* Flammermont, J., Le Chancelier Maupeou et les Parlements. Paris, 1884. (Florida and Louisiana.) Documentos históricos de la Florida y la Luisiana, siglos XVI al XVIII. (Biblioteca de los Americanistas, tom. 5.) Madrid, 1912.

(George III.) The Correspondence of King George III with Lord North (17681783). Ed., W. B. Donne. 2 vols. London, 1867.

(Harris, James.) Diaries and correspondence of James Harris, First Earl of Malmesbury. Ed., the third Earl of Malmesbury. 4 vols. London, 1844. A Series of Letters of the First Earl of Malmesbury. Ed. by his grandson. 2 vols. London, 1870.

Harris, William. A complete collection of all the Marine Treaties subsisting between Great Britain and France, Spain, etc. 1779.

Hertslet, Sir E. Treaties and Tariffs regulating the trade between Great Britain and Foreign Nations. (Spain) 7 vols. London, 1875–91.

Lansdowne MSS. Report III of the Royal Historical Commission.

(Louis XV.) Correspondance secrète inédite de Louis XV . . . et autres documents. Ed., E. Boutaric. Paris, 1866.

The King's Secret being the secret correspondence of Louis XV with his diplomatic agents from 1752-1774. Ed., J. V. A. de Broglie. 2 vols. London, 1879.

(Louisiana.) Real decreto que previene las reglas y condiciones con que se puede hacer el comercio desde España á la provincia de la Luisiana (23 Marzo, 1768). Madrid, 1768.

Vue de la colonie Espagnole du Mississippi en l'année 1802 par un Observateur Résident sur les lieux. Paris, 1803.

Martens, G. F. von. Recueil des principaux traités d'alliance de paix de trêve,

de neutralité, de commerce, de limites, d'échange, etc., conclus par les puissances et états dans d'autres parties du monde depuis 1761 jusqu'à présent. Gottingue, 1791-1801.

(Mercy-Argenteau.) Correspondance secrète entre Marie-Thérèse et le Comte de Mercy-Argenteau. Ed., Arneth, A. von, et Geoffroy, A. 3 vols. Paris, 1874. Covers the period, April, 1770-November, 1780.

·Correspondance secrète du Comte de Mercy-Argenteau avec l'Empereur Joseph II et le Prince de Kaunitz. Ed., Arneth, A. von, et Flammermont, J. 2 vols. Paris, 1889-1891. The text covers the period, Dec., 1780-Oct., 1790, but the appendix supplies the letters of the period, July, 1766-November, 1780.

Morel-Fatio, A. Recueil des Instructions données aux ambassadeurs de la France depuis les traités de Westphalie jusqu'à la révolution française. Vols. 11, 12, 12 bis, Espagne. Introduction and notes by Morel-Fatio, A., 1894.

Penrose, B. An account of the last expedition to Port Egmont in Falkland's Islands in the year 1772. Together with the transactions of the company of the Penguin shallop during their stay there. London, 1775. Pernety, A. J. Journal historique d'un Voyage fait aux Isles Malouines en 1763 & 1764, et de deux voyages au Détroit de Magellan, avec une relation sur les Patagons. Berlin, 1769. Published in Paris, 1770, under the title, Histoire d'un voyage aux Isles Malouines, fait en 1763 & 1764. Trans

lated and published in London, 1771, under the title, The History of a Voyage to the Malouine (or Falkland) Islands made in 1763 and 1764 under the command of M. de Bougainville, in order to form a settlement there: and of two voyages to the Streights of Magellan, with an Account of the Patagonians. Pownall, Thomas. Two speeches on the late negotiations and convention with Spain. London, 1771.

*Quesada, Vicente G. Recuerdos de mi Vida Diplomática, Mision en Estados Unidos, 1885-1892. Buenos Aires, 1904.

Robertson, James A. Louisiana under the Rule of Spain, France, and the United States, 1785-1807. 2 vols. Cleveland, 1911.

*(Shelburne.) Life of William, Earl of Shelburne, afterwards First Marquis of Lansdowne, with extracts from his papers. E. G. P. Fitzmaurice. 3 vols. London, 1875-76. Revised, 1912.

Walpole, Horace. Memoirs of the Reign of King George the Third. Ed., R. Bentley. 4 vols. London, 1845.

