enemies to society; as persons destitute of honor, should attempt it, without committing it to honesty, and humanity. 9. Divisions, and conmemory. tentions are upheld by pride, and self-love. 10. Patience, when subjected to trials that are too severe, is sometimes converted into rage. 11. Avoid match-makers. 12. Virtue - is often laughed at. Anecdote. 311. (COMMENCE ON THE FOURTH NOTE.) "I appeal to you--O ye hills, and groves of (5) Alba, and your demolished (6) altars! I call you to (8) WITNESS! (4) whether your (5) altars, your (6) divinities, your (8) powLord Albermarle-was the ERS. (5) which Clodius had polluted with all lover of Mademoiselle Gaucher, (Gaw-shay.) kinds of (6) wickedness, (5) did not (4) avenge As they were walking together one evening, themselves, when this wretch was (3) extir-he perceived her eyes fixed on a star, and pated. (1) And thou, O holy (2) Jupiter! (3) from the (4) height of this (5) sacred (6) mount, whose lakes-and groves--he had so often (3) contaminated." COLUMBIA Columbia! to glory arise, The queen of the world, and the child of the skier; Let the crimes of the east-ne'er encrimson thy name; said to her "Do not look at it, iny dear; I cannot give it you." "Never," says Marmonte!, "did love-express itself more delicately." Law-is law-law-is law; and as in such, and so forth, and hereby, and aforesaid, provided always, nevertheless, notwithstanding. Law-is like a country dance; people are led up and down in it, till they are tired. Law-is like a book of surgery; there are a out of it. 312. The only way in which children, or great many desperate cases in it. It is also adults, can be taught to read, or speak, natu-like physic; they that take the least of it, are rally, is-to memorize short or longer senbest off. Law-is like a homely gentlewotences, and deliver them in a perfectly intelli- man, very well to follow. Law-is also like gent, impressive, and unrestrained manner. a scolding wife, very bad when it follows us. Abedarians: first teach them the sounds of Law-is like a new fushion, people are be the vowels; then of the consonants, inter-witched to get into it: it is also like bad spersing the exercises with select, or original weather, most people are glad when they get sentences. Ex. "Time and tide-wait for no man." Or, if it is a rainy day, "This is Varieties. 1. Are we not apt to be proud a very rainy day." If pleasant, "This is a of that, which is not our own? 2. It is a less delightful day." Which sentences, after be- crime-to gnaw a man's fingers with your ing recited in concert, should be spoken by teeth, than to mangle his reputation with the class individually. In this way, even your tongue. 3. It is better to yield gracesmall children may be taught a great variety fully, than to be held up as a spectacle of of things, natural and spiritual; and an im- vanquished, yet impertinent obstinacy. 4. mense field of usefulness opened before the Realiy learned persons--never speak of havmind of the real teacher: i. e. one who teaching finished their education: for they cones from the love of teaching; and no others should engage in it. Notes. 1. Remember-the figures, placed before words in sentences, indicate the pitch of voice, and have reference to the diatonic note; they are aids to break up the monotonous delivery. Still condiaue your efforts to smooth the apparent roughness of the notations, in regard to the dash, (-) pauses, (, ; :?!) and Emphasis: glile out of the mechanical into the natural. There is, in every human heart, K finue students, as long as they live. 5. Equivo- No flocks, that range the valley free, |