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Published weekly by The Outlook Company, 120 East 16th Street, New York. Copyright, 1925, by The Outlook
Company. By subscription $5.00 a year for the United States and Canada. Single copies 15 cents each. Foreign
subscription to countries in the postal Union, $6.56.

HAROLD T. PULSIFER, President and Managing Editor
NATHAN T. PULSIFER, Vice-President

ERNEST HAMLIN ABBOTT, Editor-in-Chief and Secretary
ARTHUR E. CARPENTER, Advertising Manager
LAWRENCE F. ABBOTT, Contributing Editor

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HARLES FITZHUGH TALMAN contributes another article in his series on the labor-saving devices of modern industry. He is a frequent contributor to current periodicals on scientific and industrial subjects.

P.W. WILSON, author, editor, and

newspaper correspondent, now resident in the United States, was for several years a Liberal member of the British Parliament. He has been a frequent and welcome contributor to The Outlook.

The Education Movement in China

E

VERY article in The Outlook by Professor and United States Representative Davenport thus far has been illuminating. But his recent statement, in the Honolulu article, August 9, 1925, "I had never heard of it [the national mass education movement of China] until I got two thousand miles out into the Pacific, and I have not been able to find anybody since I reached home who ever heard of it either," is astonishing. Can a good optician furnish the gifted college man a pair of well-focussed eye-glasses?

The whole work of missionary education in China is based at present on the new Chinese vernacular, and hosts of publications in America have testified to its great value and increasing popularity in China. The remark is only a commentary on what some men will read. Aside from this lapse, F. M. Davenport's article is a fine contribution. BENJAMIN DURHAM.

Boston, Massachusetts.

Hotel and Travel Bureau, THE OUTLOOK

120 East 16th Street, New York

Please send me, without charge or obligation, information about

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How Does a

Fire Start?

Not with a big flame, but with a tiny spark which, unnoticed, spreads and grows until it becomes a big flame-a devastating force that burns up a home, a factory, even a big city.

When it has grown big, it is hard to check. When it was a little spark, it could have been put out in an instant.

Disease grows in your system in the same way. It begins with a tiny spark, a little irregularity which, unnoticed and neglected, can grow into a devastating illness.

You should know when the first little spark of disease starts to burn in your system. You can know, if you have our Health Protective Service.

In our laboratories we watch the state of your health as revealed by urinalysis. Our scientific precision in this enables us to notify you when the first spark of disease starts, and this enables you to check it and prevent it from developing into something more serious.

It takes little of your time.

It costs only $15 a year-a negligible amount when you consider the protection it affords.

The new edition of our brochure, "The Span of Life," is now off the press. We shall be glad to send you a copy free of charge.

National Bureau of Analysis

F. G. SOULE, President and Founder Dept. 0.925 Republic Bldg., CHICAGO

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NATIONAL BUREAU OF ANALYSIS
Dept. 0. 925 Republic Bldg., CHICAGO

Gentlemen: Please send me. without obligation, a copy of the new edition of The Span of Life."

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it is pure and mild and safe. When you massage your shapely head with that lovely rich Ivory lather and feel the tiny cleansing bubbles getting right down to the depths of your hair, you, too, will know how pure and mild and safe it is. And, oh, how fine your head will feel and how beautiful your hair will look-soft and fluffy and deliciously clean smelling.

You will use Ivory for your face and hands and bath too, of course, just as millions of other careful women do.

Please mention The Outlook when writing to the PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY

Procter & Gamble

Volume 141

Where Negligence Is Guilt

A

BOILER explosion on a passenger steamer in these days of safety appliances and State and Federal inspection bears on its face a presumption of criminal neglect or criminal desire to make money at the cost of safety. Morally and legally the burden of proof is on the owners.

About forty persons died, most of them by the horrible death of scalding, when the excursion boat Mackinac's boiler exploded as she was passing through Narragansett Bay on her way to Newport on August 21. It was stated in newspaper accounts that examination by the Rhode Island authorities showed that the boiler was old, worn, and thin in places, and that it had been repaired and patched, and some reports asserted that hurried patching was done just before the trip which proved fatal to many passen

gers.