Letters of Sir Horace Walpole, Fourth Earl of Orford. Ed., Peter Cunningham. 9 vols. London, 1891.

The last Journals of Horace Walpole during the reign of George III, (1771-1783). Ed., A. Francis Steuart. 2 vols. New York, 1910.

* These works have been chiefly used, in the preparation of the present study, for the large number of original documents which they contain, and consequently they are here placed among "printed sources".

SECONDARY WORKS

Addison, J. Charles the Third of Spain. Oxford, 1900.

Bancroft, H. H. History of the Pacific States of North America. 34 vols. San Francisco, 1882-90.

History of Mexico. New York, 1914,

Barrow, Sir J. Life of George, Lord Anson. London, 1839.

Bolton, H. E. Texas in the middle Eighteenth Century. Berkeley, 1915.

Bolton, H. E., and Marshall, T. M. The Colonization of North America, 1492– 1783, New York, 1920.

Bourget, A. Le Duc de Choiseul et l'Alliance Espagnole. Paris, 1906.

Etudes sur la politique étrangère du duc de Choiseul. Paris, 1907. Bristowe, L. W. Handbook of British Honduras. Edinburgh, 1890. Burrows, M. History of the Foreign Policy of Great Britain. Edinburgh and London, 1895.

Chapman, C. E. The Founding of Spanish California, the northwestward expansion of New Spain, 1687-1783. New York, 1916.

A History of Spain. New York, 1918.

Clowes, W. L. The Royal Navy. London, 1898.

Coxe, W. Memoirs of the Kings of Spain of the House of Bourbon. 3 vols. London, 1813.

Danvila y Collado, M. Reinado de Carlos III, constituting vols. 1-6 of the Historia de España, ed., A. Canovas del Castillo. Madrid, 1893–96. Daubigny, E. Choiseul et la France d'outre-mer après le Traité de Paris. Paris, 1892.

España e Inglaterra. Estudio de sus relaciones históricas. Madrid, 1918. (Falkland Islands.) Some Account of the Falkland Islands to which is added a preliminary sketch for the formation of a Chartered Company to be called The Falkland Island Company. Second edition. London, 1851. Containing an excellent map of the Islands as "surveyed by Captain Robert Fitzroy, Captain William Robinson, Captain Barth of Sulivan with latest editions to Dec. 1748."

Ferrer del Rio, A. Historía del reinado de Carlos III en España. 4 vols. Madrid, 1856.

Fitzmaurice, E. G. P. Life of William, Earl of Shelburne, afterwards First Marquis of Lansdowne. 3 vols. London, 1875-76.

Gibbs, A. R. British Honduras. London, 1883.

Gutiérrez de los Rios, C. J., (Count de Fernán Núñez) Vida de Carlos III. 2 vols. Madrid, 1898.

Hall, Hubert Pitt and the Family Compact. Quarterly Review, Oct., 1899. Haring, C. H. Trade and Navigation between Spain and the Indies in the time of the Hapsburgs. Cambridge, 1918.

Hertz (Hurst), G. B. British Imperialism in the Eighteenth Century. London, 1908.

Hume, Martin. Spain, its Greatness and Decay, 1479-1788. Oxford, 1906.

Johnson, Samuel. Thoughts on the late Transactions respecting Falkland's Islands. London, 1771.

Lafuente, M. Historía general de España desde los tiempos mas remotas hasta nuestros días. 30 vols. Madrid, 1850–67.

Mahan, A. T. The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783. Boston, 1890.

Maldonado, M. J.

España y Francia en el siglo XVIII. Madrid, 1886. Relaciones entre España y la Gran Bretaña desde las Paces de Utrecht hasta nuestros días. Madrid, 1907.

Marfil Garcia, M.

Marks, M. A. M. England and America, 1763-1783. 2 vols. London, 1907. Priestley, H. I. José de Galvez, Visitor-General of New Spain. Berkeley, 1916. Reflexiones históricas sobre las relaciones entre España y Francia. Papeles Varios. 1808.

Rousseau, F. Règne de Charles III d'Espagne, 1759-1788 2 vols. Paris, 1907. Ruville, A. von. William Pitt, Earl of Chatham. 3 vols. New York, 1907. Shea, J. D. G. Discovery and Exploration of the Mississippi Valley. Albany, 1903.

Shepherd, W. R. The Cession of Louisiana to Spain. Pol. Science Quart. XIX. 439-458.

