to the enactment of the present law (appropriation act approved February 19, 1897) prescribing the basis of selection; and the application of the law to the second group (appointed between July 1, 1897, and April 5, 1899) is but imperfectly shown by our records, no form of application being then in use which set forth the education, training, or experience of the applicant. Such data as are of record regarding them are embodied in the statements (form appended, marked "A") which I invited from them after I took office. These are, no doubt, imperfectly descriptive of the qualifications of these employees, and are certainly imperfect as an indication of their present "fitness" after years in the service. To give them would not seem wholly just either to the employees or to the appointing executive, and I do not attempt to forward them until certain that they are required.a

I can therefore answer with certainty and completeness only as to the 236 present employees appointed since I took office (April 5, 1899).

The list is therefore in three divisions:

I. Of present employees appointed since April 5, 1899.

II. Of present employees appointed between July 1, 1897, and April 5, 1899. III. Of present employees who were in the Library at the time of removal from the Capitol.

The entire present pay roll of the Library service proper, including copyright office, is thus covered. In Division I, under each employee, is given the date of his appointment, his actual (legal) residence when appointed, his antecedent education, training, and experience [indicated briefly, as desired], the salary and position to which he was appointed, and the position and salary now held by him. Under Divisions II and III the facts as to his antecedent education, training, and experience are omitted.

Recommendations.-One question I can not answer without conveying a false impression. It is question 4. It calls for "the names of all persons who recommended the appointment of each employee." The law (appropriation act approved April 19, 1897) specfies that all persons employed in said Library of Congress under the Librarian shall be appointed solely with reference to their fitness for their particular duties." It makes no provision for appointments upon "recommendation:" and our records naturally fail to show a basis of appointment not authorized by law.

*

**

The form of application [appended, marked "D"] invites the applicant to name not exceeding six persons who know him personally, and not exceeding six who know personally of his fitness. He is of course at liberty to file letters from these and from other persons. Still others may write to us in his behalf, but not at his instance, and some in answer to direct inquiry from us. All such commendations are on file, but their influence, if any, in the decision is not indicated. The names of the writers could be drawn off; but the mere names, even where significant at all, would not be uniformly significant, and would augment the statement greatly without adding to its value. The only occasion for recourse to them would seem to be where the qualifications of an applicant were not apparent from his education or experience, and some other explanation had to be sought for his appointment.

Examinations.—Question 6 asks, “What, if any, examinations have been made testing the ability and fitness of applicants before appointed [appointment]?" The present method of selection, in vogue since April 5, 1899, is as follows: Applicants are required to fill out in their own handwriting a form [appended marked "B"] which tabulates information desired, particularly their education, special training, library experience, business experience, and special accomplishments, languages, stenography, or other facts suggestive of fitness. The answers and the method of answer are in themselves informing. Where special library training is claimed, its value can be estimated from our knowledge of the library schools; where experience in a library, by our knowledge of the scope and methods of that library. To this general knowledge is added a particular report as to the efficiency of the applicant, secured by direct inquiry of the head of the library school or library, the reply to which is confidential. For all save the minor positions, and for most of these, there is added the impression gained in personal interviews.

a On December 17, 1897, a resolution was adopted by the Senate similar in scope and almost in phraseology with the present one, omitting, however, question 4. It was answered by my predecessor on December 28, 1897. I append a copy [marked "C"] of his answer [Fifty-fifth Congress, second session, December, 42].

When a vacancy exists all the applications appropriate to it, together with the accompanying papers, are examined by the chief of the division in which it exists. He is free to call for more information concerning an applicant and to secure it, by correspondence or otherwise. He then submits a list of, usually, a half dozen names, in the order of his preference. His examination is checked by the chief clerk and reviewed by the Librarian.

An applicant is thus, in conference, selected, not for appointment, but for a test in actual work during a probationary period. This period, never less than three, generally six, months, and sometimes longer, constitutes the "examination" proper. At the end of it the candidate is dropped unless then recommended by his chief for appointment to the regular service.

No system of examination seems to have been in vogue during the administration of my predecessor, though in April, 1898, one noncompetitive examination by written questions was held of employees in the service appointed by him on probation prior to that date.

As a question raised is as to the qualifications at the time of appointment, the list is arranged according to the salaries received at the time of appointment. Very respectfully,

Hon. FREDERICK H. GILLETT.

HERBERT PUTNAM,

Librarian of Congress.

Chairman Committee on Reform in the Civil Service,

House of Representatives.

DIVISION I.

APPOINTMENTS APRIL, 1899, TO DATE.

Employees who entered the service at $5,000.

