THE SOLDIERS OF 1812--The brave men who carried the country safely through the second war with our ancient enemy, Great Britain.

MR. JASON SMITH of Tyre.

THE SIX NATIONS OF INDIANS-Once a great and powerful confederation. "Who is there to mourn for Logan?" Responded to by HON. BENJ. F. HALL of Auburn.

THE PIONEER SETTLERS OF SENECA COUNTY—A hardy, industrious band of workers, to which we owe our present advancement and prosperity.

Responded to by MR. D. B. LUM of Seneca Falls.

THE STATE OF NEW YORK-The Empire State, the foremost in the Union, in population, wealth, commerce, intellectual and material resources.

Responded to by HON. WILLIAM H. BOGART of Aurora.

THE LADIES-While they take no part in the conflict of arms upon the battlefield-yet, to their patriotic example and heroic endurance of privation and suffering-we greatly owe the priceless liberties which we enjoy.

GENERAL J. H. MARTINDALE of Rochester.

THE FARMERS-When their occupation is prosperous, all trades, professions and classes are prosperous.

MR. WILLIAM G. WAYNE of Seneca Falls.

THE MECHANICS-To whose enterprise and inventive skill, Seneca County is greatly indebted.

MR. WILLIAM H. POLLARD of Seneca Falis.

THE PRESS.

Responded to by REV. DR. O'SULLIVAN of Camillus.

THE JUDICIARY AND THE LEGAL PROFESSION.

Responded to by HON. SANDFORD R. TENEYCK of New York City.

THE CLERGY-Commissioned to proclaim the message of peace on earth and good will to men, yet in time of war they have never failed to bear their part, by voice and arm, in support of their country.

Responded to by REV. DR. DIEDRICH WILLERS of Varick.

The omission of several of the responses was due to the absence from the collation, on account of the storm, of several gentlemen to whom the duty of responding had been assigned.

The committee exceedingly regret that, on account of the absence of a stenographer, they failed to secure for publication the very eloquent and scholarly responses of HON. WILLIAM H. BOGART, HON. S. R. TENEYCK, and REV. DR. O'SULLIVAN.

The remarks of MESSRS. HALL, LUM and WILLERS, as kindly furnished by them, are subjoined in the order named.

THE SIX NATIONS OF INDIANS.

Once a great and powerful confederation "Who is there to mourn for Logan?"

JUDGE BENJAMIN F. HALL, of Auburn, responded to this toast; and after returning his thanks to the Committee for inviting him to attend this great demonstration and of affording him the pleasure of hearing the eminent gentlemen who had addressed the large concourse from the stand, said: that as he, the Judge, had been detailed to assist at the dedication of the Monument, he thought General John S. Clark, of Auburn, who possessed the freshest trophies gleaned by any one from this field of antiquity, ought to have been called upon to respond to this toast, and to reveal to us some of his recent discoveries.

General Clark is entitled to the medal for his success in ascertaining the domestic polity and political autonomy of the Six Nations, the seat and sweep of their power, the location of their castles and villages in New York and Pennsylvania, and the manner in which they disposed of their conquests. He traced out the circuit of General'Sullivan and aided to inspire the celebrations at Newtown and here, and the one to take place at Aurora. If he be too modest to rise here and say so himself, he must suffer the penalty of silence.

As he, the Judge, had made no fresh discoveries, he ranked only with the silver grays, who learned all they knew about Indians a long time ago. He knew, long ago, that the Six Nations, as a civic establishment and military power, were the greatest marvel in our annals; that with a personal body of 12,000 men, women and children, and not exceeding 3,000 warriors in the heyday of their power, they reduced nearly or quite, all the other tribes south of the Lakes, and east of the Mississippi, to subjection, and made them pay tribute to their government, in forms varying with the circumstances, with quite as much method and rigor, as the armies of the first Cæsars made the people of the countries they conquered pay tribute to the Roman Government. It was a marvel that a people so few in numbers and so feeble in military strength, should have been the most powerful class of nations on the continent. It was a marvel that they maintained their civil and military union so perfectly and so long. And it was a greater marvel still, that they were able to make conquest after conquest, through a long succession of years, and compel all the surrounding, as well as the subject tribes, to acknowledge their supremacy. And the more the affair is studied by antiquarians, philosophers and statesmen, in all its several aspects, the stranger it appears. Beyond all question, the Six Nations, in all their internal and external relations, their intelli

gence, their methods, and ultimate supremacy over the neighboring tribes, constitute the greatest marvel in American history. And they are likely to stand in that relation to the end of time.

There is still another marvel in the history of the Six Nations, lately noticed by Governor Seymour. It is the marvel that, whilst all the other Indian tribes which formerly occupied the continent, east of the Mississippi, have either become extinct or greatly reduced in numbers, there are as many Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, Senecas and Tuscaroras, by name, on the several Indian Reservations in New York, Canada and Wisconsin, as there ever were when the confederacy was in the height of its power.

The historian of the day, the Rev. David Craft, reviewed the history of the Six Nations very correctly as far as he deemed pertinent to the occasion, and he, the Judge, commended it, and especially that part of it, which stated that the pillages and massacres at German Flats, Cherry Valley and Wyoming, were instigated by Sir John Johnson and other British emissaries, (and not because the Indians themselves were hostile to the settlers,)—to the careful attention of the generation of white men now living on their domain and particularly the young in the schools. The Dutch, who settled the valleys of the Hudson and the Mohawk, and the valleys of Cherry Creek and Wyoming, regarded and treated the natives as men-as men honest by nature and not as the English settlers of New England did-as brutes, without souls to be saved or lost, and found them to be, what the Quakers of Pennsylvania found them, harmless, honest neighbors. The result was, that the Indians appreciated that sort of treatment from the white settlers, and appeared to be disposed to reciprocate in kind. The cardinal fact that those pioneer settlers and the Indians of the Six Nations dwelt side by side in comparative peace and safety,

appears to warrant the assertion that the responsibility for the acts for which they were punished by General Sullivan, rested more upon the British Government than upon themselves. Those words in Mr. Craft's address were apples of gold, which deserve to be framed in pictures of silver. He thanked the reverend gentleman with all his heart, for bringing out that feature of ante-revolutionary history so prominently, not only on account of its truthfulness, but because it furnished him with the key note of what he wanted to say respecting Brant and Logan, as representatives of different classes of Iroquois-the Pagan class and the Christian class. In order to appreciate and comprehend that distinction, we should bear in mind that when the Revolutionary war was pending, all the Governors of all the Colonies, except Connecticut and Rhode Island, were intense royalists, and were under express instructions from the British Government to use their utmost endeavors to instigate the Indians to wage indiscriminate warfare upon the white inhabitants in rebellion against the King, without respect to age, sex or condition; that Carleton, the Governor of Canada, on the north, Tryon, the Governor of New York, and the Earl of Dunmore, the Governor of Virginia, on the south, undertook to comply with those instructions by hiring the Indians as soldiers, and that William Franklin, the son of Benjamin, the Governor of the Jerseys, and John Penn, the grandson of the founder William, found a way to avoid the instructions, if not to refuse to comply; that Tryon deputed Sir John Johnson of Johnstown, the British Indian Agent, to execute the instructions sent to him, and deserted his post of duty for a place of safety on a ship of war; that Carleton and Johnson together, hired the pagan Brant with a captain's commission and pay, with authority to recruit all the Indians of the Six Nations he could obtain for soldier's pay and booty; and that Murray hired a few southern Indians, and tried to hire Logan, the Cayuga, with his men, to enter the British