Treasury may extend Regulations to other Ports.-It shall be lawful for the said commissioners of his Majesty's Treasury, by their warrant, to be published in the London or Dublin Gazette, to extend the regulations herein-before made relating to agents in the port of London to agents at any other port in Great Britain, or at any port in Ireland.- 148. (The commissioners of customs, agreeably to the powers given them to that effect by the 3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 52. § 135. (see vol. ii. p. 17.), have appointed the undermentioned places, within the several ports of the United Kingdom, at which vessels coming into or departing out of such ports shall bring to, for the boarding or landing of customs officers. Every master of a vessel failing to comply with the provisions of said act in this respect for. feits 100%. Ports. London Aberdovey Arundel Barnstaple Carnarvon . Pwllhely ENGLAND. Stations for bringing-to. Gravesend Reach, below the Custom-house. On the bar, a little above the junction of the A little to the westward of the town, in the Orford haven, the entrance of the rivers Ore The piles on the eastern side of the river, Skern and watch-house, Appledore. - Opposite the town, at Fryar's Roads. In the roadstead opposite the town. In the bay off the town, opposite the Bell At the entrance of the harbour, by the In the harbour. In the harbour. Berwick At the entrance of the harbour, near the pier Portsmouth head. Penrith Roads, a little to the eastward of At Pwllcam, a little inside the bar or har bour's mouth. Fisher's Cross. At the entrance of the river Wye. Dowpool, 6 miles from Hoylake. Cockbush Harbour. Blackney and Clay Harbour. Coln River, off Mersea Stone, Mersea Island. west about 2 1-2 miles. Between the mouth of the harbour and Sand- At the mouth of the harbour and Snaps Point. In the Downs, in open roadstead. The outer harbour. In the harbour. Exeter At the Passage Way, Exmouth. Teignmouth Falmouth At the Point. In the harbour, off Kiln Quay and watch- Between the mouth of Faversham Creek and At the mouth of Milton Creek in the Swale. Glasson Dock, on the river Lune. At the entrance of the respective docks. The basin within the pier or cobb of Lyme Scilly- Harrington Woodbridge Farmouth Aberdeen Peterhead Stonehaven Ayr • Opposite the watch-house, at the entrance of the river Tyne. Low Lights, North Shields. At the entrance of the harbour. In the stream, between the piers and the tide surveyor's watch-house. At the watch-house, 1 mile from the Cus Hawker's Cove, within the harbour. St. Michael's Mount Roads. Within the line of the breakwater, viz. the At the entrance of the harbour, between Between Blockhouse Point and the north end In the roadstead, within 1 mile of the Spil In the harbour. In the harbour. Near the entrance of the harbour, in the western branch, opposite the customs watch-house and Kingston Wharf. Itchen buoy, or Bursledon buoy. Opposite the jetty, near the entrance of the • Ninth buoy, or opposite Cleveland Port. At the entrance of the harbour, near the watch house on the South pier. In the harbour. Briton Ferry, near the entrance of Neath Borrowstoness The harbour. The harbour. The harbour. Dumfries Stations for bringing-to. Rothsay Bay, lying and being within Boyany Oban Bay, in the county of Argyle, as lies The harbour. The harbour. Entrance of the harbour. Burntisland Roads, Kirkaldy Bay. Largo Bay. . In the bay, opposite the Custom-house. Stations for bringing-to. The harbour of Stranraer, Thurso Bay, within Holburn Head to the IRELAND. At the entrance of the harbours of Castle Garmoyle Roads, in Belfast Lough. Port Rush Bay, outside the harbour. Between the Spit buoy and the town of Cove. Upper Cove, on the eastern side of the Within the entrance of the harbour, between North Crook, at the entrance of the Boyne, To the eastward, or under the shelter of, Tarbert's Roads, to the southward of Tarbert Island, in the county of Kerry. Greencastle, situate on the north side of Lough Foyle. Warren Point Roads. Ballyheury Bay or Audley's Town Bay. Oyster Island. Anchorage of Killibegs. In the river, abreast of Ward Town-house. Moyne Pool. Killala Pool. Passage. The harbour. The anchorage ground at Annagh Head, in South Bay, about 10 miles from Wexford. Sup.) [It was at first intended by the American editor to annex to the present article such information concerning the topics treated in it, and having relation to the United States, as might be desirable for those occasionally to refer to who consult a