Mem

Putnam, Herbert, Massachusetts.-Harvard College, A. B.; Hon. Litt. D. Bowdoin, 1898. Columbia College School of Law (one year). Member Minnesota bar. Librarian Minneapolis Athenæum, 1884-1889. Librarian Minneapolis Public Library, 1889-1891. Librarian Boston Public Library, 1895-1899. ber of bar, Suffolk County (Boston), Mass., in active practice, 1892–1895. President Massachusetts Library Club, 1896-97. President American Library Association. Entered service, 1899, Librarian of Congress, $5,000. Present position, Librarian of Congress, $6,000.

Employees who have entered the service at $3,000.

Ford, Worthington C., New York.-Public and polytechnic schools of Brooklyn, N. Y. Columbia College, New York (two and one-half years). Editorial staff New York Herald. Chief Bureau of Statistics, Department of State, 1885-1889. Chief Bureau of Statistics, Treasury Department, 1893-1898. Chief division of manuscripts and documents, Boston Public Library. Collector of Americana; authority on sources of American history; author of various works on American history; editor of the writings of Washington, etc. Languages: French, German, Italian. Entered service, 1902, chief division of manuscripts, $3,000. Present position, chief division of manuscripts, $3.000.

Employees who have entered the service at $2,500.

Scott, George W., Illinois.-Stanford University, A. B. Cornell University, law, political science, etc. University of Chicago. University of Pennsylvania, LL. B., Ph. D. Columbia University. Instructor, Armour Institute of Technology. Instructor in public law, University of Pennsylvania, 1901-1903. Member of bar of Philadelphia and supreme court of Pennsylvania. With Carnegie Institution, engaged in research in comparative jurisprudence. Languages French, German, Spanish. Entered service, 1903, chief of division of law, $2,500. Present position, chief of division of law, $2,500.

Employees who entered the service at $2,000.

Parsons, Arthur J., Massachusetts.-Private school (Noble's) at Boston; full preparation for Harvard College. Foreign travel. Study of art collections in France. Collector of prints, and connoisseur. Entered service 1900; chief of division of prints, $2,000. Present position, chief of division of prints, $2,000. Sonneck, O. G. T., New Jersey.-Public school, Hoboken, N. J. Kiel, Germany. Ober-Realschule Kieler Gelehrtenschule. Kaiser Friedrichs Gymnasium in Frankfort. University of Heidelberg, specializing in history and theory of music. University of Munich, specializing in history and theory of music. Conservatory, Sonderhausen, Germany (conducting). Composer. Since 1896 writer on musical subjects in American, German, and Italian reviews. Compiler of bibliography of early secular American music. Author of "Francis Hopkinson and James Lyon" and of "History of Secular American Music in the Eighteenth Century," etc. Student of musical collections of American and foreign libraries— Munich, Vienna, Bologna, Florence, Berlin, Paris, etc. Languages: "Read. write, and speak German, French, and Italian." Entered service 1902, chief division of music, $2,000. Present position, chief division of music, $2,000.

Employees who entered the service at $1,800.

Burchard, Edward L., Illinois.-Beloit College, Beloit, Wis., Ph. B. University of Chicago, post-graduate course in geology (one term). Chief clerk mines department, Chicago Exposition, 1891-1893. Recorder and librarian Field Columbian Museum, 1894–1896 (in charge publications). Editorial staff The Inland Printer, Chicago, 1897. Chief library and archives, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1898-1903. Acting librarian Department of Commerce and Labor, six months, 1903. Stenography and typewriting. Languages: French, German, Latin. Entered service, 1904, in charge of publications, $1,800. Present position, chief of order division, $2,500.

McGuffey, Margaret D., Massachusetts.-Private school (Miss Armstrong's), Cincinnati, Ohio. New York State Library School, 1893-94, 1894-95. Boston Public Library, in charge of issue department, 1895-1905. Languages: Reading knowledge German, French, and Italian. Entered service 1905, Librarian's secretary, $1,800. Present position, Librarian's secretary, $1,800.

Perley, Clarence W., Illinois.---Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 18841887 and 1894-1896, B. S., 1896 (biology). Amherst Library School. With engi neering concerns, 1897-98. Assistant. department of biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Assistant in charge engineering library, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1898-1900. Classifier, John Crerar Library, Chicago, 1900-1902. Library of Congress, 1902–1903. Chief classifier John Crerar Library, 1903-1905. Languages: German (two years), Italian, Spanish, Latin (three and one-half years), French (three and one-half years). Entered service, 1905, classifier, $1,800. Present position, classifier, $1,800.

