§ 11.19 Caseous lymphadenitis; disposition of carcasses and parts. (a) A thin carcass showing well-marked lesions in the viscera and the skeletal lymph glands, or such a carcass showing extensive lesions in any part shall be condemned.

(b) A thin carcass showing wellmarked lesions in the viscera with only slight lesions elsewhere or showing wellmarked lesions in the skeletal lymph glands with only slight lesions elsewhere may be passed for cooking.

(c) A thin carcass showing only slight lesions in the skeletal lymph glands and in the viscera may be passed without restriction.

(d) A well-nourished carcass showing well-marked lesions in the viscera and with only slight lesions elsewhere or showing well-marked lesions confined to the skeletal lymph glands with only slight lesions elsewhere may be passed without restriction.

(e) A well-nourished carcass showing well-marked lesions in the viscera and the skeletal lymph glands may be passed for cooking; but where the lesions in a well-nourished carcass are both numerous and extensive, it shall be condemned.

(f) All affected organs and glands of carcasses passed without restriction or passed for cooking shall be removed and condemned. The term "thin" as used in this section shall not be held applicable to a carcass which is anemic or emaciated.

Car

§ 11.20 Icterus; disposition of carcasses. Carcasses showing any degree of icterus with a parenchymatous degeneration of organs, the result of infection or intoxication, and those which show an intense yellow or greenish-yellow discoloration without evidence of infection or intoxication, shall be condemned. casses affected with icteric-like discoloration, the result of conditions other than those before stated in this section, but which lose such discoloration on chilling, shall be passed for food, while those which do not so lose such discoloration may be passed for cooking. No carcass retained under this section may be passed for food unless the final inspection thereof is completed under natural light. Carcasses passed for cooking under this section shall not be processed other than by rendering.

§ 11.21 Urine or sexual odor; disposition of carcasses. Carcasses which give off the odor of urine or a sexual odor shall be condemned. When the final inspection of such carcasses is deferred until they have been chilled, the disposal shall be determined by the heating test.

§ 11.22 Mange or scab; disposition of carcasses. Carcasses of animals affected with mange or scab in advanced stages, showing cachexia or extensive inflammation of the flesh, shall be condemned. When the disease is slight, the carcass may be passed after removal of the affected portion.

§ 11.23 Hogs affected with urticaria, tinea tonsurans, demodex folliculorum or erythema; disposition of carcasses. Carcasses of hogs affected with urticaria (nettle rash), tinea tonsurans, demodex folliculorum, or erythema may be passed after detaching and condemning the affected skin, if the carcass is otherwise fit for food.

§ 11.24 Tapeworm cysts (cysticercus bovis); methods of inspecting for; carcasses and parts of cattle infested with; disposition of carcasses and parts; conditions under which refrigeration permitted; calves excepted (a) Head. Prior to inspection the tongue shall be detached sufficiently from the head bones, by an employee of the establishment, to allow a proper inspection to be made of the internal muscles of mastication. These muscles shall be inspected after incising them in such manner as to split the muscles in a plane parallel with the lower jawbone. The masseter muscles also shall be incised, splitting the entire external layer between the outer and intermediate fasciae.

(b) Heart. The preparation and inspection of hearts shall conform to one of the following methods:

(1) The surface of the heart shall be examined, and a longitudinal incision made extending from base to apex through the wall of the left ventricle and the interventricular septum, after which the cut surfaces and the inner surfaces of the ventricles shall be examined.

(2) After the external surface of the heart has been inspected the organ shall be prepared for further inspection by an establishment employee severing its attachments and cutting through the interventricular septum and such other tissues as will permit him to evert the organ completely. The inspector shall

then examine the interior surfaces and make not more than four deep, lengthwise incisions into the muscles of the septum and left ventricular wall, unless the presence of cysts is suspected, when more incisions shall be made. Under this method care shall be taken not to cut completely through the walls of hearts to be passed without restriction. If necessary to maintain the identity of hearts, the establishment shall provide consecutively numbered tags and appropriately mark the carcasses and hearts.

(c) Final inspection of retained carcasses: The external and internal muscles of mastication, the heart, and the muscular portion of the diaphragm including its pillars, should be carefully and thoroughly sliced to insure the finding of all cysts. Prior to the inspection of the diaphragm its peritoneum shall be removed. The tongue shall be carefully inspected by palpation, and if the presence of cysts in the muscles of this organ is suspected, the tongue shall be thoroughly sliced and all parts closely examined for cysts. In addition to the foregoing, the muscles of the oesophagus, the exposed muscles, and cut muscular surfaces of the split carcass shall be examined. Incisions may be made to expose additional surfaces for examination, but unnecessary mutilation of carcasses which may be passed shall be avoided.

