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They are punishable by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding one year, or by fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or both.

[Original act became a law January 25, 1881.]

SEC. 322. No conspiracies other than those enumerated in the preceding sections are punishable criminally,

[Original act became a law January 25, 1881.]

SEC. 323. No agreement, except to commit a felony upon the person of another, or to commit arson or burglary, amounts to a conspiracy, unless some act, beside such agreement, be done to effect the object thereof, by one or more of the parties to the agreement.

[Original act became a law January 25, 1881.]

SEC. 325. The provisions of this chapter do not apply to any arrangement, agreement or combination between laborers made with the object of lessening the number of hours of labor, or increasing wages, nor to persons engaged in horticulture or agriculture, with a view of enhancing the price of their products. [Original act approved February 19, 1895.]

PART I-TITLE IX-CHAPTER XI.-Protection of discharged employees, blacklisting, etc.

SEC. 656. Every person who violates any of the provisions of *** [sections 3390, 3391 and 3392] of the Political Code, relating to the protection of discharged employees, and the prevention of blacklisting is guilty of a misdemeanor.

[Original act approved March 6, 1891.]

PART I-TITLE XI.—Importation of armed men for police duty prohibited.

SEC. 759. Every person who brings into this State an armed person or armed body of men for the preservation of the peace or the suppression of domestic violence, except at the solicitation and by the permission of the legislative assembly or of the governor, is punishable by imprisonment in the State prison not exceeding ten years and by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars. [Original act approved February 19, 1895.]

NEBRASKA.

COMPILED STATUTES OF 1899.

PART I-CHAPTER 91a.—Antitrust act-Exception in favor of laborers.

SECTION 5343a. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent any assemblies or associations of laboring men from passing and adopting such regulations as they may think proper, in reference to wages and the compensation of labor, and such assemblies and associations shall retain-and there is hereby reserved to them-all the rights and privileges now accorded to them by law, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding.

[Original act approved March 29, 1889.]

PART III-CHAPTER 23.-Importation of men for police duty prohibited.

SEC. 6967. It shall be unlawful for any person or persons or association, company, or corporation to bring or import into this State any person or persons, or association of persons for the purpose of discharging the duties devolving upon the police officers, sheriffs, or constables in the protection or preservation of public or private property.

SEC. 6968. No sheriff, mayor, or chief of police, or members of the board of police commissioners shall appoint any under sheriff or deputy for the protection of public or private property except the person so appointed shall be a resident of this State. SEC. 6969. Any person or persons violating any of the provisions of this act shall be punished by imprisonment in the penitentiary for not less than one year nor more than three years. And if any company, association, or corporation shall be guilty of violating this act such company, association, or corporation shall be punished by a fine of not less than one thousand ($1,000) dollars nor more than five thousand ($5,000) dollars.

[Original act approved April 10, 1893.]

NEVADA.

GENERAL STATUTES OF 1885.

Conspiracy.

SECTION 4660 (as amended by chap. 79, acts of 1887). If two or more persons shall conspire either to commit any offense * * * or to commit any acts injurious to the public health, to public morals or to trade or commerce, or for the perversion or obstruction of justice or due administration of the laws, they shall, on conviction, be punished by imprisonment in the county jail not more than six months, or by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars; Provided, That it shall not be necessary to procure conviction under this section, to prove any overt act done in pursuance of said conspiracy; And provided further, That no part of this act shall be construed in any court of this State to restrict or prohibit the orderly and peaceably assembling or cooperation of persons employed in any profession trade or handicraft for the purpose of securing an advance in the rate of wages, or compensation, or for the maintenance of such rate.

[Original act approved November 26, 1861.]

ACTS OF 1895.

CHAPTER LXXV.—Blacklisting, etc.

SECTION 1. Any person, association, company, or corporation within this State, or agent, or officer, on behalf of such person, association, company, or corporation, who shall hereafter willfully do anything intended to prevent any person who shall have for any cause left or been discharged from his or its employ from obtaining employment elsewhere in this State, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of not less than fifty ($50) dollars, nor more than two hundred and fifty ($250) dollars for each such offense, or imprisonment in the county jail at the rate of one day for each two ($2) dollars of such fine. Approved March 15, 1895.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

PUBLIC STATUTES OF 1891.

CHAPTER 264.-Attempting to prevent pursuit of business or occupation.

SECTION 2. No person shall address any offensive, derisive, or annoying word to any other person who is lawfully in any street or other public place, nor call him by any offensive or derisive name, nor make any noise or exclamation in his presence and hearing with intent to deride, offend, or annoy him, or to prevent him from pursuing his lawful business or occupation.

CHAPTER 266.-Intimidation, etc., of employers or employees.

SEC. 12. If any person shall interfere in any way whatever to injure or damage another in his person or property, while engaged in his lawful business, trade, or occupation, or while on the way to or from the same, or shall endeavor to prevent any person from engaging in his lawful business, trade, or calling, he shall be fined not exceeding five hundred dollars, or be imprisoned not exceeding one year. [Original act approved August 28, 1885.]

NEW JERSEY.

GENERAL STATUTES OF 1895.

