due.

FRANCE, &C.

The papers teem with essays, which, by enlighten We suppose this "patriot Francis” is a savage. In the parish of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch (says ing the people, must alarm their oppressors-whose whole reliance now seems on the bayonet. If that the "Statesman") there have been issued three thoufails thea, as it failed in France, they must go. sand six hundred warrants of distress against inhabiThe magistrates in some parts of England have tant-householders, for default of the last quarter's agreed to represent to the chancellor of the exche-poor-rate. quer the reduced state of the country by taxes and rates, and the impossibility of paying those becoming Failure in an attempt at "restoration." We have a long and laughable account of an affair between the In Spitalfield's district, late famous for its pros-priests and the people at Chatellerault, in France. perous manufactures, it is stated that nearly two The amount is, that the chief physician of the place thirds of the people are unemployed. Many that died without having received the sacrament, and used to live respectably have parted with their vethe priests refused the customary rites to his rery beds and clothing to procure food for their fami- mains, the grand vicar approving their resolution.— lies after having sacrificed their looms and tools But the people, by whom the deceased was belovA Luddite, named James Towles, has been executed, forced the doors of the church, and caused the ed at Leicester. He conducted himself, says the funeral procession to enter as usual, and compelled account, with great propriety during his confine a few priests they laid hold of, to perform the comment, "but elicited nothing that would at all implimon service for the dead. The military was called cate the Luddites, in whose dark and diabolical out to stop this terrible outrage; but the people kept the soldiers at bay until the ceremony was comsystem he has been the first to suffer."

The arrival of Mr. Hughes in England is honora-pleted! The affair made a great noise. Since then bly noticed in the London papers, on account of his the people of the place have manifested a disposition to treat the priests-as they deserve.

benevolence at Carthagena.

American stocks at London, December 30.-6 per cents 94.

There is a report that Carnot is confined in the dungeons of Magdeburg, which, however, is doubted by some on account of the flattering treatment he had received from the allied sovereigns.

The receipts of the British government, for the year past, however heavily the people are taxed, are about, or almost, an hundred millions of dollars A London paper of the 18th of January, says king less than its expenditures, and this amount must be Louis has the dropsy, and that his case is hopeless. borrowed to keep the wheels a-going. The loan.-The French have succeeded in negociNow, the whole debt of the United States amountsting a loan of 12 millions of pounds sterling to meet to about as much as this deficiency of the British the deficiency of the revenue for the year. revenue, in a time of peace, and after the "glorious contractors are Baring & Hope, of London; Parish 'victory of Waterloo" and our debt will be reduced & Co. of Hamburg, and a banker at Paris. by nearly one-fourth of its amount in the present terms are not stated-one half of the amount is to be paid in money, and one half in supplies for the year, though the direct tax has ceased! ellied troops in France; of whom, it is said, all but

The

The

To relieve the people, the prince regent has recom-30,000 are to be immediately withdrawn. mended the general use of shoe-buckles, as a com- Paris Dec. 18-From the establishment of the mon article of dress. If the fashion prevails in decimal system to August, 1816, the money coined England, it will no doubt reach the United States, amounts to 1,629,666,538 francs, of which 150 milwhere we have fools enough ready to pay their lions were gold. The money coined with the head portion of tribute to support the dignity of the Bri- of Louis XVIII. amounts already to 213,815,475 tish crown. Let us take it in time, and every head francs, of which 116 millions were in gold. of a family resolve to resist this useless, tax-gathering fashion.

SPAIN.

The deficits of the Spanish revenue for 1815 and

The Navy. The state of the British navy stood 1816 amount to thirty five millions of dollars. The thus on the 1st of January-at sea, 92 vessels, of estimated revenue for 1817 is not more promising, which 10 were of the line and 30 frigates; in port and there is a talk of attacking the fat incomes of and fitting 53, of which 12 were of the line; guard the priests. But this will not do. ships 0; hospital and receiving ships 25-13 of them

PORTUGAL.

of the line; in commission 170, of which 35 were of This country suffers exceedingly from the departhe line, 4 from 50 to 44 guns, and 44 frigates; inure of men of capital and enterprize for Brazil.— ordinary and repairing 370, of these 115 were of The British had better, at once, take it wholly unthe line, 16 from 50 to 44 guns, and 96 frigates; der their "protection"—that is, make a colony of it. building 30, 16 being of the line. Grand total of It is said, however, that the king is about to visit every description 570 the country.

