5 At what ports have you touched since you left the port of your lading on your homeward voyage?

6. What vessels have you had intercourse or communication with on your passage, and from whence did they come?

9. At what place or places was the cargo or any part thereof taken on board? On what day did you arrive at the place or places where you took in the whole, or any and what part of the cargo? And on what day did you sail from such place cr places? And what part of your cargo was taken in at each place, and when?

7. Did the plague or any other infectious disease or distemper pre-
vail in any degree at the place from whence you sailed on
your homeward voyage, or at any of the places at which you 10.
have touched? If at any, say at which, and when. Are any
persons on board your ship suffering under any infectious
disease? or have any persons died or been ill of a disease of
that nature on the homeward passage? and if any, what num- 11.
ber? And if any have diet or been ill of such disease, were
their bedding and clothes destroyed?

[If the vessel shall have sailed from any port in Europe without
the Straits, or on the continent of America.]

8. Have you on board any goods enumerated in this list?

[Handing up a list of articles enumerated.]

If you have, specify the same, and whether they are of the growth, produce, or manufacture of Turkey, or of any place in Africa within the Straits of Gibraltar, or in the West Barbary on the Atlantic Ocean, or of what other place? Have you any declaration to prove of what place they are the growth, produce, or manufacture? [If the vessel conies from the Mediterranean, or from any other place respecting which there is any order in council in force concerning quarantine.]

9. Have you any, and what bill of health?

10. What number of officers, mariners, and passengers have you on board?

12.

13.

14.

15.

[And in cases of vessels coming from or having touched at any port
or place on the continent of America, or the islands adjacent
thereto, or coming from or having touched at any ports in the 16.
West Indies, the following questions are to be put, in addition to
the aforesaid questions:]

11. In the course of your voyage, have any persons on board suffered
from sickness of any kind? What was the nature of such 17.
sickness and when did it prevail? How many persons were
affected by it? and have any of them died in the course of the
voyaze?
18.

12. How long after sailing from your port of lading, or having touched at any port of the continent of America or the islands adjacent thereto, or any of the ports in the West Indies, was the first appearance of disease observed?

13. How had the persons attacked been employed before they came on board?

14. Had they been employed in loading or unloading the vessel before she left the port?

15. Had the place which they inhabited before they sailed, the repu tation of being healthy; or was it subject particularly to the fever incident to the country?

16. Had the fever been frequent in the place before the vessel sailed? 17. Did the persons who were ill on board your vessel fall sick

Did the plague or any other infectious disease or distemper pre-
vail in any degree at the places from whence you sailed, or at
any of the places at which your cargo was taken on board, or
at which you touched? If at any, say at which, and when.
Did you hear of any report, or are you aware of any suspicion
having existed, at the time of your sailing, that the plague or
any other infectious disease prevailed at the place from whence
you sailed, or at any other place in the Mediterranean (or in
America or the West Indies, as the case may be)?
What number of officers, mariners, passengers, or other persons
have you on board? Describe the number of each.
At what port did you take on board your passengers?
Were they residents at that place, or had they been embarked as
passengers on board any other vessel from any other places?
Do the said officers, mariners, passengers, and other persons,
and from what places aud at what time?
consist of the same individuals as were on board at the port
from which you sailed upon your homeward voyage? If any
other persons have been taken on board, or if any of your
officers, crew, or passengers have quitted your vessel since you
sailed from such port, or before your arrival at this place, or
if any other alterations in that respect have taken place, spe
cify the same, the causes and the time or times of such altera-
tions.

What number of persons (if any) have died on board during the
voyage outwards and homewards, or at any port at which you
have touched? When, and in what part of the voyage did
such person or persons die? Of what disease or distemper?
Have any of your officers, mariners, or other persons of your
crew, who sailed with you on your outward voyage, died or
left the vessel ?

