"The American Scholar's Relation to the Govorament." The theme was admirably suited to the occasion, being alike literary and practical, and was discussed throughout in a dignified and scholarly manner. It evinced vigor and originality of thought combined with elegance and beauty of expression. The arguments by which he inculcated loyalty to government, enforced and illustrated, as they were, by examples of eminent men and scholars in ancient and in modern times, were truly philosophical; while the influences which the science of government and a participation in its administration, exert upon the true patriot scholar- in developing all his mental faculties and in securing to his literary productions permanent value - -were por trayed with great practical directness.

"Sebastopol has yielded to a SONG,"— was pictured with true poetic power. The poet showed that his "power of song" was sufficient at least to enable him to thrill and charm his audience. He was, moreover, particularly fortunate in rendering his language and his delivery appropriate to the character of the thought which he wished to present, and whether invoking Erato or his own humbler "swallow" muse, seemed to throw his whole soul into the work. He is evidently a favorite with the immortal Nine.

These exercises, so creditable to the speakers, were no less creditable to the instructors under

whose guidance they were trained and fitted for such exhibitions of literary attainment.

The afternoon was devoted to social reunions,

and in the evening the class partook of a supper, at which toast and song went round till past the hour when spectered ghosts are said to stalk the

owy forms in the midnight glare.

The general delivery of the orator is graceful and manly, but his voice requires practice to render it more flexible and to secure to it greater compass of modulation. His style, though some-earth in fiendish gambols and warm their shadwhat involved and complicated, from the use of long periodic sentences, is quite ornate. Flowers culled from every literature, and similes borrowed from different sciences, are mingled in such lavish profusion as to render his periods, in the language of Milton,

"Dark with excessive bright."

We have been informed that he intends to enter into public life; if this be true, we bespeak for him eminent success, and only wish that more of our educated young men, guided by similar principles, would pursue the same course, and thus impart anew to our legislative assemblies, both state and national, something of that Roman dignity which they formerly possessed. After the oration was delivered, the class poet, Mr. John M. Hay, pronounced a very neat and spicy poem on the "Power of Song." It was both sober and mirthful, abounding in well sustained flights of impassioned verse and in racy jokes and sparkling witticisms. The storming of the Malakoff-the alternate advancing and retreating of the Franks, with such dreadful havoc, for three successive times, till at length they rise to victory, to the strains of Là Marseillaise, and

Belonging, however, to the fossil remains of an earlier period we are compelled to speak of this part of the festivities only from report.

Since penning the above we have been informed that the oration and poem are to be printed by the class, that they may have the pleasure of a private perusal.

C. B. G.

THE NATIONAL TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION will hold its Second Annual Meeting at Cincinnati, on the 11th, 12th and 13th of August, 1858.

The American Association for the Advancement of Education will hold its Eighth Annual Meeting in November, 1858, at Albany, New York.

The Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the American Institute of Instruction will be held at Norwich, Conn., on the 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th of August, 1858. The introductory address will be delivered by Rev. Barnas Sears, D. D., President of Brown University. Addresses will also be given by Professor Foster, of Union College, Schenectady, N. Y.; Mr. Valentine, of Brooklyn, N. Y.; Rev. Mr. Gulliver, of Norwich, Conn.; Benj. W. Putnum, Esq., Master of the Quincy School, Boston, and others.

Norwich possesses unusual advantages for such School," and we are sure any pedagogue, or a meeting. It is very convenient of access, be-"pedagogogus," or little school urchin, or one ing located on the great thoroughfare between who has been such will recognize the picture. New England and New York. Its hotel accommodations are ample and of the best description. It is famous for the wealth and liberality of its citizens, and in beauty and variety of scenery it is unsurpassed by any city in New England. The Free Academy will be an object of attrac

tion to educators. It is the finest educational building in New England. Some of the Grammar and Primary Schools are of the highest order.