EAST INDIES.

The cry of distress is heard from all quartersbut circulars, from the department of state, call The loss by the late fire at the isle of France is upon the lord lieutenants of the counties, to encou-estimated at ten millions of dollars-1482 houses rage the enrollment of respectable householders, to were burnt. The port is to remain open for 18 serve as special constables, and direct that the months, if sanctioned by the government of England. yeomanry corps should always be held in readiness A conspiracy of the natives against the Europeans We see a pompous account of a ball given on in Java, is said to have been detected, for which board a Russian frigate lying off Woolwich, (Eng.) many were put out of the way. on the anniversary of the emperor's birth-we no tice it on account of the following paragraph:

CHINA.

Some new difficulties appear to exist between the "The double sound of a trumpet announced the Chinese and British at Canton. The latter have arrival of the patriot Francis, who fought so glori- trespassed on the regulations of the former-the ously in our cause in America: he was dressed in a "security merchants" are ordered into the city, and most splendid suit of red and gold, and by his side the lighters are not permitted to go down with carhe wore a tomahawk, mounted in gold, presented to goes. The mandarin of Canton will bring the Brilim by the prince regent; he appeared much detish commander to reason.

lighted with the appearance of the frigate.

The purpose of the British embassy to China has

entirely failed. The emperor refused all the presents except the portraits of the king and queen of England.

"SPANISH AMERICA."

REPORTS.

The committee of the Berkshire agricultural society appointed for viewing crops standing in the fields, have faithfully attended to the discharge of their important trust and beg leave, respectfully, to report:

The defeat of the patriots near Barcelona, mentioned in our last paper, is now understood to be totally false-a thing of royal manufacture. On the That they noticed with peculiar pleasure a growcontrary, they appear to be generally successful, ing attention to improvements in agriculture in eveand steadily pushing towards the great end of their ry part of the county, where their duty called labors, in achieving the independence of their them, which was gratifying to them especially as it country. was manifest that these interesting results of our

The government of the united provinces of the own enquiries were principally owing to the effects Rio de la Plata have issued a decree to encourage of your society in diffusing a laudable spirit of emuprivateering against the Spaniards. Particular re-lation among our farmers, which has stimulated a wards are promised to cruisers that shall intercept general ambition to excel, not only in raising good despatches or take transports with troops or muni crops but keeping buildings and fences in better tions of war. The mode of boarding neutral ves-repair. It is, therefore, our earnest wish and ensels is prescribed. All prizes are to be free of duty treaty, that the members of the society, and the and all articles of war. Negroes between 12 and community at large, will contribute liberally to the 40 years of age, taken, are to be paid for by govern-support of an institution so eminently calculated to ment-to serve in the army, and after a certain do good to the whole country. period to be free. All not fit for service to be free We will not, on this occasion, trespass on the All vessels of little value, taken on the time of the public by going into a detail as to the high seas are to be burned. In Peru the patriot war- best method of fencing, of collecting and creating rior Don Manuel Ascensio Padella has deceased. manures, or of raising and preserving fruit trees, and many other objects interesting to every farmer. At the same time we beg leave strongly to recommend a general attention to these interesting objects, that the society and posterity may derive knowledge and benefit from our experience.

at once.

Our accounts from this country are pleasant. The eause of liberty, and hatred to tyranny, prospers The Portuguese expedition does not appear in the least to alarm the people.

The disputes between the British and Spanish at Havana, relative to the specie saved from the British Your committee cannot refrain from expressing sloop of war Tay, have assumed a pretty serious their deep sense of gratitude and praise to Almighappearance. The latter will not give up the cash-ty God, in blessing this people with such abundant they also treated the captain and crew of the Tay crops of wheat, rye, oats, flax and pease, notwithmost ignominiously, and trampled upon the Bri-standing the uncommon cold, and severe drought, tish colors, &c.

It is again stated that the patriots contemplate the capture of Pensacola. It has a very fine harbor, and on that account would be of great importance to them. They ought to take it.

Agricultural.

[LONG DEFERRED.]

they were never greater. Indian corn having, for the same reasons, generally failed, the applicants on this article generously waved their premiums and are entitled to the thanks of the society. The candidates were numerous, and had the season been favorable, the whole community would have been sensible of the visible effects of your premi

ums.