In the course of your voyage outwards or homewards, or at any port at which you have touched, have any persons on board suflered from sickness of any kind? What was the nature of such sickness? When did it prevail? How many persoES were affected by it? Are there any convalescents on board? Or, are all persons on board at present in good health? 19. Were any of those who died, or who have been sick in the course of the voyage, or any port at which you have touched, affected, or suspected to have been affected, by any infectious disease or distemper? Were the bedding and clothes of such deceased and sick persons destroyed? If so, when and in what anner were any of the persons immediately employed about the sick afterwards taken ill? If so, of what disease? and in how many days after having been so employed?

nearly about the same time, or within a few days of each 20.
other? Or, did the disorder spread successively from one to
another, and increase considerably? Or, did it abate gradu-
ally, and cease to multiply as the distance from the ports you 21.
sailed from or touched at as aforesaid increased?

18. What was the greatest number of persons ill at the most sickly
period of your voyage?

19. What was the whole number of persons on board your vessel when you sailed?

20. What is the whole number of persons now ill on board your vessel? 21. Can you state what were the symptoms of illness with which

your crew were first attacked; and what was the daily suc- 22. cession and change in them till their death?

22. Whether any and what medicines have been used? and what methods have been adopted to prevent its spreading among

the crew?

23. Whether attention has been paid to cleanliness and ventilation on board your vessel?

23. 24. When did you sail from the port or place from whence you took on board your outward cargo? and at what place did you touch before you arrived at the port or place where you took 24. in your present cargo?

25. Did you carry any bill of health with you to the port or place where you took in the cargo you have now on board? From what place? Were the said bills clean, unclean, or suspected? Quarantine Questions.

1. What is the name of the vessel, and the name of her commander or master?

2. Are you the commander or master?

At what precise time did such deaths happen? In how many days after being indisposed did the sick die? What were the most obvious appearances of the disease?

Have you spoken to or otherwise had any communication with any vessels at sea, during the voyage? What were the names of such vessels? and to what country, port, or place did they belong? From what ports or places were they coming, or at what ports or places had they touched on their voyage? and to what country, ports, or places were they bound? What was the nature of the communication held? What do you know respecting the state of health on board such vessels?" Have there been any letters, parcels, or other articles delivered out of or received into your vessel, from any vessel or boat met with on the voyage, or before or since your arrival at this place? And what were such letters, parcels, or articles? And where were the same delivered or received? and into or out of what vessel or boat?

Have you any packages or parcels which you have taken charge
of? If so, what are their contents? and when and where did
you take them on board?

What pilots or other persons from the shores of the United Knig
dom, or from the islands of Scilly, Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney,
Sark, or Man, have been or are now on board your vessel, or
have had any communication whatever with the ship's com
pany, or any of the passengers, during the voyage homewards,
or before or since your arrival at this place? If any snes
pilots or other persons have come on board, and have after-
wards quit'ed your vessel, specify the names of such persons,
and the time, manner, and circumstances of their so quitting
your vessel.
Did you leave any British vessels at any of the ports you sailed
from? If you did, mention their names and the names of
their commanders.

3. To what port or place does she belong?

25.

4. When did you sail from the port or place from whence you took on board your outward cargo? and at what places did you touch before you arrived at the port or place where you took in your present cargo?

26.

Were such vessels loading? were they near their departure? and whither were they bound?

5. Did you carry any bill or bills of health with you to the port or place where you took in the cargo you have now on board? From what places? Were the said bills of health clean, unclean, or suspected?

27.

6. From what port or place does she now come? When did you 28.
sail from such port or place? and at what place or places have
you touched in the course of the voyage?

7. Have you any bill or bills of health on board? From what place
or places? Are the same clean, unclean, or suspected? Pro- 29.
duce them.

[If the vessel shall have sailed from any port or place in Europe
without the Straits, or on the continent of America.]

8. Of what articles does your cargo consist? Have you on board any goods enumeratei in this list?

[Handing up a list of articles enumerated.]

If you have, specify the same, and whether they are of the 30.
growth, produce, or manufacture of Turkey, or of any place
in Africa, within the Straits of Gibraltar, or in the West Bar-
bary on the Atlantic Ocean, or of what other place. Have
you any declaration to prove of what place they are the
growth, produce, or manufacture?

Did you meet with any British vessels at any of the places you touched at? If you did, say when, where, and what were the names and destinations of such vessels; and to what ports or places did they belong?