commercial dictionary. On proceeding to this task, however, it became manifest to him that the execution of his design was quite impracticable in any thing like reasonable bounds. Not to speak of copying the very words of the acts of Congress, or of the sections of acts of Congress, which prescribe the course in every case to be pursued by the importer or exporter of merchandise, a digest only of these enactments, after the manner of Gordon, would occupy altogether a disproportionate space in the present work. Indeed, the space occupied by the 9th book of this author, much of which contains matter that would have a claim for insertion here, amounts to no less than 200 closely printed octavo pages. For the reason which has been stated, the reader is referred for the information in question to Story's Laws of the United States, or to Gordon's Digest of those laws.-Am. Ed.] IMPORTS AND EXPORTS, the articles imported into and exported from a country. We have explained in another article (BALANCE OF TRADE), the mode in which the value of the imports and exports is officially determined by the Custom-house, and have shown the fallacy of the common notions as to the advantage of the exports exceeding the imports. The scale of prices according to which the official value of the imports and exports is determined having been fixed so far back as 1698, the account is of no use as showing their true value; but it is of material importance as showing the fluctuations in their quantity. We were anxious, had the means existed, to have given accounts of the various articles imported and exported at different periods during the last century, that the comparative increase or diminution of the trade in each might have been exhibited in one general view. Unluckily, however, no means exist for completing such an account. The Tables published by Sir Charles Whitworth, Mr. Macpherson, and others, specify only the aggregate value of the imports from and exports to particular countries, without specifying the articles or their value of which such imports and exports consisted. And on applying at the Custom-house, we found that the fire in 1814 had destroyed the records; so that there were no means of compiling any complete account of the value of the articles imported or exported previously to that period. We therefore have been obliged to confine ourselves, except as respects the period since 1815, to an attempt to exhibit the amount of the trade with each country for such periods as seemed best calculated to show its real progress. Those selected for this purpose, in the first of the following Tables, are periods of peace; for, during war, the com merce with particular countries is liable to be extended or depressed so far beyond its natural limits as to afford no means of judging of its ordinary amount. The averages given in the Table (with the exception of 1802), are sufficiently extensive to neutralise the influence of such extraordinary circumstances (whether arising from bad harvests, the repeal or imposition of duties, or any other cause), as might materially affect an average for 2 or 3 years only; and as they extend from 1698 to 1822, they afford a pretty complete view of the progress of the foreign trade of Great Britain. This Table was compiled from official documents by Mr. Cesar Moreau, and may be safely relied on. The Tables which follow have either been copied from, or have been founded upon, official returns. Nos. IV. and V. give, in a brief space, by far the most complete view of the foreign trade of the empire during the half dozen years ending with 1835, than is anywhere to be met with. The proportional value of our export trade to different countries is, for the first time, exhibited in Table V. During the first half of last century, and previously, woollen goods formed the principal article of native produce exported from Great Britain; and next to it were hardware and cutlery, leather manufactures, linen, tin, and lead, copper and brass manufactures, coal, earthenware, provision, slops, &c. Corn formed a considerable article in the list of exports down to 1770; since which period the balance of the corn trade has been, with a few exceptions, very decidedly on the side of importation. Cotton did not begin to be of any importance as an article of export till after 1770; but since then the extension and improvement of the cotton manufacture has been so astonishingly great, that the exports of cotton stuffs and yarn amount, at this moment, to about a half of the entire exports of British produce and manufactures!