Repairs. The only marine railways available in Penobscot Bay in 1926 were at Rockland and Camden (see their descriptions). Much of the repairing to small vessels and motor boats is done on the beaches at low water. Ordinary repairs to machinery can be made at Rockland and Bangor, and minor repairs at Camden and Belfast. Communications.-Rockland, Bangor, Belfast, and intermediate landings have steamer communication with Boston. There is also steamer communication from Rockland to Portland, and to all of the towns and villages on the islands and thorofares eastward as far as Blue Hill and Bar Harbor. The main steamer lines generally run throughout the year, but are more frequent in summer. Rockland, Belfast, and the points on the Penobscot River have railroad communication.

Tides. The mean rise and fall of tides varies from 9 feet (2.7 m.) near the entrance to about 10 feet (3.0 m.) in Eggemoggin Reach and near the head of Penobscot Bay. The rise and fall increases in passing up the Penobscot River, the mean range at Bangor being about 13 feet (4.0 m.).

ISLANDS AND ROCKS OFF PENOBSCOT BAY

The area including these islands and rocks (charts 225 and 1203) has an extreme length of 211⁄2 miles from Threefathom Ledge, eastward of Seal Island, to Roaring Bull, westward of Metinic Island. There is no secure harbor for vessels at any of the islands, but the small craft of local fishermen moor in Matinicus Harbor, the cove on the eastern side of Matinicus Island northward of Wheaton Island. The waters of this area are well surveyed, and there are deep passages between the islands, as shown on the chart. On account of the broken nature of the bottom, however, vessels, particularly deep-draft ones, should avoid all broken ground, especially with depths less than 10 or 12 fathoms (18.3 or 21.9 m.).

These waters are frequented mostly by local fishermen. The only settlements are on Matínicus and Ragged Islands, to which there is steamer communication from Rockland.

Seal Island, the easternmost, is bare, rocky, about 60 feet high (18.3 m.), and 1 mile long. There are several small houses near its eastern end. Eastern Ledge, on which the sea generally breaks, extends 350 yards off the east end of the island. Threefathom Ledge lies 111⁄2 miles eastward of Seal Island.

Malcolm Ledge, lying midway between Seal Island and Wooden Ball Island, is 3 mile long. The north end of the ledge is awash at high water; the south end is bare at half tide.

Wooden Ball Island is bare, rocky, about 60 feet (18.3 m.) high, and 1 mile long. The eastern point of the island is a prominent knob about 80 feet (24.4 m.) high, and there are a few small houses at the low place in the western part of the island.

Matinicus Rock, the southernmost islet, is about 40 feet (12.2 m.) high, and is marked near its south end by Matinicus Rock Light

house.

Matinicus Rock Lighthouse is the southernmost of two cylindrical granite towers. The light is flashing white (1 flash alternating with a group of 2 flashes every 15 seconds). The fog signal is an air whistle sounding a blast of 5 seconds and silent 25 seconds.

Nomans Land, Matinicus Island, Tenpound Island, and Ragged Island are partly wooded, and are the principal ones of a group of islands and rocks about 5 miles long. There are numerous, high, bare rocks, including Green and Brig Ledges, on the east and south sides of Ragged Island, and broken ground extends 3/4 mile southward from it to Inner Breaker, which has a depth of 3 feet (0.9 m.) over it and is marked by a red buoy. South Breaker is on a small rock, awash at lowest tides and marked by a horizontally striped buoy, 134 miles southward of Ragged Island and 15% miles northwestward of Matinicus Rock Lighthouse.

Criehaven is a village of fishermen in the cove on the western side of Ragged Island. The steamer wharf has a depth of about 6 feet (1.8 m.) and the other wharves are shoal. Gasoline and provisions are obtainable. There are shoals on the south side just outside the entrance to the harbor, and the best water favors the north side until inside. The harbor is a poor shelter in westerly weather. At such times the steamer lands at a wharf in Marsh Cove, on the southeast side of Ragged Island, and anchorage can also be had here. The wharf here is nearly bare at low water.

Shag Ledge, close to the northeast end of Ragged Island, is high, bare, and rocky. The Hogshead is a small bare rock 1/4 mile northeastward. Tenpound Island is grassy with a few trees.

Western and Eastern Black Ledges are bare rocks eastward of Matinicus__ Island. Tuckanuck Ledge, 200 yards eastward of Eastern Black Ledge, is covered at high water. A rock with 10 feet (3.0 m.) over it lies 1/4 mile south-southwestward of Western Black Ledge. Mackerel Ledge, bare_at_half tide, lies 700 yards north-northeastward of Eastern Black Ledge.

Matinicus Harbor (chart 225) is a cove on the east side of Matinicus Island inside Wheaton Ísland and a breakwater making out from the north shore to Indian Ledge. Small vessels can anchor in the middle, south-southwestward of Indian Ledge, in 4 fathoms (7.3 m.), exposed to northeasterly winds. Small craft can anchor inside the breakwater, where there is an area 200 yards square with depths of 1 to 7 feet (0.3 to 2.1 m.), protected from all winds. This anchorage is usually full of local fishing boats in bad weather. The entrance to the inner harbor is on either side of Dexter Ledge, awash at high water and usually marked on the southwest side by a small private spindle. The usual entrance is 125 feet southwestward of the highest part of the ledge and 50 feet southwestward of the spindle.