(d) Carcasses of cattle (including the viscera) infested with tapeworm cysts known as cysticercus bovis shall be condemned if the infestation is excessive or if the meat is watery or discolored. Carcasses shall be considered excessively infested if incisions in various parts of the musculature expose on most of the cut surfaces two or more cysts within an area the size of the palm of the hand.

(e) A carcass in which infestation with cysticercus bovis is limited to one dead and degenerated cyst may be passed for food after removal and condemnation of the cyst.

(f) Carcasses of cattle showing a slight or moderate infestation other than that indicated in paragraph (e) of this section but not so extensive as indicated in paragraph (d) of this section, as determined by a careful examination of the heart, muscles of mastication, diaphragm and its pillars, tongue, and of portions of the carcass rendered visible by the process of dressing, may be passed for food after removal and condemnation of the cysts, with the surrounding tissues:

Provided, That the carcasses and parts, appropriately identified by retained tags, are held in cold storage at a temperature not higher than 15° F. continuously for a period of not less than 10 days: And provided further, That the boned meat from such carcasses when in boxes, tierces, or like containers, appropriately identified by retained tags, is held at a temperature of not higher than 15° F. continuously for a period of not less than 20 days. As an alternative to retention in cold storage as herein provided, such carcasses and parts may be heated throughout to a temperature of at least 140° F.

(g) The edible viscera, (except the lungs, fat, muscles of the oesophagus, and heart, which shall take the same disposition as the carcasses), of carcasses passed for food or for refrigeration under the provisions of paragaph (f) of this section may be passed for food without refrigerating or heating, provided they are found to be free from infestation upon final inspection. The intestines, weasands, and bladders from beef carcasses affected with cysticercus bovis, which have been passed for food or for refrigeration, may be used for casings after they have been subjected to the usual methods of preparation and may be passed for such purpose upon completion of the final inspection.

(h) The inspection for cysticercus bovis may be omitted in the case of calves under 6 weeks old. The routine inspection of calves over 6 weeks old for cysticercus bovis may be limited to a careful examination of the surface of the heart and such other surfaces as are rendered visible by the process of dressing.

§ 11.25 Hogs affected with tapeworm cysts (cysticercus cellulosac); disposition. Carcasses of hogs affected with tapeworm cysts (cysticercus cellulosae) may be passed for cooking, but if the infestation is excessive the carcass shall be condemned.

§ 11.26 Disposal of carcasses, organs, and parts showing evidence of infestation with parasites not transmissible to man; sheep carcasses affected with tapeworm cysts; carcasses infested with gid bladder worms; organs and parts infested with hydatid cysts; livers infested with flukes. (a) In the disposal of carcasses, edible organs, and parts of carcasses showing evidence of infestation with parasites not

transmissible to man, the following general rules shall govern: If the lesions are localized in such manner and are of such character that the parasites and the lesions caused by them may be radically removed, the nonaffected portion of the carcass, organ, or part of the carcass may be passed for food after the removal and condemnation of the affected portions. If an organ or a part of a carcass shows numerous lesions caused by parasites, or if the character of the infestation is such that complete extirpation of the parasites and lesions is difficult and uncertainly accomplished, or if the parasitic infestation or invasion renders the organ or part in any way unfit for food, the affected organ or part shall be condemned. If parasites are found to be distributed in a carcass in such a manner or to be of such a character that their removal and the removal of the lesions caused by them is impracticable, no part of the carcass shall be passed for food. If the infestation is excessive the carcass shall be condemned. If the infestation is moderate the carcass may be passed for cooking, but in case such carcass is not cooked as required by Part 15 of this subchapter it shall be condemned.

(b) In the case of sheep carcasses affected with tapeworm cysts located in the muscles (cysticercus ovis, so-called sheep measles, not transmissible to man), the carcass may be passed after the removal and condemnation of the affected portions: Provided, however, That if upon the final inspection of sheep carcasses retained on account of measles the total number of cysts found embedded in muscle or in immediate relation with muscular tissue, including the heart, exceeds five, this shall be taken to indicate that the cysts are so generally distributed and so numerous that their removal would be impracticable, and the entire carcass shall be condemned or passed for cooking, according to the degree of infestation. If not to exceed five cysts are found upon final inspection, the carcass may be passed after the removal and condemnation of the affected portions.

