ROBERT W. NEWMAN.

ROFESSOR ROBERT W. NEWMAN is descended from

PROFES

one of the oldest families of Virginia. His grandfather, Robert Newman, served with distinction in the army during the Revolutionary War, and was honorably discharged. His father, Catesby Newman, was a soldier in the American army during the last war with Great Britain. Robert W. Newman, the subject of this sketch, was born and educated in Virginia, and, shortly after his graduation from college, was made Associate Principal of the Winchester High School, in that State, which position he occupied for two years, and then became proprietor and principal in the Winchester Female Seminary, in September, 1855.

In April, 1858, he was elected Principal of the Harford Academy, the State institution, located near Baltimore, Maryland, which position he retained until July, 1864, when, owing to the deplorable condition into which the society of the Border States had been thrown, he yielded to the importunities of his family, and removed to New York. Deeming the unhappy state of affairs likely to last for years, he established himself in Peekskill, in the State of New York, in January, 1865, where he has since resided.

His arrest took place at Belair, near Baltimore, in the latter part of June, 1863, and was made by Lieutenant Offley, at the head of a detachment of Delaware cavalry, stationed in Baltimore, and commanded by the notorious Colonel Fish, then acting as Provost Marshal of the city. The same individual was afterward convicted of defrauding the Federal Government in contracts for supplying horses, and sent to the Albany State Penitentiary to expiate his crime. Prof. Newman's arrest was made by the Lieutenant, without a

wairant or any formula of law, other than such as he was invested with by the orders of Colonel Fish.

The prisoner was forced from his house before daylight, taken to the County Jail, and there confined for several days, without chair, table, or bed, the necessary conveniences that are furnished even to a culprit. He was treated as a con demned felon, or even worse. After much pleading, his fam ily were permitted to furnish him with a bed and provisions, while confined in the jail. Thence he was taken, under an escort of cavalrymen, to Havre de Grace, about twenty miles distant, to which place he would have been compelled to walk, but that the humane Offley, after much persuasion, permitted him to obtain a conveyance, with the express stipulation that he should pay for it himself.

arriving there, he was thrust into a guard-house, with the most abject specimens of humanity, and there compelled to remain two days and nights, and partake of the miserable rations furnished to them; and worse than all, to sleep upon a floor, the stench from which was scarcely endurable.

From Havre de Grace, he was taken by rail to Baltimore, and placed in close confinement in the Gilmor House, which was formerly used as a hotel, but then the headquarters of Colonel Fish. Here he was treated with the utmost rigor, and subjected to all the privations and petty tyrannies that the ingenuity of the Marshal and his officers could invent. Unfortunately for the honor of the Federal Army, it was disgraced by too many such officers as assisted Colonel Fish in his nefarious work.

After the excitement incident to the Battle of Gettysburg. had subsided, part of the prisoners were transferred to Fort McHenry, in the harbor, and the remaining few, including the Professor, were permitted to provide-at their own expense food and bedding, and thus in a manner to mitigate their sufferings. Those who have never been deprived of their liberty, or felt the restraints of a prison, have no adequate conception of the sufferings endured by those who, be it remembered, were refined and cultivated gentlemen, mostly

from the higher walks of life, and who were especially sensitive to the treatment which they received at the hands of the officers in charge. The treatment imposed on prisoners of state could have had but one object, and that was, to destroy their manly bearing and self-respect, which it was thought would, ever after, deter them from expressing their views concerning any act of the Administration, no matter of how violent or heinous a nature it might be. This object was steadily pursued in the majority of cases, and was made particularly severe in case the victim was a man of more than average intelligence or influence.

In the latter part of July, 1863, after about a month's imprisonment, Professor Newman was released, and in his case, as in thousands of others, no charges were preferred against him. During the period of his incarceration his property was injured, and his library and apparatus at the Harford Academy were partially destroyed or carried off by soldiers, urged on to this deed of vandalism by some of the "trooly loil" gentlemen of his community, who were carry ing out their Master's precept: "Whatsoever ye would the men should do to you, do ye even so to them."

HON. BUCKNER S. MORRIS.

UDGE BUCKNER S. MORRIS, whose unjust imprison

JUDGE

ment and suffering, together with his trial before a Military Commission, in Cincinnati, during the winter of 1864, and which created so much excitement throughout the country, and particularly in the West, is sixty-eight years of age. He was admitted to the bar in 1827, and subsequently served several years as a member of the Legislature of his native State, Kentucky. In 1834, he removed to Chicago, Illinois, then a small village of about five hundred inhabitants. Here he opened an office, and soon became widely known as an eminent legal practitioner. In 1851, he was elected Judge of the Seventh Judicial Circuit of Illinois, which position he filled with marked ability until 1855, when he declined a renomination on account of failing health. He then retired from public life, and sought to restore his health in the quietude of his home.

In the contest for the United States Senatorship, in 1858, between Stephen A. Douglas and Abraham Lincoln, Judge Morris and his friends lent the weight of their influence in favor of the election of Douglas, who was returned to the Senate. During the exciting times of 1860, Judge Morris permitted his name to be used as a candidate for the Governorship of Illinois, on the Bell and Everett National Union ticket, hoping thereby to defeat the sectional Republican ticket, the success of which then threatened civil war. Judge Morris and Mr. Lincoln were personal and political friends for more than twenty years. They served together in the Whig party as Electors at large, during the Harrison campaign of 1840. But after Mr. Lincoln became the advocate

of Abolition principles, their political and social fellowship ceased.

In 1861, when civil war burst like a storm over the country, when the soil became deluged with the best blood of the nation, when the maddened people of both sections were applying the knife to the throats of their brethren, the Judge was solicited to take an active part in the contest, but declined to do so, continuing to devote his time to his profession and his own private business matters, in and out of

court.

In the fall of 1864, Colonel Sweet, commandant at Camp Douglas, who desired to be brevetted a brigadier-general, together with one or two candidates for office, confederated together for the purpose of gaining notoriety. They conceived the happy thought, the execution of which being popular among the people, would give them the desired influence, and at the same time assist their master. The arrest of a num ber of Democrats was then determined on, to demoralize the party, and deter hundreds of others from voting.

Accordingly, at 2 o'clock A.M., on the 6th of November, 1864, the day before the Presidential election, Judge Morris and a number of others were severally taken from their beds oy military force, and conveyed to Camp Douglas. The cells in which they were placed were damp, filthy, and literally swarming with vermin. Here the Judge remained until the return of Captain Sheerley from Buffalo, N. Y., who (as the Judge was informed) caused his removal to a much better and cleaner room, near his headquarters. In the early part of December, his wife, Mrs. Mary B. Morris, was also arrested by a captain of the Invalid corps, and brought to Camp Douglas. By the kindness of Captain Sheerley, they were given a room at his headquarters, and permitted to furnish their own bedding and furniture.

Here, they remained incarcerated until the 23d of the same month. They were then removed, in company with eight or ten others, to Cincinnati, Ohio, for trial, some three hundred miles from their witnesses, friends, and homes, and in viola