-(See vol. i. p. 526.) The export of woollen goods has been comparatively stationary. The principal articles of import during the last half century have consisted of sugar, tea, corn, timber and naval stores, cotton wool, sheep's wool, woods and drugs for dyeing, wine and spirits, tobacco, silk, tallow, hides and skins, coffee, spices, bullion, &c. Of the colonial and other foreign products imported into England, considerable quantities have always been re-exported. TABLES OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS. I. Account of the Official Value of the Import and Export Trade of Great Britain with all Parts of the World, at an Annual Medium of the undermentioned Periods; specifying the separate Amount of the Trade with each Country for such Periods. Imports into Great Britain from all Parts, of all Sorts Exports from Great Britain to all Parts, of all Sorts of Countries. Europe, British and foreign. Annual Medium of Five Periods of Peace, viz. 1698-1701. 1749-1755. 1784-1792. In 1802. 1816-1822. 1698-1701. 1749-1755. 1784-1792. In 1802. £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ 1,888,176 2,135,870 3,885,999 5,915,853 4,891,885 3,114,285 4,166,669 4,761,965 15,015,209 17,010,820 1,490,904 1,533,896 2,860,914 3,123,007 3,308,502 1,451,231 3,129,499 3,187,139 7,209,291 8,324,987 Annual Medium of Five Periods of Peace, viz. 1816-1822. £ £ Foreign, North South. Ireland, Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Man, and the Whale Fishery Gibraltar (from 1801, Malta and Ionian Islands) Europe, British 5,383,463 9,291,338 10,411,023 26,430,141 31,680,002 1,795,747 2,929,816 3,219,446 3,866,720 4,527,911 9,193,015 12,997,679 13,491,568 656,031 1,119,158 3,179,136 5,794,906 7,119,152 17,421 34,279 92,252 168,863 267,869 1,029,780 2,529,998 5,252,349 12,480,870 14,042,949 Grand Total 5,569,952 8,211,346 17,716,752 31,442,318 34,921,538 6,449,594 12,220,974 18,621,942 41,411,966 53,126,195 America Europe, North Sweden 110,446 488,053 1,619,146 2,182,430 2,258,975 60,899 100,354 395,696 70,617 90,515 145,217 Denmark and Norway Prussia 140,138 155,672 196,517 39,874 87,206 294,108 427,016 422,810 117,247 818,269 1,002,881 Germany 8,005,237 8,772,871 Netherlands 4,392,617 4,337,316 Europe, South. France 77,308 84,507 British West 714,761 1,588,183 3,860,674 8,531,175 7,926,215 331,839 664,067 1,862,522 3,925,613 5,030,367 Foreign ditto (from 1808, FOREIGN TRADE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. II. Account specifying the Official and Declared Value of the Exports of British and Irish Produce and Manufacture, and the Official Value of the Exports of Foreign and Colonial Merchandise, from Great Britain to Foreign Parts; with the Official Value of the Imports into the same, also from Foreign Parts, in each Year since 1798. *Records destroyed by fire-From the year ending the 5th of January, 1815, inclusive, British produce and manufactures have been included in the returns of Irish produce, &c. from Ireland, and consequently omitted in the column headed Exports, Foreign, Colonial, and British, under which they have been previously returned. The exports from Ireland to foreign parts are inconsiderable. Their declared value, in 1835, was only 445,900.-(See post.)" III. Account showing the Quantities of the principal Articles of British and Irish Produce or Manufacture exported from Ireland in different Years, from 1801 to 1825, to all Countries; showing also the aggregate Official Value of such Exports, with the Portion thereof exported to Foreign Countries, and to Great Britain. Articles exported. Corn and meal, viz. Barley Oats Wheat Cattle and live stock Cows and oxen 1,968 6,383 Horses 818 4,186 2,503 3,140 Bacon and hams ⚫ cwt. barrels 21,161 95,073 191,025 35,261 25,381 18,454 14,791 yards 1,256 8,956 34,998 99,141 549,261 value L. other descriptions yarn Other articles the produce or manufac ture of the U. K. Agg. official value of prod. and manu- 5,569,465 7,067,252 8,404,289 The above Table shows the inconsiderable amount of the trade of Ireland with all countries, except Great Britain. In 1825, the trade between the two divisions of the empire was placed on the footing of a coasting trade, and no account has since been kept of the quantity or value of the commodities passing between them, with the exception of corn. 37,166,399 39,023,087 792,400 1,534,512 2,141,776 6,564 56,230,575 49,531,139 1,571,444 1,150,464 301 55,114,515 391,489 6,297,264 625,415 5,164,483 |