It was also stated that Senator Metcalf, of Rhode Island, had urged Secretary Hoover, of the Department of Commerce, to institute thorough investigation by the United States Government and that this was now under way.

In this case, of course, as in all such cases, judgment should be suspended till the evidence is in; but somebody is responsible.

The millions of people who use excursion boats and river and coast passenger steamers depend for life and safety on the expert supervision exercised under the laws by Federal and State officials. If this oversight is slack, experience has shown that some owners will neglect their duty and take risks. Such men are less afraid of disaster and prosecution than they are of small dividends. An example of severe punishment laid upon venal or careless inspectors and responsible owners rather than upon individual employees would do vast good in putting a stop to this deadly kind of criminal negligence.

Is It a Strike, or What?

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pire, there is no sign of a compromise agreement. There is, however, a feeling that what will happen may be a mere cessation of work instead of a formal strike. The difference seems negligible; but, if the feelings of the combatants are saved thereby, and they begin to negotiate in earnest, the consumer must perforce be satisfied.

In time of peace prepare against war. If from this industrial battle the people and Congress learn that the time to do something is when no strike impends, much will be gained.

A step in the right direction was taken when a meeting of New England Governors, or their representatives, conferred at Boston, and when in the same week the Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce urged that the Borah Coal Regulation Bill (or, we will add, some other adequate measure to throw light on coal production, freight, profits, and middlemen) be rescued from the waste-basket, so to speak, and amended, debated, and acted on by the new Congress. If a permanent National Coal Commission existed to-day, it would be valuable. Many think that power to act in an emergency should be specifically given to the President.

The question is asked, Why should not anthracite consumers combine to protect

bought in small quantities is an obstacle, but such action as that of the New England Governors looks in that direction.

New England suffered unduly in the strike of 1923. This is why Mr. John Hays Hammond, noted engineer and head of the late United States Coal Commission, laid emphasis on the possible use of substitutes, and even said:

The operators realize they are losing their markets to substitutes because of the increasing cost of their product, and because of the constant fear of a shortage of supply. The miners are in the same boat, absolutely, for a strike means the loss of the market, and when they return they will find that operations have been suspended. Anthracite has always been a fetish. We have come to realize that anthracite is a luxury and not to be used at too great a cost. We have plenty of substitutes and will have no trouble carrying on.

Probably, however, anthracite owners and operators bank a good deal on the fact that consumers are loth to exchange better for poorer fuel or to install new methods of heating because of the immediate expense and uncertainty. But they may push even the patient consumer too far!

The Old New York

their interest, which is, in part of the W

country at least, the public interest?

HEN Saint-Gaudens's beautiful Diana descended the other day

The fact that domestic coal is mostly from her aerial post on the tower of

Madison Square Garden, the cry was, "There goes the guardian of Old New York. Soon nothing of historic fame will be left."

But that Diana was uncast, unmodeled, and undreamed of for thirty-five years after Grisi and Mario opened the Academy of Music in the opera of "Norma." In fact, Diana's birth was exactly the half-way mark between that real Old New York when the Academy was new and the present year.

The fiat has gone forth that the old Academy is to go. It is not, and never was, a thing of beauty, and its joyous memories of music, song, and society do not fit in well with its present sordid surroundings of push-carts and jazzing phonographs. The hall where fashionable New York gathered in the '50's (beginning, to be exact, in 1854) was then up-town; now it is just one movingpicture house among the rest. The old New Yorker is glad that the husk of the Academy is to go; he can remember better without it than with it the night when Patti made her début (and probably later some of her positively final and last farewells), when the gigantic, bird-voiced Parepa sang "Five o'clock in the Morning" and her tiny husband, Carl Rosa, stood by her side with his violin, when on one occasion Jenny Lind sang "Home, Sweet Home" to an audience of three thousand enormous days. Our American songster, Clara Louise Kellogg, is a not less charming memory.

for those

Gradually the majestic and genial reign of Colonel Mapleson declined. Perhaps he was too yielding to his songbirds some people's memory of the Academy is that of going to see some opera or diva and having the old "Faust" (and perhaps some old diva also) substituted.

fare, savoring its wines, and talking wit and wisdom as well as gossip. With it disappears also the famous up-town restaurant of Mouquin, once deservedly esteemed by editors, artists, and literary people.

