Industry in England: Historical Outlines

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Methuen, 1925 - 479 páginas

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Contenido

Physical Aspect of PreRoman Britain 8 3 5 7
11
14
16
ROMAN BRITAIN 12 The Roman Occupation
21
Roman Roads
22
Roman Towns in Britain
23
The Romans and Agriculture
25
Celtic and NonRoman Influence in Agriculture
27
Commerce and Industry in Roman Britain
31
CHAPTER III
34
The Saxon Village and its Inhabitants
37
Village Life
38
Methods of Cultivation
40
SECTION
41
CHAPTER IV
47
UBOTION
51
28
52
Evidence from Manorial Courts and Customs
55
Economic Effects of the Feudal System
57
PERIOD II
61
The Wealth of various Districts
68
Services due to the Lord from his Tenants in Villeinage
74
Description of an Eleventh Century Village
81
Rise of Towns in England
87
Agriculture the Chief Occupation of the People
112
Sheep
121
38
124
SECTION PAGE 77 Foreign Manufacture of Fine Goods
126
Flemish Settlers teach the English Weavers Norwich
127
The Worsted Industry
129
Gilds in the Cloth Trade
130
The Dyeing of Cloth
131
The Manufacturing Class and Politics 182
132
CHAPTER X
134
Staple Towns and the Merchants
135
Markets
138
The Great Fairs
140
The Fairs of Winchester and Stourbridge
142
English Medieval Ports
144
The Temporary Decay of Manufacturing Towns
145
Growth of Industrial Villages The Germs of the Modern Fac tory System
146
CHAPTER XI
149
Social Changes The Villeins and the Wagepaid Labourers
150
The Famine and the Plague
151
The Effects of the Plague on Wages
152
Prices of Provisions
155
Effects of the Plague upon the Landowners
156
the Yeomen
157
The Statute of Quia Emptores
158
The Emancipation of the Villeins
159
CHAPTER XII
161
New Social Doctrines
162
The Coming of the Friars Wiklif
163
The Renewed Exactions of the Landowners
164
Social and Political Questions
165
The Mutterings of a Storm
167
The Storm Breaks Out
168
The Result of the Revolt
170
The Condition of the English Labourer
172
Purchasing Power of Wages
175
Drawbacks
177
The Commercial and Industrial Changes of the Fifteenth Century
192
The Close of the Middle Ages
194
PERIOD IV
197
CHAPTER IX
199
The Dissolution of the Monasteries
202
Results of the Suppression
203
Pauperism
205
The Issuing of Base Coin
206
The Confiscation of the Gild Lands
207
THE CONDITION OF THE WORKING CLASSES
208
Bankruptcy and Rapacity of Edward VI s Government
209
Englands Monopoly of Wool
211
The Enclosures of the Sixteenth Century
213
Evidence of the Results of Enclosing
215
Other Economic Changes The Finances
218
Summary of the Changes of the Sixteenth Century
220
CHAPTER XV
223
Foreign Trade in the Fifteenth Century
224
The Venetian Fleet
225
The Hanseatic Leagues Station in London
227
Trade with Flanders Antwerp in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth
228
Disastrous Effects of the New Industrial System
233
CHAPTER XVI
234
Growth of Trades Unions
239
Exports of Manufactures and Foreign Trade
240
The Revival of the Craft Gilds
246
THE RISE AND DEPRESSION OF MODERN AGRICULTURE
252
Assessment of Wages by Justices The First Poor
253
The Law of Apprenticeship
259
Population
263
Rise of Price of Corn and of Rent
269
Benefits of Enclosures as Compared with the Old Common Fields
275
The Beginnings of the Struggle with Spain
285
Further Wars with France and Spain
291
Commercial Events of the Seventeenth Century Bankingthe
299
Prices and Brands of English Wool
300
CHAPTER XIX
305
Seventeenth and Eighteenth
311
CHAPTER XX
321
The Condition of the Manufacturing Population
327
THE EPOCH OF THE GREAT INVENTIONS
341
The Revolution in Manufactures and the Factories
347
The Revolution in the Mining Industries
352
CHAPTER XXII
358
English Policy towards the Colonies
364
The Great Continental
370
Politics among the Working Classes
376
Machinery and Hand Labour
383
The Beginning of the Factory Agitation
391
Ten Hours Day and Mr Sadler
397
The Various Factory Acts
403
Services Rendered by the Great Landowners
427
The Stimulus caused by the Bounties
433
The Depression in Modern Agriculture
439
The Labourer and the Land
445
CHAPTER XXVI
453
Revolution in the Means of Transit
458
England and other Nations Wars
464
The Present Mercantile System Foreign Markets
471
CHAPTER XXVII
477

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Página 65 - Edward; who then held it ; its value in the time of the late king ; and its value as it stood at the formation of the survey. So minute was the survey, that the writer of the contemporary portion of the Saxon Chronicle...
Página 325 - At every considerable house there was a manufactory. Every clothier keeps one horse at least to carry his manufactures to the market ; and every one generally keeps a cow or two or more for his family. By this means the small pieces of enclosed land about each house are occupied, for they scarce sow corn enough to feed their poultry. The houses are full of lusty fellows, some at the dye-vat, some at the looms, others dressing the cloths ; the women and children carding or spinning ; being all employed,...
Página 344 - ... into Ireland to sell: Neither doth their industry rest here, for they buy cotton wool in London, that comes first from Cyprus and Smyrna, and at home worke the...
Página 194 - Manutius, at the close of the fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth century...
Página 363 - To found a great empire for the sole purpose of raising up a people of customers, may at first sight appear a project fit only for a nation of shopkeepers.
Página 199 - He is a prince of most royal courage ; rather than miss any part of his will, he will endanger one half of his kingdom; and I do assure you, I have often kneeled before him, sometimes for three hours together, to persuade him from his appetite and could not prevail.
Página 243 - And some of these are ashamed of their right names; they have a vizard to hide the brand made by that good law in the last Parliament of King James; they shelter themselves under the name of a corporation ; they make bye-laws, which serve their turns to squeeze us, and fill their purses; unface these and they will prove as bad cards as any in the pack.
Página 215 - ... be hanged (God knows how justly), or to go about and beg? And if they do this, they are put in prison as idle vagabonds ; while they would willingly work, but can find none that will hire them ; for there is no more occasion for country labour, to which they have been bred, when there is no arable ground left.
Página 168 - I shall die for the cause of the freedom we have won, counting myself happy to end my life by such a martyrdom. Do then to-day as you would have done had I been killed yesterday.
Página 274 - This sort of people have a certain pre-eminence, and more estimation than labourers and the common sort of artificers, and these commonly live wealthily, keep good houses, and travel to get riches.

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