Matinicus is a town on Matinicus Harbor. It has steamer communication with Rockland. The principal wharf, on the northwest side, has a depth of about 2 feet (0.6 m.) at low water, and the other wharves are bare. Gasoline, provisions, and some motor-boat supplies are obtainable.

The thorofare between Wheaton Island and the point westward is bare at low water. There are small wharves, and small craft sometimes anchor here. Old Cove, westward of the south end of Wheaton Island, is seldom used as an anchorage.

Harbor Ledge is a rock with 4 feet (1.2 m.) on it, lying 300 yards northeastward of the entrance of Matinicus Harbor, and is marked on its south side by a horizontally striped buoy. The Barrel, lying

300 yards northeastward of Harbor Ledge, is a rock bare at half tide at the south end of a sunken ledge 300 yards long.

Nomans Land, the largest of the rocks and islets northeastward of Matinicus Island, is sparsely wooded and has a shanty on its west side.

Twobush Islet is grassy on top and is joined to the northeast end of Matinicus Island by a sunken ledge. Twobush Ledge, high and bare, lies southeastward of the islet; sunken rocks extend 350 yards eastward and northeastward from the ledge. Beach Ledges are two rocks, bare at a little below high water, between Twobush Ledge and Matinicus Island. Whaleback is a rock, bare at low water, lying 1/4 mile westward of Nomans Land, and is marked on its northwest side by a black buoy. Zephyr Ledges are two rocks, bare at low water, lying 1/4 mile northeastward of Nomans Land. Zephyr Rock, the northeast end of the group, is a rock with 5 feet (1.5 m.) over it lying 5 mile northeastward of Nomans Land, and is marked on its northerly side by a black buoy.

Local boats bound to Matinicus Harbor from northward carry a draft of 6 feet (1.8 m.) at low water through the channel between Matinicus Island on the west and Twobush Island and Beach Ledges on the east. Strangers should use this passage only in small boats and with a smooth sea.

Black Rocks are three bare rocks 1/4 mile westward of Matinicus Island.

Bantam Ledge is a rock bare at half tide, with deep water around it, lying 23 miles 283° true (NW. by W. 14 W. mag.) from the south end of Ragged Island. It is marked by a horizontally striped buoy, placed 100 yards south of the ledge.

Foster Ledges are two rocks with 6 and 13 feet (1.8 and 4.0 m.) over them; the southwestern and shoaler rock is marked on its south side by a horizontally striped buoy. The ledges lie 14 miles westward of the north end of Matinicus Island.

Pigeon Ground is broken ground about 2 miles long in an eastnortheasterly direction, lying 2 miles southward of Large Green Island. There are depths of 32 and 21⁄2 fathoms (6.4 and 4.6 m.) on its eastern and western parts, respectively.

Green Island Seal Ledges lie 5% to 8 mile south-southeastward of Large Green Island, with broken ground between. The southern part of the ledge is awash at high water; its north end is covered at half tide. A black whistling buoy is moored about 3% mile southeastward of the ledge.

Large Green Island is low and grassy, and has some houses on its northern part. Herring Ledge, partly bare at low water, extends % mile southward from the island.

Little Green Island is low and grassy, and has one house near its eastern end. Collins Rock, with 5 feet (1.5 m.) over it, lies 1% miles eastward of the island.

Northern Triangles is a reef about 1 mile long in an east-southeasterly direction lying 1 mile northward of Little Green Island. In the western half of the reef are some ledges bare at low water. Northern Triangles black buoy is placed about 1/2 mile northward of the eastern end of the reef. A ledge with 15 feet (4.6 m.) over it lies 2 miles northward of Little Green Island and 2 miles southeastward

of Twobush Island Lighthouse, and is marked by a horizontally striped buoy.

Alden Rock, with 4 feet (1.2 m.) over it and marked, on its southern side, by a horizontally striped buoy, lies 13% miles northwestward of Little Green Island. An unmarked rock with 14 feet (4.3 m.) over it lies 34 mile west-northwestward of Alden Rock. The 14-foot (4.3 m.) rock is at the eastern end of broken ground nearly 1 mile long, with least depths of 25 to 28 feet (7.6 to 8.5 m.).

Southern Triangles are three rocks awash at low water lying midway between Little Green and Metinic Islands. The southwestern rock lies 5 mile from the other two. A black buoy lies 200 yards southeastward of the easternmost rock.

Metinic Island is nearly 2 miles long, 70 feet (21.3 m.) high near its northern end, and partly wooded; it has no wharves. Metinic Green Island, low and grassy, lies 3⁄4 mile southwestward of Metinic Island, with foul ground between. A rock awash at low water lies 300 yards southwestward of Metinic Green Island. Wheeler Rock, with 5 feet (1.5 m.) over it, lies 3% mile north-northeastward, and Wheeler Big Rock, awash at high water, lies 300 yards northward of the northeast point of Metinic Island. Green Point Shoal, with 19 feet (5.8 m.) over it, lies 7 mile eastward of the middle of Metinic Island.