Do you know whether any foreign vessels loading at the port from which you sailed, were bound beyond the straits of Gibraltar? And if so, what were they? and whither were they bound?

Do you know whether any person whatever employed in loading your vessel, or in bringing any articles into it, or having any communications on board thereof, was taken ill during such employment or communication? or whether, by the absence of such person or persons in the course of such employment, any suspicion was entertained of their having been ill? If so, of what disease?

Do you know whether or not your cargo, or any part thereof, had been long in warehouse before its being taken on board? If you do, say how long. Have you any knowledge of its being packed or handled on shore, or conveyed from store, or stowed on board, by persons affected with the plague or any other infectious disease or distemper?

[For information concerning the quarantine regulations of the United States, the reader is referred to the statutes of the several states on the seaboard.-Am. Ed.]

QUASSIA (Ger. Quassienholz; Fr. Bois de quassie; Sp. Leno de quassia), a beautiful tall tree (Quassia amara), growing in North and South America, and the West Indies. The wood is of a pale yellow colour, and inodorous; it, as well as the fruit and bark of the

tree, has a place in the materia medica. Its taste is intensely bitter. It is said to have been sometimes used by the brewers in the preparation of beer, instead of hops: but the use of it for this purpose is prohibited, under severe penalties. (See ALE and Beer.) The price of quassia in bond varies from 17. 4s. to 17. 6s. a cwt. The duty is 87. 17s. 6d. ; it is of course intended to be prohibitory; and is one of the few imposed for such a purpose, against which no good objection can be urged.

QUEBEC, the capital of Canada, and of the British possessions in North America, on the north-west bank of the river St. Lawrence, about 340 miles from its mouth, in lat. 46° 48′ 49" N., lon. 71° 10′ 45′′ W. Population in 1831, 27,562.

Quebec is situated on a ridge, or promontory, formed by the St. Lawrence on the S. and W., and the river St. Charles on the E. The extremity of this headland, called Cape Diamond, is about 345 feet above the level of the water, and on it the citadel is built. The town extends from the citadel, principally in a north-east direction, down to the water; and is, from the difference of elevation, divided into the upper and lower towns. The fortifications, which are very strong, extend across the peninsula; the circuit within them being about 2 miles. From their situation, many of the streets are uneven; they are also, for the most part, narrow; but they are either well paved or Macadamised. The greater number of the houses are built of stone, with shingle roofs. Some of the public buildings are elegant, and well adapted for their purposes. The harbour, or basin, lies between the town and the island of Orleans. It is safe and commodious: the water is about 28 fathoms deep, with a tide rising from 17 to 18 feet; and at springs from 23 to 25 ditto. Quebec was founded by the French in 1608. In 1629, it was taken by the English; but was restored in 1632. It was again taken by the English under General Wolfe, who fell in the engagement, in 1759; and was finally ceded to us by the treaty of Paris in 1763.

The rapid increase of population in Upper Canada has occasioned a proportional increase of intercourse between Quebec, Montreal, &c. The first steam boat that plied on the St. Lawrence was launched in 1812. There are now above a dozen steam boats, 1 of them of 600 tons burden, employed in the conveyance of goods and passengers between Quebec and Montreal; and a steam ship of from 700 to 800 tons burden is engaged in the trade between Quebec and Halifax in Nova Scotia. Thus is formed a line of steam communication from the Atlantic to Amherstburgh, one of the remote settlements of Upper Canada,-a distance of more than 1,500 miles; which we may soon expect to see extended to the head of lake Huron, and eventually to the western extremity of lake Superior, about 700 miles beyond Amherstburgh; giving to Quebec a command of internal navigation inferior only to that of New Orleans. The navigation at Quebec closes at the end of November or beginning of December, and opens in April. Below Quebec the river is seldom frozen over; but the masses of floating ice, kept in constant agitation by the flux and reflux of the tide, render navigation impracticable. The waters of the St. Lawrence are very pure; and in point of depth and magnitude it is one of the noblest rivers in the world.—(Bouchette's British Dominions in America, vol. i. p. 272.) Quebec is a free warehousing port.

