TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CHINA. Signed at Tientsin, June 18th, 1858. PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS a Treaty of amity and commerce between the United States of America and the Tá Tsing Empire was negotiated between the plenipotentiaries of those nations, and signed by them in the English and Chinese languages on the 18th day of June, 1858, at Tientsin, which treaty has been ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Emperor of China; and the said Ratifications have been duly exchanged: Therefore be it known that this Treaty is now published for the general information and guidance of whom it may concern; and I hereby call upon all the citizens of the United States residing in, or visiting this Empire, to obey its stipulations, and thereby promote the amicable relations now existing between the two nations. At all the ports open to commerce, tonnage duties will be paid on merchant vessels belonging to the United States, according to the provisions of this treaty, on and after the 24th day of November, 1859. The ports of Cháu-chau or Swatau, in the province of Kwangtung, and Taiwan on Formosa in the province of Fuhkien, will be opened to American commerce, and for Americans to reside with their families, on and after the first day of January, 1860. Given under my hand and seal of office at the Legation of the United States in Shanghai, this eighth day of November, A.D. eighteen hundred and fifty-nine, and of the Independence of the United States, the eighty-fourth. Attest, JOHN E. WARD, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to China. W. WALLACE WARD, Secretary of Legation. 中大 華亞 兹大美久規和後 清理眞法好遵 國駕誠修貿守 與合友訂易成 衆誼友章規 國明睦程為 因定條以此 欲公約為美 固正及兩舉 存確太國 堅實平日 大大欽欽大 PREAMBLE. THE United States of America and the Tá Tsing Empire, desiring to maintain firm, lasting, and sincere friendship, have resolved to renew, in a manner clear and positive, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace, amity, and commerce, the rules which shall in future be mutually observed in the intercourse of their respective countries; for which most desirable object the President of the United States and the august Sovereign of the Tá Tsing Empire have named for their plenipotentiaries, to wit: the President of the United States of America, WILLIAM B. REED, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to China; and his Majesty the Emperor of China, KWEILIANG, a member of the Privy Council and Superintendent of the Board of Punishments, and HWASHANA, President of the Board of Civil Office, and Major-General of the Bordered Blue Banner Division of the Chinese Bannermen, both of them being Imperial Commission 欽差駐劄中華便宜行事全權大臣列衛廉 天德特派 大欽欽 伯差 賜 1 公之定 嗣其或而之中俟 同權條 後民異啟事善 全奉屬 酌互欵第人更爭一為第 議相臚-大各不端經調二 各較列欵清皆得若照處欵 派行將閱於 事所俱左 與照互他知以 前相國必示 大和欺有須友 合平凌何彼誼 衆友偶不此關 兩好因公相切 ers and Plenipotentiaries: And the said ministers, in virtue of the respective full powers they have received from their governments, have agreed upon the following articles: PEACE TO BE MAINTAINED. MEDIATION. ART. I.-There shall be, as there has always been, peace and friendship between the United States of America and the Tá Tsing Empire, and between their people respectively. They shall not insult or oppress each other for any trifling cause, so as to produce an estrangement between them; and if any other nation should act unjustly or oppressively, the United States will exert their good offices, on being informed of the case, to bring about an amicable arrangement of the question, thus showing their friendly feelings. CUSTODY OF TREATIES. ART, II.-In order to perpetuate friendship, on the exchange of 大大大大 大大大大大 清皇合伯 清皇清合伯 國帝衆理允收國帝國衆理兩條 ratifications by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by his Majesty the Emperor of China, this treaty shall be kept and sacredly guarded in this way, viz: the original treaty, as ratified by the President of the United States, shall be deposited at Peking, the capital of his Majesty the Emperor of China, in charge of the Privy Council; and as ratified by his Majesty the Emperor of China, shall be deposited at Washington, the capital of the United States, in charge of the Secretary of State. TREATIES TO BE PUBLISHED BY BOTH COUNTRIES. ART. III.—In order that the people of the two countries may know and obey the provisions of this treaty, the United States of America agree, immediately on the exchange of ratifications, to proclaim the same and publish it by proclamation in the gazettes where the laws 知批傳亦 因國行閣廣來以塘 俾准卽體 欲駐之大閩至上駒 可互大通頒第堅劄禮學浙照各 遵易清諭行四立中信士兩會督齋 守後國都欵友華義文江京撫遞 of the United States of America are published by authority, and his Majesty the Emperor of China, on the exchange of ratifications, agrees immediately to direct the publication of the same at the capital and by the governors of all the provinces. CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE MINISTER AND CHINESE OFFICERS. ART. IV.-In order further to perpetuate friendship, the minister or commissioner, or the highest diplomatic representative of the United States of America in China, shall at all times have the right to correspond on terms of perfect equality and confidence with the officers of the Privy Council at the capital, or with the governors-general of the Two Kwang, the provinces of Fuhkien and Chehkiang, or of the Two Kiang; and whenever he desires to have such correspondence with the Privy Council at the capital, he shall have the right to send it through either of the said governors-general, or by the general post; and all such communications shall be sent under seal, which shall be most carefully respected. The Privy Council and governors |