On the suggestion of the president, your com The following report of the committee of agri-mittee examined a mill, erected by capt. Merrills, culture and of domestic manufactures, are extracted from the Pittsfield Sun.

for grinding Plaister of Paris on an extensive scales
and they beg leave to recommend it from its pro-
mised utility, as an object worthy of premium.
By order of the viewing committee of agriculture.

JOEL BRADLEY, Chairman. The committee of domestic manufactures, after awarding the several premiums made the follow. ing remarks:

They were read in the order of proceedings of the late cattle show and fair in Pittsfield, and are deserving the attention of our agricultural readers. Probably the organization of a visiting committes of farmers, to inspect crops standing in the field, is altogether original, and the effect, we are told, ve ry interesting Eleven of the most respectable It is with regret your committee notice an evident farmers of Berkshire, are annually selected as a diminution of domestic manufactures the present committee to award premiums on crops. They year, probably occasioned by the peculiar situation meet at Pittsfield the early part of July; receive of the times; but we notice with pleasure, a variefrom the secretary of the society an abstract of the ty of articles exhibited by sundry persons which names of candidates; their residence, and articles though not named in the list of premiums, discover offered for premium. The committee then settle a superior style of workmanship, the manufacturers their route, and proceed from farm to farm, usual- of which, are entitled to the highest praise. ly followed by a train of anxious spectators. The candidates being apprized of the day and route of the committee, are well provided with substantial home-made fare to greet them under their roofs.The committee then enter into the midst of their felds of grain, attended by the anxious candidates; thus proceeding from town to town till they have fulfilled the duty assigned to them which requires several days.

SOLOMON WARRINER, Ch'n.

CHRONICLE.

PENNSYLVANIA. Public ordnance and arms, in the arsenal at Philadelphia, &c. Ordnance, chiefly brass, 38 pieces, 12, 9, 6 and 4 pounders; muskets, 20,875; rifles, 1,725.

Nomination for Governor. At a convention of deThe chairman of the committee is the farmer legates from the respective counties of the comwho has produced the best farm the year preced-monwealth of Pennsylvania, elected by the people ing, and received the society's diploma and an ex- for nominating a suitable person for the office of emption from all taxes to the society thereafter. governor, present a representation for all but three

counties. Jacob Holgate was called to the chair, and Com. Macdonough.-The sword voted to the he Andrew Stewart and I. D. Barnard appointed se-ro of Champlain by the state of New York, has been cretaries. presented to him in ample form, at Hartford, by a committee of gentlemen appointed by governor Tompkins for the purpose.

Gen. Jackson.-Thomas Lee, Thomas Bennett and J. S. Richardson, esquires, for the ladies of Charlestor, S C. have presented to the "man of Orleans,' So it was agreed that William Finlay be recom-through col. Hayne and maj. Gadsden, the elegant mended to the republicans of Pennsylvania, to be silver Vase prepared at their cost for him. supported as their candidate for governor at the ensuing election.

Toast, drank at Philadelphia on the 4th of March -"Commerce-The jolly boat of the American seventy-four, called agriculture and manufactures."ing toast was givenPrisoners. In a brig lately arrived at Charleston, from London, there was brought twenty eight ne groes, "taken prisoners during the late war,' some of whom were supposed to be slaves.

Be pleased to communicate this information to all the American merchants and ship masters with-paid, upon the application of the holders thereof in your district.

I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, any time prior to the 1st day of May, 1817, after your most obedient humble servant,

No. 4 op VOL. XII.]

BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, MARCH 22, 1817.

Hac olim meminisse juvabit.—VIRGIL.

Who.. 尾 990.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES, AT The Head of Cheapside, at $5 PER ANNUM. RELATIONS WITH SPAIN.-Though the documents] 1000 acres of the richest land, if nobody werks t belonging to our relations with Spain are not im- or of a million in capital unemployed?-nei her the portant, they possess a character that demands a land nor the capital can be made useful to the posrecord in the REGISTER-We have therefore used sessor, but through labor; yet these are powerour small type for the purpose, and so arranged fl auxiliaries, perhaps indispensable properties, to the matter as to be concluded in our next paper, in give fullness to its product. But labor is the first succession.

