except in cases of emergency the working day shall not be longer than ten hours, including whatever time is consumed in passing to and from work. An interval of one hour, which will not be counted as working time, shall be allowed for the mid-day meal. Adequate time and opportunity for attending to calls of nature shall be given. ART. 46. Prisoners of war who work shall be allowed one full day's rest of 24 hours in each seven days; this rest day shall be the calendar Sunday whenever practicable. When, however, emergency conditions require work on Sunday, the day of rest shall be accorded as soon as practicable thereafter and in no event shall the interval between successive rest days be longer than nine days nor shall there be more than one such nine-day interval in each 30 days. ART. 47. When prisoners of war, from the nature of their work, are exposed to special dangers or sickness, special preventive measures shall be taken. ART. 48. Prisoners of war shall be classified by the attending medical officer according to their ability to work without injury to their health in the following categories: (a) heavy work, Classified lists, certified by the medical officer, shall be kept by the camp authorities. Where circumstances require, as for instance transfer from one camp to another, prisoners of war shall be accompanied by a certificate showing their classification for work. ART. 49. The following prisoners of war are exempted from all forms of compulsory work: (b) (a) Aviation cadets, officer candidates, field clerks, and other ap- ART. 50. American non-commissioned officers and naval petty officers and German Unteroffiziere and Offiziersanwaerter, except those mentioned in Article 49, are exempted from compulsory work, except: (a) For the supervision of prisoners of war of their own armed forces while at work. (b) For checking and distributing mail matter and packages. (c) For clerical work. 59665-33- -8 (d) For work which is absolutely necessary for the maintenance of the camp or the prisoners of war (e. g. work in gardens or kitchens) as far as this work is compatible with the dignity of their rank and is entirely within the enclosure of the camp. In no case, however, shall non-commissioned officers be used for menial or dirty work, such as the loading and transport of coal, or the cleaning of streets or latrines. ART. 51. Prisoners of war shall receive no compensation for work done for their own benefit or in connection with the maintenance or administration of their camp, their quarters or their work shop. Other work for the Captor State shall be paid for at a daily rate of not less than 50 Pfennigs or 122 Cents nor more than 2 Marks or 50 Cents. Prisoners of war shall be paid for work done in industrial occupations for private persons or firms at the same rate as industrial workers in the same locality for the same sort of work. Of the wages earned in this manner 25 to 50 Cents or 1 Mark to 2 Marks per day shall be credited to the prisoner of war concerned. The remainder shall be retained by the Captor State. Prisoners of war engaged in agricultural labor shall receive a daily wage of 50 Pfennigs or 122 Cents which shall be credited to them without any deduction. No deductions for maintenance shall be made from the net portion of their earnings but the full amount shall be credited to the prisoners of war and placed at their disposal for the purchase in accordance with camp regulations of articles needed by them. The net balance remaining to the credit of prisoners of war shall be paid them upon their internment in a neutral country or upon their repatriation; in case of death of a prisoner of war this balance shall be paid to the diplomatic representative of the Protecting Power for the benefit of the legal heirs of the deceased. 6. RATIONS ART. 52. It is the obligation of the Captor State to provide prisoners of war under its charge with such quantity and quality of wholesome food, especially of meat and vegetables, as is necessary to maintain unimpaired their normal physical health and working capacity. In general the ration served to prisoners of war shall be equal in amount, quality and nutritive value to that served to the armed forces of the Captor State when in barracks or in cantonments. The food value of their daily ration shall not fall below a minimum of 2,000 calories for non-workers, 2,500 calories for ordinary workers, The daily ration of bread shall in no case be less than 250 grams, and in the case of ordinary workers this ration shall be increased by the addition of 100 grams; and in the case of heavy workers by the addition of 150 grams of bread or other cereals; furthermore each prisoner of war's daily food ration shall contain amounts of fresh vegetables, fresh meat, and animal fat not less than those furnished to the guards at the same camp or place of detention. All food furnished shall be sound and wholesome and shall have been handled in a proper manner. An abundant supply of safely potable water, amounting to at least 3 litres per man per day shall be provided for drinking purposes for all prisoners of war. ART. 53. Officer prisoners of war shall be permitted and, as far as possible, encouraged to manage their own messes; and at their request the rations furnished by the Captor State shall be delivered to them uncooked. Prisoners of war shall be permitted to utilize the food contents of their parcels in common as additional ration. The necessary facilities for this shall be arranged with the Camp Commandant by a committee chosen by the officers in officer camps, and by the Camp Help Committee in camps for prisoners of war other than officers. ART. 54. Menus specifying the weight of each article provided per man per day shall be posted daily and shall at all times be accessible to the delegate of the Protecting Power. ART. 55. Prisoners of war shall be allowed at all times to obtain hot water at a reasonable price, not to exceed 5 centimes or 5 pfennigs for 2 litres. ART. 56. Camp Help Committees shall be given a hearing in cases of complaints made by prisoners of war about their food. ART. 57. In camps where there are prisoners of war of different States of Origin, the