We have already given (see vol. i. p. 425.) an account of the aggregate value and amount of the trade and navigation of Canada, and our other possessions in North America, for three different periods; viz. 1806, 1825, and 1831. The act 3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 59., regulating the colonial trade, and the duties upon the different articles imported into Canada and the other colonies, is given vol. i. pp. 426-434. But the following statements illustrate some of these points in detail, while others refer particularly to the trade, charges, &c. peculiar to Quebec and the St. Lawrence.

Deducting 1-10th from the currency value of Paper Currency.-There is no established government bank in the province; but there are private chartered banks, which have the Zollowing sums of paper currency in circulation, viz.

these coins will give their sterling value.

N. B. No notes or other paper money are issued on the credit of the province.

Accounts kept in Halifax currency.
Weights same as in England.

Measures.-Standard wine gallon, liquid measure of the province. The Canada minot for all grain, &c. except where specially agreed upon to the contrary; and his measure is about 1-8th larger than the Winchester bushel. The English Winchester bushel, when specially agreed for. The Paris foot, for all measures of lands granted pre

VIOUS to the conquest, and all measures of length, except an agree | The standard English yard for measuring all cloths or stuffs, sold by ment is made to the contrary. The English foot, for measure of the yard or measure of length. The English ell, when specially lands granted since the conquest, and wherever specially agreed upon. I agreed upon.

The remaining exports consist of British fabrics, West India produce, and teas re-exported. Nine tenths of this trade is carried on from Quebec. A great proportion of the imports is, however, consumed in Upper Canada; and it also supplies a very large share of the exports; but it is impossible, owing to the inaccuracy of the returns, to discriminate the imports and exports on account of each province.

An Account of Arrivals at Quebec in the Years 1831 and 1832.

N. B.-We are indebted for these details to the valuable work of Mr. M'Gregor on British America, 2d edit. vol. ii. pp. 504-515.

Population.-According to the latest census, the population of Lower Canada amounted to 539,822.

Quantity and Declared Value of the different Articles of British and Irish Produce and Manufacture exported to the North American Colonies in 1831.-(Parl. Paper, No. 550. Sess. 1833.)

Immigrants.-The number of immigrants arrived at Quebec, in 1829, was 15,915; in 1830, 28,000; in 1831, 50,254; in 1832, 51,746; [in 1833, 22,062; in 1834, 30,217; in 1835, 30,017; in 1836, 27,513; in 1837, 21,855; in 1838, 2,950; and in 1839, 7,413.-Am. Ed.]

MONTREAL, the second town of Canada, is situated on the south side of an island of the same name, in the St. Lawrence, about 180 miles above Quebec, in lat. 45° 31′ N., lon. 73° 35′ W. Population 27,000. The harbour is not large, but it is safe and commodious; the facilities for navigation afforded by the noble river on which it is situated being such, that vessels of 600 tons burden may ascend thus far without difficulty. The North American fur trade principally centres in Montreal; which also enjoys the principal share of the commerce between Canada and the United States. It is increasing faster than Quebec, or than any city in British America. Imports and exports included in those of Quebec.

(QUEBEC.-A Comparative Statement, for the Seven Years ending with 1835, of the Tonnage and Seamen employed in the Export Trade of the Province of Canada, distinguishing the Proportions thereof cleared in each Year for the United Kingdom from those of other Ports; the Tonnage cleared for the United Kingdom with Wood and other Goods separately; together with the Value of the Exports under each Head.-(Customs' Return.)

Note. The Returns from Gaspé have only been received to the 5th July last, and from New Carlisle to the 10th of October, 1835.-Sup.)

QUERCITRON BARK, the bark of a species of oak growing in many parts of North America. It is used in dyeing yellow colours.-(See BARK.)