Broken ground extends 2 to 3 miles westward and southwestward from Metinic Island. The following are the shoaler places determined by the survey:

Black Rock, covered at high water, lies 5 mile westward of the middle of Metinic Island. A rock with 14 feet (4.3 m.) over it, lies 3⁄4 mile southwestward of Black Rock.

Metinic Island Ledge, with 8 feet (2.4 m.) over it and marked at its southwest end by a horizontally striped buoy, lies 134 miles westward of Metinic Island, on the range of the north end of the latter and the middle of Large Green Island. A rock with 26 feet (7.9 m.) over it lies 5% mile northeastward of it. Hooper Shoal, with 17 feet (5.2 m.) over it, lies 5% mile southwestward from Metinic Island Ledge.

Roaring Bull, awash at low water and generally marked by breakers, lies 234 miles westward of Metinic Green Island. It is marked on its northwest side by a black buoy. A ledge, with a least depth of 42 fathoms (8.2 m.), lies 5% mile north-northwestward of Roaring Bull.

Southeast Breaker is on a ledge about 1/2 mile long in a northeast direction, the higher part of which is bare at half tide. It lies 2 miles southwestward of Metinic Green Island, on the range of the south end of the latter and the north end of Large Green Island.

Haddock Ledge, with 13 feet (4.0 m.) over it, lies 114 miles southward of Southeast Breaker and 211⁄2 miles southwestward of Metinic Green Island.

EAST PENOBSCOT BAY

is the part of Penobscot Bay lying eastward of Vinalhaven, North Haven, and North and South Islesboro; its southern end, between Isle au Haut and Vinalhaven Island, is called Isle au Haut Bay. The islands in East Penobscot Bay have numerous coves and small

harbors, but few of these are available anchorages, some on account of their depth and others on account of the numerous dangers which obstruct their entrances. East Penobscot Bay is entered from eastward through Eggemoggin Reach, Deer Island Thorofare, and Merchant Row, and from southward between Isle au Haut and Vinalhaven Island. Saddleback Ledge Lighthouse is the guide to this entrance. Numerous unmarked ledges lie westward of Isle au Haut and off the western entrance to Merchant Row and Deer Island Thorofare. Northeastward of Northhaven Island there are numerous islands and ledges.

The channel to the head of Penobscot Bay leads eastward of Eagle Island, marked by a lighthouse, and passes between the islands in a north-northwesterly direction to Cape Rosier. A depth of over 5 fathoms (9.1 m.) can be taken up the bay by closely following the directions.

Saddleback Ledge Lighthouse, on a rocky islet in the middle of the southerly entrance to East Penobscot Bay, is a gray conical tower with white dwelling attached. The light is fixed white, 54 feet (16.5 m.) above the water, and visible 13 miles. The fog signal is a bell, sounding one stroke every 10 seconds. There is broken ground between the lighthouse and Vinalhaven, and deep-draft vessels should enter eastward of the lighthouse.

Head Harbor is a small bight in the south shore of Isle au Haut, just west of Eastern Head; it is exposed to southerly winds and used only by fishermen. The bottom is rocky, except in the northwestern part, where the depth is from 434 to 9 fathoms (8.7 to 16.5 m.). There are a few houses in the northeastern part, but no wharves.

Roaring Bull Ledge, 1 mile south-southwestward of Head Harbor, is bare at half tide and marked by a spindle. There is a red whistling buoy 5 mile southward of the ledge.

Western Ear is a wooded island at the southwest end of Isle au Haut. Western Ear Ledge, 1/4 mile southward of Western Ear, is bare at half tide.

The western side of Isle au Haut is fringed with many rocks and shoals, bare and submerged. The westernmost visible at high water are The Brandies, three bare rocks 1 mile westward of the southern part of Isle au Haut, and Kimball Rock, awash at high water, 5% mile westward of the western end of Kimball Island. Several rocky spots with depths of 18 to 30 feet (5.5 to 9.1 m.) lie outside the line joining these rocks.

Moore Harbor is a cove on the western side of Isle au Haut, about 211⁄2 miles above Western Ear. This harbor has many outlying ledges off the entrance and in the harbor, and is an unsafe anchorage.

Isle au Haut Thorofare is on the western side of Isle au Haut, between it and Kimball Island; though called a thorofare, it has a bar near its eastern entrance, dry at low water, extending from Isle au Haut to Kimball Island. It has a greatest width of 1/4 mile at its western end, and is a secure anchorage for small craft or very small vessels in 5 fathoms (9.1 m.). A buoy and spindle mark the two principal dangers.

Enter Isle au Haut Thorofare between Isle au Haut Lighthouse (on Robinson Point) and Sawyer Ledge black buoy, and pass southward of Inner Ledge spindle, giving it a berth of over 50 yards.