(c) Carcasses of animals found infested with gid bladder worms (coenurus cerebralis, multiceps multiceps) may be passed after condemnation of the affected organ (brain or spinal cord).

(d) Organs or parts of carcasses infested with hydatid cysts (echinococcus) shall be condemned.

(e) Livers infested with flukes or fringed tapeworms shall be condemned. § 11.27 Emaciated or anemic carcasses and those showing slimy fat degeneration or serous muscular infiltration. Carcasses of animals too emaciated or anemic to produce wholesome meat, and carcasses which show a slimy degeneration of the fat or a serous infiltration of the muscles, shall be condemned. Mere leanness should not be classed as emaciation.

§ 11.28 Carcasses showing advanced pregnancy, etc.; disposition. Carcasses of animals in advanced stages of pregnancy (showing signs of parturition), also carcasses of animals which have within 10 days given birth to young and in which there is no evidence of septic infection, may be passed for cooking and handled as provided in Part 15 of this subchapter; otherwise, they shall be condemned.

§ 11.29 Slaughter of injured animals at unusual hours. When it is necessary for humane reasons to slaughter an injured animal at night or on Sunday or a holiday when the inspector cannot be obtained, the carcass and all parts shall be kept for inspection, with the head and all viscera except the stomach, bladder, and intestines held by the natural attachments. If all parts are not so kept for inspection, the carcass shall be condemned. If on inspection of a carcass slaughtered in the absence of an inspector any lesion or condition is found indicating that the animal was sick or diseased, or if there is lacking evidence of the condition which rendered emergency slaughter necessary, the carcass shall be condemned.

§ 11.30 Carcasses of young calves, pigs, kids, and lambs; when condemned. Carcasses of young calves, pigs, kids, and lambs are unwholesome and shall be condemned if (a) the meat has the appearance of being water-soaked, is loose, flabby, tears easily, and can be perforated with the fingers; or (b) its color is grayish red; or (c) good muscular development as a whole is lacking, especially noticeable on the upper shank of the leg, where small amounts of serous infiltrates or small edematous patches are sometimes present between the muscles; or (d) the tissue which later develops as the fat capsule of the kid

neys is edematous, dirty yellow, or grayish-red, tough, and intermixed with islands of fat.

§ 11.31 Unborn and stillborn animals. All unborn and stillborn animals shall be condemned and no hide or skin thereof shall be removed from the carcass within a room in which edible products are handled.

of animals

§ 11.32 Condemnation suffocated and hogs scalded alive. All animals which have been suffocated in any way and hogs which have entered the scalding vat alive shall be condemned.

§ 11.33 Livers affected with carotenosis; livers designated as "telangiectatic", (a) “sawdust", or "spotted"; disposal. Livers affected with carotenosis shall be condemned.

(b) Cattle livers and calf livers showing the conditions sometimes designated as "telangiectatic", "sawdust", or "spotted" shall be disposed of as follows:

(1) When any or all of the conditions are extensive and involve one-half or more of an organ, the whole organ shall be condemned.

(2) When any or all of the conditions are slight in an organ, the whole organ shall be passed without restriction.

(3) When any or all of the conditions involve the whole organ, and are less severe than extensive, but more severe than slight, the whole organ shall be cooked.

(4) When any or all of the conditions are less severe than extensive, but more severe than slight in a portion of an organ, while in the remainder of the organ the conditions are slight the remainder shall be passed without restriction and the other portion shall be cooked.

(5) When any or all of the conditions are extensive and involve less than onehalf of the organ, while in the remainder of the organ the conditions are slight, the remainder shall be passed without restriction and the other portion shall be condemned.

(6) When any or all of the conditions are extensive and involve less than onehalf of the organ, while in any or all of the remainder of the organ the conditions are more severe than slight yet less severe than extensive, all of the re

mainder shall be cooked and the extensively involved portion shall be condemned.

(7) The division of an organ into but two parts as contemplated in this paragraph for disposition, shall be accomplished by one cut through the organ. This, of course, does not prohibit incisions which are necessary for inspection.