The Home, a fireside monthly, published by Beadle & Adams, Buffalo, N. Y. $1.50 per year. The July number commences the sixth volume, and is beautified by a delicate steel plate. It is a rich number. The article entitled "Napoleon Bonaparte a Mythe," is very ingenious and interesting.

The Ladies' Repository, devoted to Literature and Religion. Cincinnati, Ohio. Rev. D. W. Clark, D. D., Editor. $2.00 per annumn. We consider this one of the most substantial and valuable of all our religious journals. It is, be

Persons passing over the Boston and Worcester and the Norwich and Worcester-and we hope other— railroads to attend the meeting will re-sides, exceedingly attractive. The present numceive free return tickets.

ber has two fine steel plates, which we admire.

The Monthlies for July.

WE wish we had space to notice, as they deserve, our monthly exchanges. Our notices must necessarily be brief, and our friends and cotemporaries must take the will for the deed.

The Atlantic Monthly, which now confessedly stands at the head of the list, is the best-decidedly the best-number yet issued, and when we say that there is nothing more that could be said. The Happy Home, an excellent religious magazine for the parlor and the fireside, with steel and colored engravings. Published by C. Stone & Co., Boston.

On

under the charge of Mr. James L. Stone, as
Principal, and N. G. Bonney as first Assistant,
has, we understand, met with fine success.
the second week of the term sixty-three scholars
were connected with the institution, of whom
about one-third pursue the study of Latin.

Godey's Lady's Book, a capital number. Beau-School which has just been opened in Foxboro tiful steel and colored engravings, wood cuts, patterns, &c., &c. We do not see how the ingenuity of men could make this journal more attractive. This number begins a new volume. Arthur's Lady's Home Magazine commences a new volume with the July number, and comes out with a new dress. This is an excellent issue, full of interesting matter for the ladies. They say the engravings, pattern plates, &c., are very

useful.

Peterson's Ladies' Magazine slso begins a new volume, and has a steel engraving alone worth the price of the number. It is "The Village

THE WAY OF LIFE; A religious weekly newspaper, "advocating the interests of Young Mens' Christian Associations, and the interests of Evangelical Christianity - world wide. New York. $1.50 per year, in advance. F. D. Stead, agent, Providence.

SCHOOL EXERCISES.

Answers to Questions for Solution in the
February Number.

1. If in time of a gale the sails of a windmill be set facing the wind, the mill will be in less danger of being overthrown with the arms revolving than at rest.

It thus becomes evident that so long as the sum of the forces A and B is insufficient to overthrow the mill, the introduction of the conspiring force C, by stopping the arms, should be avoided.

2. A man born on the twenty-ninth of Februry, 1796 had but one return of his birth-day for twelve years, that is before 1838. He had no birth-day in 1800, for although the number which expresses that year is divisible by four, it is not divisible by four hundred, as must be the case, in order that a year completing a century may have the intercalated day.

3. Twilight and Dawn are longest at the summer solstice, and shortest at a period a little before the vernal equinox, and at another a little after the autumnal equinox. At the time of the winter solstice they are longer than at any other period between the autumnal equinox and the vernal, but not so long as at the summer solstice. As we travel towards the north the length of

twilight and dawn increases, until we arrive at a point where there is no interval between them during the night. As we travel towards the south their length diminishes, until we reach the equatorial regions where it is shortest. At the time of the equinoxes the point is exactly on the equator. Between the vernal equinox and the autumnal it is a little south of the equator, and between the autumnal and the vernal a little north of it.