Thompson, J. David, West Virginia.-Victoria University, Owens College, Manchester, England, B. Sc., 1892; M. Sc., 1895; first in first honors school of mathematics, with Derby scholarship for special merit. Cambridge University. Trinity College, B. A., 1895; M. A., 1899; sixteenth wrangler mathematical tripos; Part II, natural science tripos (physics and chemistry); major foundation scholar of Trinity College, 1894-1898. London University, B. Sc., 1893; university exhibitioner. Honors in mathematics and physics. Lecturer and demonstrator in physics and physical chemistry and lecturer in mathematics, University College, Sheffield, England. Lecturer in applied mathematics, University of Chicago. Assistant professor of mathematics, University of West Virginia. In charge of magnetic survey of West Virginia. Observer in total eclipse party, 1900, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. Representative of scientific departments on library committee of faculty, University of West Virginia. Foreign travel. Languages: Reading knowledge French, German, Latin, Greek; slight, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Danish. Entered service 1901, cataloguer, $1,800. Present position, chief, division of documents, $3,000.

Employees who entered the service at $1,600.

Ashley, Frederick W., Ohio.-Adelbert College, A. B., A. M. Yale Divinity School (one year). University scholar, Harvard, part of 1891-92. New York State Library School. Librarian, Painesville, Ohio, public library. Instructor

in Latin, 1887-1891, and principal, 1892–1897, Western Reserve Academy, Hudson, Ohio. Typewriting, bookkeeping. Languages: Cataloguing knowledge of French, German, Latin, Greek. Entered service 1900, assistant copyright office, $1,600. Present position, chief clerk, copyright office, $2,000.

Employees who entered the service at $1,500.

Brockett. Paul, Illinois.-Columbian University (scientific course). Recorder department of anthropology, United States National Museum. Stenography and typewriting. Languages: French, German. Entered service 1902, in charge Smithsonian deposit, $1,500. Present position, in charge Smithsonian deposit, $1,500.

Disserud, Juul, Illinois.-University of Christiania, Norway, A. B., 1884 ; A. M., 1886; candidatus philogiæ, 1892. Teacher of languages in Norwegian College. Field Columbian Museum, 1894-1900 (assistant librarian, 1894-1897; librarian, 1897-1900). Languages: Scandinavian languages (including Old Norse). German, French, and English (including Anglo-Saxon, Old French, and Old German). These and Latin reads fluently, and fair knowledge of Italian and Spanish; some knowledge of Dutch. Entered service 1900, cataloguer, $1,500. Present position, cataloguer, $1,500.

Flagg, Charles A., Massachusetts.—Partridge Academy, Duxbury, Mass., 1887-1889. Bowdoin College, A. B., 1894. New York State Library School (graduated with honor). Assistant Bowdoin College Library. Assistant New York State Library, 1896-1900. Languages: Latin, French, Spanish, Greek, and German. Entered service 1900, reviser, catalogue division, $1,500. Present position, reviser, catalogue division, $1,500.

Koenig, Walther F., Pennsylvania.-University of Leipzig, Germany, 18801883. University of Pennsylvania, 1890-1891, Ph. D. Assistant to librarian, University of Pennsylvania, 1890-1900. Languages: German, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and the Scandinavian languages. Entered service 1900, reviser, catalogue division, $1,500. Present position, reviser, catalogue division, $1,800.

Lan

Neumann, Felix, Illinois.-Altstaedtisches Gymnasium, Koenigsberg, Prussia, 1865-1877. Twenty-three years' experience in the scientific book trade. guages: German, French, Italian, Spanish, Dutch, Latin, Greek, Hebrew. Entered service 1900, assistant, $1,500. Present position, assistant, order division, $1,500.

Stefansson, Steingrimur, Illinois.-College, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1876-1881. University at Copenhagen, 1882-1886; degrees in psychology and mathematics. Newberry Library. Chicago, 1892-1894 (cataloguing, classification, etc.). Languages: Icelandic, Latin, Greek, modern Scandinavian languages, German, French, Spanish, Dutch, Portuguese, some Russian and Roumanian, Italian. Entered service 1899, cataloguer, $1,500. Present position, cataloguer, $1,800.

Employees who entered the service at $1,200.

Boyd, Allen R., District of Columbia.-Public schools of Boston, Mass. With Baldwin & Co., cotton factors, Savannah, Ga. Secretary to manager, to receiver, and for receivers, Choctaw Coal and Railway Company (now Choctaw, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway), Indian Territory. Confidential clerk to Secretary of Interior, 1893–1895. Secretary of Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes, 1895. With James Boyd & Bro.. Philadelphia, Pa. Stenography and typewriting. Entered service, 1899; librarian's secretary, $1,200. Present position, chief clerk, $2,500.

Cole, William H., Colorado.-University of Illinois, 1877-78. University of Nebraska, 1881-82. Clerk, Eleventh Census, 1890-1894. Clerk, Twelfth Census, 1900-1902. Business experience. Entered service, 1902; assistant correspondence division copyright office, $1,200. Present position, first assistant correspondence division, copyright office, $1,400.

Dougherty, Harold T., Massachusetts.-Harvard College, 1896-1898. Columbian University, 1902-3. Cambridge (Mass.) Public Library, nine years. Library of Congress, 1900-1902. Documents library, Government Printing Office, 1902-3. Typewriting. Languages, "slight knowledge." Entered service, 1904; periodical clerk. copyright office, $1,200. Present position, periodical clerk, copyright office, $1,200.