The tax-paying nation.

principle of wealth, and is the only thing on whish we can make a calculation on an occasion like this. It is my deliberate opinion, after a careful examination of the facts within my reach, that the aggreWe do not pretend to say what will be the result gate of the laboring classes in the United States is, of the apparent determination of the British people at least, one-fourth more numerous than it is in Eng to extort a reform in parliament from their rulers. land. But it is, also, very true that the persons That body now is the most corrupt and corrupting who form those classes with us do not so generally body that ever assembled together; and, as re labor, nor labor so much, as they do in England, presentatives of the people, is calculated only to ex- when there is employment for them; and, besides, cite the contempt and hatred of every honest and they have a greater extension of labor saving mareflecting mind, being a mere mockery and abuse of chinery, with a more complete economy in business, an inestimable principle. But we fear that the buy than we have-and, therefore, the probability is, onet of the government will prove too strong for the that the British laborers may produce quite as much right of the people; and that, if they will have re-value, per unnum, as the American, though the latform, they must have revolution, also. ter is so far the most numerous. It is, also, very

The English people have very recently made what certain, that British labor affords articles for exis to them an astonishing discovery-wonderful to port, after supplying the home demand, far more be told, they have found out that in their taxation valuable than those that we have, to spare: this is the real source of their distresses!-Now, this is arises, chiefly, from two causes-1st. because the not so strange as some may, at the first glance, be- American laborer retains a much greater portion of lieve it, if we recollect that, for many years past, his earnings for his own use; and, 2dly, because of poor John Bull has always been looking abroad in the large amount bestowed on the clearing of new stead of attending to his affairs at home. One while lands, in the building of new towns, and in accomhe was hugely tickied with the "Spanish patriots," plishing the thousands of things that belong to a the "Portuguese patriots" and other "patriots" new and vigorous country-and, as it is in these, and, Bonaparte, the arch-devil, always occupied his perhaps, that labor is more productive of value than attention. Then, after a while, came the affair of in any other way that it can be applied, to increase Waterloo, and John threw up his hat and thought the real wealth of a nation, we have a decided adthat his troubles were at an end, though he smarted vantage over British labor, which may be said, comsorely for it, and saved himself only by accident, or paratively, to have no such employments. But, on treachery, from the most complete thrashing he the whole, we may reasonably conclude that the ever received. But an increase of misery, instead value produced by labor in the United States is, of a relief from exaction, alone remained for John; at least, equal to the value, so produced, in Eng and then his masters told him to never mind him-land-and we may say that there are six millions of self, but to look towards Algiers to see what a terri- the laboring classes in each country, for the sake ble beating old England would give the barbarians. of the calculations that follow, which is conceding This amused him a little, but he saw neither profit a great deal.* nor honor in that business; and, worn out by all sorts of means practised to keep him gaping abroad, he now seems resolved to look into matters at home. He may be deceived again; and my conclusion is, that if he keeps in his present mood (as it is represented to us in the newspapers) his drivers will commence a fight with somebody, and kill off two or three hundred thousand men-just to divert him. It is far better that England should be at war, than that the prince regent, and the royal dukes, and the like, should be compelled to earn their bread as

common men.

*Gross population of the United States,
about,

Deduct

For persons out of business, liv.

75,000

ing on rents, dividends, &c.
Civil officers of every descrip-
tion, the army and navy, and
all persons receiving support
for services rendered to the
public,
40,000
Clergy, lawyers, physicians, 120,000
Universities, colleges & schools, 600,000
Paupers and beggars, subsisting
on the public charity,

9,000,000

30,000

-865,000

8,135,000

The aggregate of the classes of productive laborers in the United States is much greater than it is in England, with her millions of paupers and placemen, and pensioners, including the army and navy, &c. Argue the matter in any way, the result must be, that on the quantity of labor performed rests the resources of nations at peace, and indeed, also, ge- It must be observed that the families, the wo. nerally, if at war. It is the only certain source of men and children, are included in these estimates, national wealth-nations of noblemen could no more after the manner of that celebrated statistical wriexist than nations of fiddlers. For of what use is ter, Colopihonin', whose statement, for England, Is Von. XI.