PAGE 2344.--Labor combinations not unlawful.

SECTION 23. It shall not be unlawful for any two or more persons to unite, combine or bind themselves by oath, covenant, agreement, alliance or otherwise, to persuade, advise or encourage, by peaceable means, any person or persons to enter into any combination for or against leaving or entering into the employment of any person, persons or corporation.

[Original act approved February 14, 1883.]

PAGE 2696.-Strikes of railroad employees.

WHEREAS, strikes by locomotive engineers and other railroad employees, and the abandonment by them of their engines and trains at points other than their schedule destination, endangers the safety of passengers and subjects shippers of freight to great inconvenience, delay and loss; therefore,

SEC. 245. If any locomotive engineer or other railroad employee upon any railroad within this State, engaged in any strike, or with a view to incite others to such strike, or in furtherance of any combination or preconcerted arrangement with any other person to bring about a strike, shall abandon the locomotive engine in his charge, when attached either to a passenger or freight train, at any place other than the schedule or otherwise appointed destination of such train, or shall refuse or neglect to continue to discharge his duty, or to proceed with said train to the place of destination as aforesaid, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon convietion thereof shall be fined not less than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars, and may be imprisoned for a term not exceeding six months, at the discretion of the court.

SEC. 246. If any locomotive engineer or other railroad employee within this State, for the purpose of furthering the object of or lending aid to any strike or strikes organized or attempted to be maintained on any other railroad, either within or without this State, shall refuse or neglect, in the course of his employment, to aid in the movement over and upon the tracks of the company employing him of the cars of such other railroad company, received therefrom in the course of transit, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not less than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars, and may be imprisoned for a term not exceeding six months, at the discretion of the court.

SEC. 247. If any person, in aid or furtherance of the objects of any strike upon any railroad, shall interfere with, molest or obstruct any locomotive engineer or other railroad employee engaged in the discharge and performance of his duty as such, every person so offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars, and may be imprisoned for a term not exceeding six months, at the discretion of the court.

SEC. 248. If any person or persons, in aid or furtherance of the objects of any strike, shall obstruct any railroad track within this State, or shall injure or destroy the rolling stock or any other property of any railroad company, or shall take possession of or remove any such property, or shall prevent or attempt to prevent the use thereof by such railroad company or its employees, or shall, by offer of recompense, induce any employee of any railroad company within this State to leave the service of such company while in transit, every such person offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not exceeding five hundred dollars, and may be imprisoned not more than one year, at the discretion of the court. [Original act approved March 9, 1877.]

ACTS OF 1898.

CHAPTER 235.-Conspiracy.

SECTION 37. Any two or more persons who shall lawfully agree, unite, combine or confederate together to do any unlawful act, or any two or more persons who shall unlawfully agree, unite, combine or confederate together to do any lawful act, shall be deemed guilty of a conspiracy and be liable to the same penalty as persons convicted of a misdemeanor, but no agreement to commit any crime other than arson, burglary, manslaughter, murder, rape, robbery, or sodomy, shall be deemed a conspiracy, unless some act in execution of such agreement be done to effect the object thereof by one or more of the parties to such agreement. Approved June 14, 1898.

NEW MEXICO.

COMPILED LAWS OF 1897.

TITLE VII-CHAPTER II.-Citizens only to act as peace officers.

SECTION 743. Hereafter no sheriff of a county, mayor of a city, or other person authorized by law to appoint special deputy sheriffs, special constables, marshals, policemen or other peace officers in the Territory of New Mexico, to preserve the public peace and to prevent and quell public disturbances, shall appoint as such spe

cial deputy sheriff, special constable, marshal, policeman or other peace officer, any person who shall not be a citizen of the Territory of New Mexico, and no person shall assume or exercise the functions, powers, duties and privileges incident and belonging to the office of special deputy sheriff, special constable, marshal or policeman or other peace officer without first having received his appointment in writing from the lawfully constituted authorities of the Territory of New Mexico: Provided, That nothing in this section shall apply to lawfully appointed United States marshals, or to the deputies of any such marshals.

SEC. 744. Any person or persons who shall in the Territory of New Mexico, without due authority, exercise or attempt to exercise the functions of, or hold himself or themselves out to anyone as a deputy sheriff, marshal, policeman, constable or police or other peace officer, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be liable, at the discretion of the court, to imprisonment at hard labor not to exceed one year, or a fine not to exceed five hundred dollars, or both such fine and imprisonment, if the court shall deem it proper in the furtherance of justice: Provided, This act shall not apply in times of riot or unusual disturbance, and when so declared by the public proclamation of the governor of the Territory of New Mexico.

[Original act approved February 26, 1891.]

NEW YORK.

BIRDSEYE'S REVISED STATUTES, CODES, AND GENERAL LAWS-1896.

PAGE 464.-Coercion.

A person, who with a view to compel another person to do or to abstain from doing an act which such other person has a legal right to do or to abstain from doing, wrongfully and unlawfully,

1. Uses violence or inflicts injury upon such other person or his family, or a member thereof, or upon his property or threatens such violence or injury; or

2. Deprives any such person of any tool, implement or clothing or hinders him in the use thereof; or

3. Uses or attempts the intimidation of such person by threats or force,

Is guilty of a misdemeanor.