Snow, W. P. A Two Years' Cruise off Tierra del Fuego, the Falkland Islands, Patagonia, and in the River Plate. 2 vols. London, 1857.

Soltau, R. H. The Duke de Choiseul. Oxford, 1909.

Soulange-Bodin, A. La Diplomatie de Louis XV et le Pacte de Famille. Paris, 1894.

Spears, J. R., and Clark, A. H. A History of the Mississippi Valley from its discovery to the end of foreign domination. New York, 1903.

Squier, E. G. Notes on Central America. New York. 1855.

Wallace, J. History of Illinois and Louisiana under the French Rule. Cincinnati, 1893.

Winship, A. E., and Wallace, R. W. The Louisiana Purchase. Chicago and New York, 1903.

BOOK REVIEWS

Mexico and its Reconstruction, by CHESTER LLOYD JONES. (New York D. Appleton & Co., 1922. $3.50.)

Within the past few years so many books have been written on Mexico and so few of them treat comprehensively and fairly the many factors underlying the problems facing the government and peoples of our sister republic that Mr. Jones's contribution will be hailed by all students of Mexican affairs as one of the most valuable thus far offered. The volume is largely a study of interesting facts gleaned from official publications of both Mexico and the United States, supplemented by studies made by students of the Republic, both Mexican and foreign. The subject matter has been treated in an impartial manner by one who has a sympathetic understanding of the Mexican people and their institutions and who has endeavored to produce a work free from preconceived ideas and prejudices.

In his introduction the writer points out that in one volume it is impossible to give a detailed picture of the complex elements entering a study of this sort. He has endeavored to indicate the various factors which must be taken into consideration in forming an opinion of "what may fairly be expected of a government working under such conditions as will confront Mexico during its trying period of reconstruction". In this he has succeeded admirably.

Mr. Jones has not hestitated to criticise certain of the Mexican institutions, but his criticisms are not of the "reformer" type, but rather of an analytical observer who is endeavoring to give a true picture of applications of present and past systems and institutions. His praise of such of the institutions as justly merit praise, and of the praiseworthy characteristics of the Mexican, is unstinted.

In his opening chapter the writer points out "Why Mexico is a Problem" and continues with a chapter on the heterogeneous elements entering any analysis of the population of Mexico. Three chapters are devoted to the government of Mexico and three to Mexican finance, sketching in a brief but comprehensive manner certain of the more important features of both these subjects. A fairly complete and interestingly detailed study is made of the Mexican laborer, his contract

with employers, wages and demands, and his opportunities. In the opinion of the reviewer the four chapters on this subject show Mr. Jones at his best. He has not only placed before the world certain interesting figures, but his discussion of the laborers' traits as formed by centuries of customs and molded by successive methods of overlordship gives a clear insight into one of the major reasons for the political unrest manifested during the last decade.

Chapters are also devoted to the internal development of commerce and industries, transportation, colonization, the foreign commerce, the status of the foreigner in Mexico and a brief history of border troubles and Mexican American relations.

RALPH H. ACKERMAN.

A History of California: The Spanish Period. By CHARLES E. CHAPMAN, PH.D. (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1921. Pp. x, 527. Maps and illus. $5.00.)

Professor Chapman who has spent thirteen years in the study of California history, and has seen virtually every document bearing upon this field, presents here a synthesis designed to appeal to the general public. In order to accomplish this purpose he has accorded considerable space to interesting and even almost fantastic incident. He gives a popular and attractive account of the geography and the native races of California, dwells upon the lost opportunity of the Mongolians, takes considerable pains to show the bearing of portions of his narrative upon present-day problems and conditions, delineates fully and with delicate touch the character of the Spanish heroes who have made their contribution to California history, and does not hesitate to relate at some length the romance of Razánof and the beautiful Concepción Argüello. By these and similar methods he seeks to entice the reader, as it were, to dip into the more serious and heavy parts of the narrative where he may acquire new facts and a broader and more profound understanding of this portion of the North American continent, where he may behold California history "in its proper perspective" and be convinced that California has a "great deal more to contribute to the cherished traditions of the American people" than heretofore has been indicated.

Whether the author has set forth this scholarly and reliable account of California history in such a fashion as to grip and hold the attention of the popular reader the future alone can decide. The task is by no means an easy one, although it should be, as Professor Chapman