Suppose the wind to be blowing from the south it will strike the mill itself in the same manner, whether the arms be revolving or not, and will tend to throw it over towards the north with some force A. That portion of the wind which strikes the sails undergoes two resolutions. First, it is resolved into one component, which, being parallel with the surface of the sail, is lost, and another, which strikes the sails at right angles. This second is again resolved into one component, which lies parallel to the axis of rotation, and another which lies in a plane at right angles to it. The first component of the second resolution is represented by B, and acts in the same direction as the force A, tending along with it to overthrow the mill. The second component is the effective force of rotation, and has no effect on the stability of the mill so long as the arms are free to move. But if the shaft be clamped in any manner, and be strong enough to resist the torsion, it is obvious that the mill will itself tend to revolve around it in an east and west plane, in the same manner as a grindstone is turned by a fixed shaft passing through must conceive of two parallel planes extending it. Since, however, the base of the mill presents indefinitely into space, one the plane of the horia resistance to this revolution on account of fric-zon, the other the plane below the horizon, which tion, or some other cause, there will arise a tend-forms the lower limit of twilight. It is evident ency to a progressive rolling motion, precisely that the distance between these two planes may similar to that which the crank of a locomotive produces in the driving-wheel, by means of its friction with the rail. This tendency will be either towards the east or the west, according to the arrangement of the sails, and may be represented by C acting towards the east. Although this force C may not itself overthrow the mill, it will yet conspire with the force of A+B to produce a resultant D acting in a north-easterly direction, which may be sufficient to effect it.

To understand the causes of these facts we

be considered fixed, since it is at all times, and in every latitude determined by an arc of eighteen degrees measured on a great circle having its center in the horizon plane, and passing through the zenith. The variation in the length of twilight at any given period in different latitudes depends on the different inclination of the diurnal circles to the horizon, and on the position of their centers, as being either above, between, or below the two above-mentioned planes.

they increase on account of the increasing inclination of the circles.

2nd. The length of twilight varies at different periods in a given latitude. (a) At the equator the twilight increases in length as the sun retreats towards the north or the south, and attains its maximum at the period of either solstice. For while the center of the diurnal circle is there always in the plane of the horizon, its size is always less than that of a great circle except at the time of either equinox. But parallel planes cutting concentric circles, or circles having their centers in a common axis, intercept greater arcs in the smaller circles. Therefore a larger are of the diurnal circle will lie between the two planes at the solstice than at any other period, and at any time between these and the equinoxes, than at the equinoxes. (b) At the lati tude of Providence the longest twilight occurs at the summer solstice, for then the diurnal circle is least and its center lies farthest from the twilight plane. The shortest occurs a little before the vernal equinox, and a little after the autumnal, for then the centers of the diurnal circles lie between the two planes, and the arcs intercepted between them are less than when the centers lie without. But the diurnal circles at these periods are so little inferior to great circles that the increase of the intercepted arcs on this account is not sufficient to balance their decrease on the other.

The variation in the length of twilight at different periods in any given latitude depends on the size of the diurnal circles, and the position of their centers in respect to the two planes. 1st. The length of twilight varies at any given period in different latitudes. (a) At the time of either equinox the center of the diurnal circle in every latitude lies in the horizon plane. Therefore the variation in the length of twilight at these periods depends only on the varying inclination of the diurnal circles to the horizon. At the equator, the angle of inclination being a right angle, and the diurnal circle being then a great circle, the eighteen degrees of twilight will be measured upon it, and will give a duration of seventy-two minutes. As we proceed north or south from the equator at these periods, the twilight will be found to increase as the diurnal circles pass more obliquely through the space between the two planes, until within eighteen degrees of either pole it becomes perpetual from sunset to sunrise, since there the diurnal circle does not pass below the twilight plane. The length of twilight at these periods may be easily determined by the solution of a right-angled spherical triangle. (b) At the period of either solstice the centers of the diurnal circles are all above the horizon plane on one side of the equator, and below it on the other. The duration of twilight will therefore, at those periods, increase in either direction from the equator, as the distance of the centers of the diurnal circles from the horizon plane, and the inclination of those circles increase. It is evident that the same is true for any time between the solstices and the equinoxes. Thus it appears that there is a much greater difference between equatorial twilight, and that beyond the tropics in summer and THE MAINE TEACHER.-The extreme "Down winter, than in autumn and spring. It must be East" has succeeded at last in establishing an observed, however, that at all the periods except Educational Journal, through the persevering the equinoxes there are points at short distances efforts of HON. MARK H. DUNNELL, Superin from the equator on either one side or the other tendent of Public Schools. The teachers of Maine where the twilight is shorter than at the equator. may well congratulate themselves on so able a For as the axis of the diurnal circles sinks be-journal. It is filled with articles, valuable, inlow the horizon plane, the arcs intercepted be-teresting, spicy and short, not long, "dull and dry" tween this plane and the plane of twilight will, essays, like too many of our cotemporaries. Pubfor a time, decrease on this account faster than lished at Portland.