[Original act passed July 26, 1881.]

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5. To prevent another from exercising a lawful trade or calling, or doing any other lawful act, by force, threats, intimidation, or by interfering or threatening to interfere with tools, implements, or property belonging to or used by another, or with the use or employment thereof; or

6. To commit any act injurious to the public health, to public morals, or to trade or commerce, or for the perversion or obstruction of justice, or of the due administration of the laws;

Each of them is guilty of a misdemeanor.

SEC. 3. No conspiracy is punishable criminally unless it is one of those enumerated in the last two sections, and the orderly and peaceable assembling or cooperation of persons employed in any calling, trade, or handicraft, for the purpose of obtaining an advance in the rate of wages or compensation, or of maintaining such rate, is not a conspiracy.

SEC. 4. No agreement except to commit a felony upon the person of another, or to commit arson or burglary, amounts to a conspiracy, unless some act besides such agreement be done to effect the object thereof, by one or more of the parties to such agreement.

[Original act passed July 26, 1881.]

PAGE 1939.-Breaking contract of service.

SEC. 10. A person, who willfully and maliciously, either alone or in combination with others, breaks a contract of service or hiring, knowing, or having reasonable cause to believe, that the probable consequence of his so doing will be to endanger human life, or to cause grievous bodily injury, or to expose valuable property to destruction or serious injury, is guilty of a misdemeanor. [Original act passed July 26, 1881.]

PAGE 2253.-Disorderly conduct on public conveyances. SEC. 8. Any person who shall by any offensive or disorderly act or language, annoy or interfere with any person or persons in any place or with the passengers of any public stage, railroad car, ferryboat, or other public conveyance, or who shall dieturb or offend the occupants of such stage, car, boat or conveyance, by any disorderly act, language or display, although such act, conduct or display may not amount to an assault or battery, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. A person who willfully and wrongfully commits any act which seriously injures the person or property of another, or which seriously disturbs or endangers the public peace or health, or which openly outrages public decency, for which no other punishment is expressly prescribed by this code [penal code], is guilty of a misdemeanor; but nothing in this code contained shall be so construed as to prevent any person from demanding an increase of wages, or from assembling and using all lawful means to induce employers to pay such wages to all persons employed by them, as shall be a just and fair compensation for services rendered.

[Original act passed July 26, 1881.]

PAGE 2508.-Appointment, etc., of nonresidents as peace officers prohibited.

SEC. 110. No sheriff of a county, mayor of a city, or officials, or other person authorized by law to appoint special deputy sheriffs, special constables, marshals, policemen, or other peace officers in this State, to preserve the public peace or queil public disturbance, shall hereafter, at the instance of any agent, society, association or corporation, or otherwise, appoint as such special deputy, special constable, marshal, policeman, or other peace officer, any person who shall not be a citizen of the United States and a resident of the State of New York, and entitled to vote therein at the time of his appointment, and a resident of the same county as the mayor or sheriff or other official making such appointment; and no person shall assume or exercise the functions, powers, duties or privileges incident and belonging to the office of special deputy sheriff, special constable, marshal or policeman, or other peace officer, without having first received his appointment in writing from the authority lawfully appointing him. Any person or persons who shall, in this State, without due authority, exercise, or attempt to exercise the functions of, or hold himself out to anyone as a deputy sheriff, marshal, or policeman, constable or peace officer, or any public officer, or person pretending to be a public officer, who, unlawfully, under the pretense or color of any process, arrests any person or detains him against his will, or seizes or levies upon any property, or dispossesses anyone of any lands or tenements without a regular process therefor, or any person who knowingly violates any other provision of this section, is guilty of a misdemeanor. But nothing herein contained shall be deemed to affect, repeal or abridge the powers authorized to be exercised under sections one hundred and two, one hundred and four, one hundred and sixty-nine, one hundred and eighty-three, eight hundred and ninety-five, eight hundred and ninety-six and eight hundred and ninety-seven of the Code of Criminal Procedure; or under chapter three hundred and forty-six of the laws of eighteen hundred and sixty three, as amended by chapter two hundred and fifty-nine of the laws of eighteen hundred and sixty-six, and chapter one hundred and ninety-three, of the laws of eighteen hundred and seventy-five; or under chapter two hundred and twenty-three of the laws of eighteen hundred and eighty; or under chapter five hundred and twenty-seven of the laws of eighteen hundred and seventy-three; or under chapter two hundred and five of the laws of eighteen hundred and seventy-five; but all places kept for summer resorts and the grounds of racing associations in the counties of New York, Kings and Westchester are hereby exempted from the provisions of this act.

[Original act passed in 1892.]

NORTH CAROLINA.

ACTS OF 1893.

CHAPTER 191.-Prohibiting bodies of detectives from going armed.

SECTION 1. No body of men composed of more than three persons calling themselves detectives or claiming to be in the employ of any detective agency or known and designated as detectives shall go armed in this State.

SEC. 2. Any person or persons offending against this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined or imprisoned in the discretion of the

court.

Ratified February 28, 1893.

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