Johnston, W. D., Rhode Island.-Nashua High School, 1885-1888. Brown University, 1889-1893, A. B. University of Chicago, 1893-94. Harvard University, 1897-98, A. M. Instructor in history, University of Michigan, 1894– 1897; Fall River High School, 1898-99; Brown University, 1899-1900. Special work, Harvard University library. Languages: German, Spanish, French, Dutch, Italian, Portugese, Latin, Greek. Entered service, 1900; cataloguer, $1,200. Present position, cataloguer, bibliographer, $1,500.

Jones, Cecil K., California.-University of California, 1897. Assistant Librarian, University of California, 1893–1900. Assistant in Latin, University of California. Languages: Reading knowledge of Latin, French, Spanish; "some Greek, Italian, and German." Entered service, 1900, cataloguer and reviser, $1,200. Present position, cataloguer and reviser, $1,400.

Kelton, Anna C., California.-High School, Washington (graduate). Columbian University, B. S. Columbian University Library School. Assistant librarian, Department of Agriculture. Stenographer, division of chemistry, Department of Agriculture. Languages: Knowledge of French and German. Entered service, stenographer and typewriter, copyright office, $1,200. Present position, secretary and translator, copyright office, $1,400.

Leonard, Charles G., Maryland.-Baltimore City College (public school). Clerk, Tenth Census. 1880-1884. Appointment clerk, Eleventh Census, 18891894. Private secretary to mayor of Baltimore. Secretary, park commission, Baltimore. Clerk, Twelfth Census. Stenography and typewriting. Bookkeeper, "expert penman." Entered service, 1902, clerk, copyright office, $1,200. Present position, clerk, copyright office, $1,200.

Meyer, II. H. B.. New York.-High School. Brooklyn, N. Y., graduated. 1881. Columbia University School of Mines, 1881-1885, E. M. Pratt Institute Library School. Cataloguer (reviser), New York Public Library (Astor Branch). Engineering experience. Languages: German, French. Entered service, 1905, cataloguer. $1,200. Present position, acting chief periodical division, $2,000.

Miller, William A., Kansas.-Common schools. Librarian, public library. Council Grove, Kans. In charge of index and record card system, office of Chief of Ordnance, War Department. Proof reader. Typewriting. Expert penman. Entered service, 1900, clerk, copyright office, $1,200. Present position, clerk, copyright office, $1,400.

Parsons, Francis H., District of Columbia.-Private schools. Berlitz School of Languages, Washington. United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, 18731894 (for three years chief of the library and archives). Computer, United States Naval Observatory, 1894–1900. Languages: Some knowledge of French ; very limited knowledge of German. Entered service, 1900; first assistant. Smithsonian Deposit, $1.200. Present position, first assistant, Smithsonian Deposit, $1.200.

Runner. Emma A., New York.-Cornell University, 1882-1886, B. S. Cornell University Library, 1893–1900 (1895-1899 cataloguer of Zarneke collection). Languages: French, German, Italian, Spanish; working knowledge of Latin, Greek, Russian, Portuguese, and Dutch; cataloguing experience in Germanic and Romance languages. Entered service, 1900; cataloguer, $1,200. Present position, in charge proof-reading section, catalogue division, $1,500.

Schmidt. A. F. W., California.- Mount Angel College, Oregon. A. B., A. M. Stanford University. A. B. Cataloguer at Leland Stanford Junior University, 1894-95; head assistant, 1895-96; in charge Hopkins Railway Library (also assistant in English Anglo-Saxon); instructor in German, 1897-1900; head classifier, 1900-1901. Languages: Greek, Latin, French, Dutch, German, Old High German, Old Saxon, Middle High German, Gothic, Old Norse, Anglo-Saxon, Middle English; a little Norwegian. Swedish, Italian, Spanish, and Danish. Entered service, 1902; classifier, $1,200. Present position, classifier, catalogue division, $1.500.

Skinner. Eliza J., West Virginia.-Princeton (Iil.) High School. Student at Zurich. Heidelberg, and Paris. Did not matriculate. Library school, Armour Institute of Technology, 1896–97. Librarian, Matson Public Library, Princeton, Ill. Instructor in cataloguing. Summer School Library Science. Madison, Wis. Organizer first, librarian afterwards, library of University of West Virginia. Languages: French, German. Entered service, 1902; cataloguer, $1,200. Present position, cataloguer and reviser, $1,400.

Stuntz. Stephen C., Wisconsin.--Monroe (Wis.) High School. University of Wisconsin, B. S. Assistant librarian, Monroe Public Library. Assistant, library of University of Wisconsin. Typewriting, proof reading. Languages: Reading