D

Productive classes,

ciety of Friends, or Quakers. Though we have no personal acquaintance with him, we have long been familiar with his excellent character. The facts stated are very interesting; especially as tending to establish the period when the calling of the yeas and nays, in legislative bodies(a very important measure, bringing the representative immediately to the view of the constituent) first begun. This has been considered an American practice; but when or where first used is not yet, perhaps, ascertained. Respected citizen,

After some rough calculations, I have concluded To the editor-"modern antiquities."" that the whole amount of taxes, assessments and The following letter is from a gentleman of the soduties, directly or indirectly paid by the people of the United States,for the actual support of their general and state governments, including county and township rates of every description, may be estimated at about or under twenty five millions of dollars per annum-this takes in the payments for inte rest of the national and state debts; and contains in it a surplus sufficient for the support of all the clergy, &c. Any that will take the trouble to examine this will discover that I have probably rated it high enough. The amount, supposing our eight millions of productive classes as being only equal to the six millions in England, and rating them as six millions, requires an annual contribution of four dollars and fifteen cents from each, to answer all the purposes of government-and allowing one of every five of these to be a male capable of earning a dollar a day, there is required of him a little more than twenty days labor per annum.

The expenditures of England (proper) may be thus roughly estimated

For the payment of the interest of the national debt, civil list, army and navy, &c. &c.

Poor rates

Tythes

County rates

In the 10th vol. page 336, I observe the following-"about the year 1683, or 1684, the legislature of Pennsylvania passed a resolution, that no member thereof should come to the house barefoot, or eat his bread and cheese on the steps"-I know not where thee could have got the information, but believe it to be utterly false. I have their votes and proceedings from the first to the revolutionary war,

and know it is not to be found in them; nor is it probable that there were steps to the house-the rent of it annually was only £10-a rent for 24 £60,000,000 members, very moderate even in those happy days 8,000,000 of simplicity and frugality.

5,000,000
5,000,000

Members of assembly had at that time six shillings per diem-in 1683, the house met at 7 o'clock in the morning; in 1690, at 6 o'clock in the morning, £78,000,000 all present, and in 1693, at 5 o'clock in the mornI believe this is below the amount required. The ing-if some of the information I give is not wantlast item is entirely a guess. The aggregate is three ed, it can do no injury and will be cheap.† hundred and forty-six millions of dollars, per anIn 1685, the first protest against the proceedings num, or fifty-seven dollars sixty-seven cents for of the house, was entered on their votes, or journal. each person of the productive classes, or for every raale, (as before, one in five of the whole population) two hundred and eighty-eight days labor per anmum, at one dollar per day, without including the amount paid by dissenters for the support of their

churches, &c.

It is admitted, as a fact, by ministerial writers in England, that one half of the wages paid for labor is seized, in one way or another, by the government, and from this statement, it appears undeniably that it

must be so.

Let the American ponder on these things-and find in them new motives to love his country and guard its institutions.

given below. The amounts are only guessed at; but,
perhaps, they are not far from the truth-certainly
not sufficiently so to affect a general result.'
Gross population of England, including
the army and navy in all parts of the
world,

10,747,280

416,000

Civil officers, army, navy, half

pay and pensioners,

1,056,000

Clergy, law, physic,

281,000

Universities and schools,

567,937

Paupers and beggars,

2,500,000

-4,820,937

Productive classes,

In the same vol. I find that thee wishes to know,

"when the practice of calling the yeas and nays in legislative bodies was first begun." In 1745, the legislature of Pennsylvania were requested to enter the yeas and nays on the votes of the house— the request, it appears, was not granted. In 1754, is found the first instance of entering the yeas and nays on the said votes or journals.

In 1722, paper money was first made in Pennsylvania, and agreed that it should be lent to the people in small sums at 5 per cent. interest, and repaid in installments-the interest accruing to the province; which almost supported the government.

The issuing of paper money was (under Providence) a greater benefit to the province than any other act or proceeding ever had in it. How different from the bank mania now so prevalent, and which will bring down ruin sooner or later.

I am pleased to find so useful a book as thy Register edited by a whig.

H. Niles, edt. Reg. Baltimore.

Manufactures.

Copy of a letter from the hon. Thomas R. Gold, a representative in congress from Oneida county, N. Y. to Charles Shaler, esq. dated

Washington, Feb. 21, 1816. DEAR SIR-I have read with much satisfaction

5,926,343 the Pittsburg report on the subject of manufactures.

These items are taken from Colquhoun, except *I do not recollect where the article alluded to in respect to the paupers-which now is, probably, under the real amount estimated, by at least half a first appeared. It was copied from some other paper, after running through the United States unmillion. There ought, also, to be made a great deduction contradicted; having been originally published as in the comparative amount of labor that the remain-in apposition to some of the "blue laws” of the ing classes can contribute, from the fact that the ar-New-England states. †The gentleman paid the postage of his letter. my and navy, in all parts of the world, employs about [EBITOR

300,000 ment