NOTE. It will be perceived that no account is taken of the effect of refraction on twilight

4. The largest number of Roman letters si used in expressing the years 888, 1388, 1788, 1838.

D. G.

OUR BOOK TABLE.

BARNARD'S AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION. June, 1858. F. C. Brownell, Hartford. $3.00 a year, or $3.25 with The Schoolmaster. This educational quarterly grows better with every number. The issue now before us has a series of 19 articles, covering 320 pages.

It opens with an excellent steel engraving of our State School Commissioner, Hon. John Kingsbury, LL. D., accompanying a sketch of his life and labors, with a full and exceedingly interesting account of the exercises at the Reunion of the Young Ladies' High School, over which Mr. Kingsbury had presided with unrivaled success for thirty years.

A fine portrait of John S. Hart, LL. D., Principal of the Philadelphia Public High School, introduces an article on the life and character of

this well known teacher, with some account of the institution over which he has presided for sixteen years. A long sketch on the "History of Common Schools in Connecticut," by the ed itor, is an able and valuable contribution to our educational literature. We also notice a tribute to the memory of the late Moses Brown Ives, of this city.

the first, and, in the ability of its articles, the care and industry with which the latest facts have been gleaned, and the candor and impartiality everywhere manifested in the work, it more than makes good the promise of the first volume. We have had occasion to examine it very critically, and while there never will be a Cyclopædia which has not some sins of omission to answer for, we must say that in this respect it is greatly more satisfactory than any work of the kind hitherto published. The editors, we know, take unwearied pains to avoid errors, and

they have been remarkably successful thus far." Subscribers will be supplied by Mr. S. Clough, | of the firm of D. Kimball & Co., of this city, agents for Rhode Island, We hope it may have a large sale in our little state. glad to furnish it to any of our friends who may desire it. Price, $3.00 per volume.

We should be

LoSSING'S PICTORIAL HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES.Lossing's Primary History of the United States. Mason Brothers, New York. Seldom do we find school books that please us as these do. A history of the United States which should be an improvement on those hitherto in use is a desideratum which we have long We hope this number, so rich and valuable, felt. The beautiful, fascinating style in which will serve to swell the subscription list of the these little books are written, the candid and im"American Journal of Education," which may partial views taken of political matters, the atproudly be placed by the side of the educational tractive cuts illustrative of the text, give promworks of Great Britain and continental Europe.ise of their scon being appreciated by intelligent

teachers and school committees. The smaller of the two is well adapted to the children in the nursery or the primary school.

THE MISSOURI EDUCATOR. Glad are we to welcome to the Brotherhood a new journal from the "Far West. The first number has just reach ed us. It is a neat monthly of 32 pages, Edited by Thomas J. Henderson, Jefferson City.

APPLETON'S NEW AMERICAN CYCLOPEDIA. Vol. II. D. Appleton & Co., New York. D. Kimball & Co., Agents for Rhode Island. Convinced by frequent reference made in the school-room of the merits of this great work, and of this volume in particular, we were intending to elaborate a notice which should do it justice; but our eye falling on the following from the pen of Hon. Henry Barnard, editor of the American Journal of Education, we thought it would have more influence than anything we could say. No man is better qualified to judge of the merits of such a work than Henry Bar-held June 28th, 29th and 30th. The dedicatory nard. exercises of the New Seminary Building are no

THE anniversary exercises at the Providence Conference Seminary, East Greenwich, are to be

"It contains some twenty-five pages more than tified for Tuesday, June 29th.