TABLE IV. TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN VERSIFICATION. A. PROSODY. 1. Apocoре (åπò-кÓTтw). Cutting off a letter or syllable at the end of a word, as 66 audin',' 99 66 vin'," for "audisne," "visne." See Part I. Exercise CXIV. 2. 2. Cæsūra (cædo). Cutting or dividing the line into two parts; that is to say, the end of a word should come in the middle of a foot-generally the third: e. g. "Quid facilat lætas "segeltes, quo sidere | terram." 3. Diærèsis (dià-aipéw). Division of one syllable into two: e. g. "silüæ," "dissolüisse," for "silvæ," "dissolvisse." (Aids VIII. a.) 4. Dialysis (Sià-Aów). The pause occasioned by the close of a word and a foot at the same time. See Casura. 5. Diastole (διὰ-στολή, στέλλω). Drawing out or lengthening a syllable naturally short e. g. Priămĭdēs. : 6. Diplasiasmus (Simλaoiáw). Doubling a letter: e. g. "relliquiæ," "rettulit." 7. Ecthlipsis (ék-Oλíßw). Pressing out or elision of m before a vowel. 8. Elision (elido). See 13. Synalapha. 9. Epenthesis (èπì-év-Tíðnμμi). Insertion of a letter into the middle of a word: e. g. "induperator," "cælituum." This is an archaism. 10. Metathesis (μeтà-тíonμ). Transposition of letters. 11. Părăgōge (apà-ayw). Extension of a word by the addition of a letter or syllable: e. g. "amarier," spargier," for "amari," "spargi." See Part I. Exercise CXIV. note. 12. Sonarēsis (-aipés). Contraction of two syllates into one: e.g. "deest." "alveo," &c. This process is sometimes called Synecphonesis or Synizēsis. 13. Synalapha (oir-díów). The elision of the vowel at the end of a word before a vowel at the beginning of the next: e. g. "Phyllida amo ante alias." 14. Syncope (oiv-Kó#TO). Cutting out a letter in the (συν-κόπτω). middle of a word and drawing the pieces together: e.g. "vinelum," "poclum," &c. (Aids VIII. a.) 15. Systole (ovv-oré). The shortening of a syllable naturally long, as "stětěrunt," "constiterunt," "dederunt," &c. (Aids VIII. b.) 16. Tmēsis (réuvo). Cutting one word into two: e. g. "quæ loca cunque," for "quæcunque loca;” "septemque triones," for "septentriones." Part I. Exercise XXI. line 5, note. B. SYNTAX. 1. Anadiplosis; by which the same word is made to begin a sentence which concluded the preceding one. See Poet. Orn. . 1. Cf. Virg. Ecl. vi. 20; viii. 55. Horace, C. iii. 3. 60. multarum quod fuit, unus habes." Cf. Hor. C. ii. 15. 13. It belongs chiefly to epigrams, or playful poetry. 4. Apostrophe; by which persons, or inanimate objects, are addressed in order to add force or Part I. Exercises V. LI. pathos. See Aids VI. LII. CVII. &c. Cf. Virg. Æn. ii. 59. Ov. 5. Aposiopesis; by which the latter part of a sentence is passionately and abruptly broken off. Virg. En. i. 135, "Quos ego-sed motos præstat," &c. &c. Ov. Her. xii. 207, "Quos equidem actutum!-sed quid," &c. 6. Apposition; by which a subordinate definition is added to a substantive, not necessarily forming one idea with it, but serving to define or characterize it more closely: e. g. "Tarquinius, rex Romanorum." "Effodiuntur opes, irritamenta malorum," Ov. M. i. 140. Cf. Part I. Exercises V. 1; LVI. 1. 4; XCI. 4. 7. Asyndĕton; by which conjunctions are omitted Virg. Æn. i. 602, "Urbe, domo socias." tr Fast. i. 126, "It, redit officio Jupiter ipse suo. Cf. Part I. Exercise IV. 16; XXXIX. 6; LXXVIII. 4. Part II. LVI. 6. 8. Attraction; by which (a) the Relative is drawn into the case of the Antecedent: e. g. Hor. Sat Tdice guo nôsti, populo." This howOference. Heaut. i. 13 12. Synarěsis (vv-aipéw). Contraction of two syllables into one: e. g. "deest," "alveo," &c. This process is sometimes called Synecphonesis or Synizēsis. 13. Synalapha1 (oùv-åλeípw). The elision of the vowel at the end of a word before a vowel at the beginning of the next: e. g. "Phyllida amo ante alias." 14. Syncope (ovv-KÓTTO). Cutting out a letter in the middle of a word and drawing the pieces together: e. g. " vinclum," "poclum," &c. (Aids VIII. a.) 15. Systole (ovv-oréλw). The shortening of a syllable naturally long, as "stětěrunt," "constiterunt," "dederunt," &c. (Aids VIII. b.) 16. Tmēsis (Téμvw). Cutting one word into two: e. g. 'quæ loca cunque," for " 66 quæcunque loca;" septemque triones," for "septentriones." Part I. Exercise XXI. line 5, note. B. SYNTAX. 1. Anadiplosis; by which the same word is made to begin a sentence which concluded the preceding one. See Poet. Orn. . 1. Cf. Virg. Ecl. vi. 20; viii. 55. Horace, C. iii. 3. 60. Poet. 2. Anaphora; by which the same word is repeated at 3. Antithesis; by which opposite conceptions are contrasted: e. g. Ov. Heroid. xv. 20. “Improbe, 1 Observe that the vowel is sometimes, though rarely, not elided: c. g. "Ter sunt conati imponere Pelio Ossan." This is called Hiatus. Cf. Virg. Æn. iii. 211. multarum quod fuit, unus habes." Cf. Hor. C. ii. 15. 13. It belongs chiefly to epigrams, or playful poetry. 4. Apostrophe; by which persons, or inanimate objects, are addressed in order to add force or pathos. See Aids VI. Part I. Exercises V. LI LII. CVII. &c. Cf. Virg. Æn. ii. 59. Met. x. 41; Fasti iv. 439. Ov. 5. Aposiopēsis; by which the latter part of a sentence is passionately and abruptly broken off. Virg. En. i. 135, "Quos ego-sed motos præstat," &c. &c. Ov. Her. xii. 207, "Quos equidem actutum!-sed quid," &c. 6. Apposition; by which a subordinate definition is added to a substantive, not necessarily forming one idea with it, but serving to define or characterize it more closely: e. g. "Tarquinius, rex Romanorum." "Effodiuntur opes, irritamenta malorum," Ov. M. i. 140. Cf. Part I. Exercises V. 1; LVI. 1. 4; XCI. 4. 7. Asyndeton; by which conjunctions are omitted: Virg. Æn. i. 602, "Urbe, domo socias." Ov. Fast. i. 126," It, redit officio Jupiter ipse suo." Cf. Part I. Exercise IV. 16; XXXIX. 6 LXXVIII. 4. Part II. LVI. 6. 8. Attraction; by which (a) the Relative is drawn into the case of the Antecedent: e. g. Hor. Sat. i. 6. 15, "Judice quo nôsti, populo." This however is rare. Cf. Terence. Heaut. i. 1. 35. "Hâc quidem causâ quâ dixi tibi."-Cicero, Ep. ad Div. v. 14.—Or (b) the Antecedent is drawn into the Relative clause. E. g. Hor. Epod. ii. 37. "Quis non malarum quas amor curas habet Hæc inter obliviscitur?" Cf. Sat. ii. 2. 59. Virg. Æn. i, 573.—Ov. Met. xiv. 350.-Terence |