There followed a memorable if not glorious era of drama. One remembers. the two Sotherns, Otis Skinner, Julia Marlowe, and some popular romantic or homely dramas. That era and the days when great balls and big functions took place in the Academy (the ball in honor of Edward, Prince of Wales, was a famous affair) gave place to the cheap, the common, and the noisy. The real Academy died twenty-five years ago; we are glad that its shell is to be removed.

The Old New Yorker is more likely to mourn the disappearance of the last vestige of up-town Delmonico's. Its rooms have seen famous men and women of social prominence of decades enjoying its

With the passing of things old and held in affection, we are glad to note the seventy-fifth birthday of one elderly friend who is as enjoyable and brisk as

ever.

We won't say that we have read "Harper's Magazine" for seventy-five years, but we know that it has given pleasure to Americans for all that time, that it has been encouraging and helpful to American writers and artists, and that it well deserves to live and entertain until it is thrice its present age.

The Negro as a Business Man
IT is a sign of growing race tolerance

that the city of Tulsa, in Oklahoma, best known by many as the scene of race war, riot, and house-burning in 1921, invited the National Negro Business League to come there for its annual meeting this summer. Dr. Moton, of Tuskegee, in his address, expressed his pleasure that both races joined in the invitation and the welcome, and his pride that with indomitable pluck and determination Tulsa whites and Negroes had joined in restoring the damage done when passion and prejudice ran riot.

This address showed an encouraging, even surprising, advance in the business. resources and activity of the colored people. Thus, the seventy-three banks they own and run have since 1918 raised their

capitalization from two and a half to six and a quarter million dollars; their own insurance companies have policies in force amounting to a quarter of a billion dollars; the estimated value of property

called by the death last month of the "Negro potato king," Julius C. Groves, of Kansas. Born a slave, he died the richest Negro in Kansas. He began to work at forty cents a day; in time, aided by his seven sons, he raised and sold in one year 72,150 bushels of potatoes.

But with all the expansion in finance, business, and in the professions, Dr. Moton repeated and emphasized the words of Booker Washington that "the ultimate seat of power in a democracy is with those who own the land." Accordingly, Dr. Moton advised his people to save money, buy land, and raise intelligent families. He is as urgent as was Dr. Washington that passion and agitation for theoretical recognition should be discouraged and effort for improvement and intelligence take their place. As to what the Negro in America wants Dr. Moton said:

Thoughtful Negroes, whether North or South, in the last analysis, want an equal chance with other American citizens, whether in banking, merchandising, business in general, and even in religious matters. They want for themselves and their children an absolutely equal chance for life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, unhampered by creed or color, and judged only by the merits of the individual or group. They, like other Americans, want to be dealt with by constituted legal authority. Mobs, lynchings, and burnings have never solved any problem; they have rather aggravated and intensified the feeling of bitterness and hatred.

The spirit of Tuskegee and Hampton is doing much to make the colored race patiently persistent and ambitious to improve morally and intellectually and to become useful citizens. Hard Luck!

W

ITH great reluctance on the part

owned by Negroes in America to-day is of Commander MacMillan, of

over $1,800,000,000.

One curious situation in regard to Negro wealth was brought out when Dr. Moton said: "At this moment I am thinking of the vast opportunities in the hands of our people represented by the holdings in oil lands which they possess in Oklahoma, in Texas, in Arkansas, and in Louisiana. What a blessing it would be to our entire race if the boys and girls who are now the legal heirs of this wealth could be developed and trained for its wise direction when they come to maturity. Here alone is sufficient capital to develop many lines of business which Negroes are now prepared to operate."

An example of what can be done by a single hard-working colored man is re

the Arctic expedition, and still greater reluctance on the part of Commander Byrd, of the Naval contingent, it has been found inadvisable to continue further this summer the efforts to fly over the great unexplored region north and west of Greenland. After the Naval authorities at home had become convinced that this was wise, Commander Byrd was still anxious to make one more try to establish an advance post for his Navy planes, but of course yielded when the actual order was issued. The questions involved were fully discussd by wireless or radio talk between Etah and Washington-and this was the first time, we believe, that an expedition already in the

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