Camp Commandant shall, as far as possible, permit the cooking for the prisoners of war to be done by cooks of their State of Origin. The camp cooks shall be permitted to prepare the food according to the taste of the prisoners of war. ART. 58. When necessary for the preparation of the contents of packages, special kitchen facilities and fuel shall be furnished prisoners of war by the Captor State. Members of the Camp Help Committee shall be permitted to enter the kitchens. ART. 59. In all camps for prisoners of war canteens shall be maintained in which prisoners may buy at reasonable prices currently obtainable food and articles of daily use. Camp Help Committees shall co-operate in the management of the canteens. Price lists of articles for sale, in the language of the prisoners of war, shall be kept posted in a conspicuous place. The profits made may be used only for the benefit of the prisoners of war. 7. WALKS ART. 60. All officers, non-commissioned officers and men not employed on work outside the camp enclosure shall be permitted to take weekly walks of not less than two hours under military supervision outside the camp enclosure. If the prisoners of war so desire and local conditions permit, these walks shall be taken to a point at least four kilometers distant from the camp. For this purpose, officer prisoners of war shall give their paroles not to make or prepare an attempt to escape during the walks, nor to do anything during this time which may be directed against the Captor State, its allies or co-belligerents. Such paroles shall be binding only for the duration of the walk for which given and on such conditions military supervision will be limited to conducting the walks. 8. INTELLECTUAL OCCUPATION AND DIVINE SERVICES ART. 61. Prisoners of war shall be given as much opportunity as possible for intellectual occupation and development. For this purpose it is agreed as follows: (a) In every main camp and as far as possible in every working detachment a reading and workroom sufficiently lighted and heated shall be provided and put at the disposal of the prisoners of war. (b) Properly qualified prisoners of war may give educational courses and lectures which shall be so arranged as not to interfere with the work of the prisoners of war. (c) The formation of camp libraries is to be encouraged in every way. Prisoners of war may have such newspapers of the Captor State or of its co-belligerents as the former may choose. Prisoners of war in working detachments shall be given every opportunity to make use of the libraries of the main camps. The exchange of books between the various camps shall be accomplished through the military authorities. The use of text books, dictionaries and bound books shall be permitted. (d) Prisoners of war charged with giving educational courses or lectures and the management of libraries are to be exempt from work in the camps and are to be transferred to another camp only in cases of urgent necessity. (e) As far as possible, prisoners of war shall be permitted to complete the courses they are attending. (Prisoners of war shall be given opportunities to arrange and give musical and theatrical performances and similar entertainments. ART. 62. Prisoners of war shall enjoy complete liberty in the exercise of whatever religion they may profess. Chaplains pending repatriation under Article 140, shall be allowed to perform their religious and professional duties among the pris oners of war. Similar opportunities shall be given to prisoners of war who are ministers of religion and they shall be exempted from such work as will interfere with their religious duties. 9. MEDICAL TREATMENT ART. 63. Prisoners of war shall be given the same medical and dental care and treatment and diet as are provided by the Captor State for sick of like grades in its own armed forces. In case of a shortage of military doctors, competent civilian doctors shall be provided. The services of such prisoners of war as are dentists and are not repatriated as members of the Sanitary Personnel, shall be utilized. In no case shall any charge be made against a prisoner of war for medical or dental treatment, or supplies or anesthetics. ART. 64. Prisoners of war shall be protected against sickness to the same extent as the nationals of the Captor State; and especially against those diseases that are conveyed by infection through the respiratory and the alimentary tracts, by transmission through the agency of insects, by contact and by poisons, etc. ART. 65. Artificial limbs, sticks, crutches, false teeth and all other surgical and medical appliances necessary for the well-being of prisoners of war shall be furnished by the Captor State, reimbursement therefor to be made by the State of Origin. Such further appliances as may be furnished to prisoners of war by the representative of the Protecting Power shall not be withheld by the Captor State. ART. 66. If the Captor State is unable to furnish any of the medicines or medical supplies necessary for the treatment of the sick or wounded prisoners of war it shall notify the Protecting Power, and shall allow such medical supplies to be furnished and shall expedite their transportation and delivery to the Camp Help Committees at the camps for which they were requested. The same applies to articles of specified kinds whose delivery has been recommended by the Travelling Commissions, or by a delegate of the Protecting Power. The distribution of these articles among the prisoners of war in any main camp and in the working detachments belonging thereto shall be made through the Camp Help Committee of the camp and under the direction of the camp doctor. ART. 67. In every prisoner of war camp a sick call shall be held daily at a specified hour in the presence of a medical officer at which prisoners of war may attend and receive medical attention from him. ART. 68. Prisoners of war other than officers shall be detailed as orderly assistants to the medical officers of the camps in the proportion of not less than one for every one hundred prisoners of war in the camp, but there shall not be less than two such orderlies in any camp. Such orderlies shall perform no other duties. |