QUILLS (Fr. Plumes à écrire; Ger. Posen; Federkiel; It. Penne da scrivere; Rus. Stivoli; Sp. Canones para escribir), the hard and strong feathers of the wings of geese, ostriches, swans, turkeys, crows, &c. used in writing. They are classified according to the order in which they are fixed in the wing; the second and third quills being the best. Crow quills are chiefly used for drawing. The goodness of quills is judged partly by the size of the barrels, but more by the weight; hence the denomination of quills of 14, 15, &c. Loths, per mille, each mille consisting of 1,200 quills. The duty on goose quills produced,

in 1832, 4,2027. 118.; which, as the duty is at the rate of 2s. 6d. the 1,000, shows that the number of quills entered for home consumption that year must have amounted to 33,668,000. Quills are principally imported from the Netherlands and Germany; but those from Riga are the finest. The price of Riga quills in London, in February, 1834,

duty paid, was as under:

RAGS (Du. Lompen, Vodden; Fr. Chiffes, Chiffons, Drapeaux, Drilles; Ger. Lumpen; It. Strasci, Strazze, Rus. Trepje; Sp. Tropos, Harapos), shreds or fragments of (generally decayed) linen, woollen, or cotton cloth. Though commonly held in little estimation, rags are of great importance in the arts, being used for various purposes, but especially in the manufacture of paper, most of which is entirely prepared from them. As the mode in which British rags are collected must be well known to every one, the following statements apply only to the trade in foreign rags.

Woollen Rags.-Woollen and linen rags are imported in considerable quantities from the continent of Europe, and from Sicily. The woollen rags are chiefly used for manure, especially in the culture of hops; but rags of loose texture, and not too much worn or decayed, are unravelled and mixed up with fresh wool in the making of yarn; a practice more favourable to the cheapness than to the strength and durability of the fabrics into which this old wool is introduced. Woollen rags are also used for making flocks or stuffing for beds, &c. this process is performed chiefly by the aid of the same kind of engines that prepare pulp for paper; these wash the rags thoroughly, at the same time that they grind and tear them out into separate threads and fibres. The chief importation of woollen rags is froin Hamburgh and Bremen; and there are some got from Rostock, but the quantity is trifling. The total average importation varies from 300 to 500 tons, and the price ranges from 67. to 71. per ton, duty (7s. 6d.) and freight paid on such as are used for manure; and from 13. to 15. for coloured woollens of loose texture, and 187. to 201. for white of the same description.

Linen Rags are principally imported from Rostock, Bremen, Hamburgh, Leghorn, Ancona, Messina, Palermo, and Trieste. Their export from Holland, Belgium, France, Spain, and Portugal, is strictly prohibited. The imports usually amount to about 10,000 tons; worth, at an average, from 21. to 221. per ton, duty (5s.) and freight included. Exclusive of the very large quantity collected at home, all the rags imported were, until very recently, employed in the manufacture of paper; but the Americans, who have for some years been large importers from the Mediterranean and Hamburgh, have lately come into the London market, and purchased several cargoes: a circumstance sufficiently indica tive of the languid state of the paper manufacture in this country, occasioned by the oppressive amount of the duties with which it is burdened, and of the duty on advertisements. -(See PAPER.)

The imported rags are coarser and inferior in appearance to the English; but, being almost exclusively linen, they are stronger, and bear a price disproportioned to the apparent difference in quality: this disproportion has been materially augmented since the introduction of the process of boiling the rags in ley, and afterwards bleaching them with chlorine, has rendered foreign rags fit for making fine paper, and, indeed, in some respects preferable for that purpose, by their affording greater strength of texture combined with equal whiteness of colour.

There is considerable variety in the appearance of rags from different ports; but, in general, those from the north of Europe are darker and stronger than those from the Mediterranean ports. The latter are chiefly the remains of outer garments, and have become whitened by exposure to the sun and air; but since the improvements in bleaching, this does not much enhance their value in the British market. The rags shipped from Trieste are chiefly collected in Hungary. It is only within these few years that we have brought rags from this port, which now furnishes us with considerable supplies. Most part of the rags collected in the Tuscan states, to the extent of 10,000 or 12,000 bags a year, goes to America.

Freights are, at an average, about-Hamburgh and Bremen, linen 20s. per ton, woollen, 25s.; Rostock, 40s.; Ancona and Leghorn, 38s. to 40s. ; Trieste and Sicily, 45s. to 46s. Linen rags are almost all selected and assorted previously to their shipment from the foreign port. Their distinguishing marks and prices per cwt. in the London market, January, 1832, were as follow: viz.