(c) Livers and parts of livers which are required to be cooked shall be held and cooked in the establishment where produced. They shall be cooked sufficiently to impart a cooked appearance throughout the liver. After cooking, the liver may be released for any purpose.

§ 11.34 Vesicular exanthema and vesicular stomatitis. (a) any carcass affected with vesicular exanthema or vesicular stomatitis shall be condemned if the condition is acute or if the extent of the condition is such that it affects the entire carcass or there is evidence of absorption or secondary change.

(b) Any carcass affected with vesicular exanthema or vesicular stomatitis to a lesser extent than in paragraph (a) of this section may be passed after removal and condemnation of affected parts, if the carcass is otherwise in good condition.

§ 11.35

Anaplasmosis. (a) Carcasses of cattle and calves found on post-mortem inspection to be affected with anaplasmosis shall be condemned.

(b) Carcasses of cattle and calves which are classed as recovered cases of anaplasmosis evidenced by the absence of abnormal symptoms on ante-mortem inspection but which show slight yellow coloration of tissues on post-mortem examination shall be passed for food provided the yellow coloration disappears on chilling. Those carcasses which do not lose such yellow coloration on chilling shall be condemned.

§ 11.36 Listerellosis. Carcasses of animals marked "U. S. suspect" because of a history of listerellosis shall be passed for food after condemnation of the head if the carcass is otherwise in good condition.

§ 11.37 Leptospirosis. (a) Carcasses of animals affected with leptospirosis shall be condemned.

(b) Carcasses of animals which have reacted to a test for leptospirosis and have been marked "U. S. suspect" on ante-mortem inspection shall be passed

for food when no evidence of the disease is found on post-mortem examination provided the carcasses are otherwise in good condition.

Part 12-Carcasses of Animals Slaughtered Without Without AnteMortem Inspection

§ 12.1 Carcasses of animals slaughtered without ante-mortem inspection. No carcass of an animal slaughtered in the United States which has not had ante-mortem inspection by a Division employee shall be brought into an official establishment, except that carcasses of cattle, sheep, swine, and goats, slaughtered by a farmer on the farm, to which the head and all viscera other than the stomach, bladder, and intestines, are held by the natural attachments, may be received for inspection at official establishments where there is a veterinary meat inspector, upon the conditions prescribed in this section. After receipt in an official establishment, every such carcass shall be given a thorough post-mortem inspection. If on inspection of any such carcass, there is found any lesion or condition indicating that the animal was sick or diseased, the carcass shall be condemned and disposed of in accordance with Part 14 of this subchapter. If on inspection the carcass is found to be free from disease and otherwise found healthful, wholesome, and fit for human food, it shall be marked with the inspection legend.

(34 Stat. 1264, sec. 306, 46 Stat. 689; 19 U. S. C. 1306, 21 U. S. C. 89) [23 F. R. 9947, Dec. 23, 1958]

§ 13.1 Tanks, rooms, and equipment used for inedible products to be separate and apart from those used for edible products. All tanks and equipment used for rendering, preparing or storing inedible products shall be in rooms or compartments separate from those used for rendering, preparing or storing edible products. There shall be no connection between rooms or compartments containing inedible products and those containing edible products, except that there may be one connecting doorway between the slaughtering or viscera separating department and the tank charging room of the inedible products rendering department. Pipes and chutes installed in accordance with the requirements of the Director of Division may be used to convey inedible and condemned material from edible product departments to inedible product departments.

§ 13.2 Suppression of odors in preparing inedible product. Tanks, fertilizer driers, and other equipment used in the preparation of inedible product shall be properly equipped with condensers and other appliances which will acceptably suppress odors incident to such preparation.

§ 13.3 Carcasses of animals condemned on ante-mortem inspection not to pass through compartments for edible products. In conveying to the inedible product tank carcasses of animals which have been condemned on ante-mortem inspection, they shall not be taken through rooms or compartments in which product is prepared, handled, or stored.

§ 13.4 Dead animal carcasses. (a) With the exception of dead animals which have died en route and are received with animals for slaughter at an establishment, no dead animal may be brought on the premises of an establishment unless advance permission therefor is obtained from the Director of Division.

(b) Under no circumstances shall the carcass of any animal which has died otherwise than by slaughter be brought into any room or compartment in which any product is prepared, handled or stored.

§ 13.5 Inedible fats from outside of establishments. Inedible fats from outside the premises of an official establishment shall not be received except into the tank room provided for inedible products, and then only when their re